Integer Overflow
Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store.
How It Works
Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a given integer type can store. In C/C++, this causes the value to "wrap around" to a small number—for example, if a 32-bit unsigned integer at maximum value (4,294,967,295) has 1 added, it wraps to 0. Attackers exploit this by providing carefully crafted input values that, when used in calculations, produce unexpectedly small results.
The most dangerous scenario involves memory allocation. An attacker supplies large values that overflow during size calculations (often when adding header sizes, element counts, or alignment padding), producing a small allocation size. When the program later writes the originally intended large amount of data into this undersized buffer, a heap overflow occurs. For instance: size = user_count * sizeof(struct) + header might overflow if user_count is sufficiently large, resulting in malloc() allocating a tiny buffer that subsequent operations overflow.
Integer overflows also enable logic bypasses. Length checks can be circumvented when overflowed values appear to pass validation. Loop bounds may become incorrect, causing excessive iterations or premature termination. Signed integer overflow (technically undefined behavior in C/C++) can flip positive values to negative, bypassing security checks that assume non-negative numbers.
Impact
- Heap buffer overflow: Undersized allocations lead to memory corruption, enabling arbitrary code execution
- Authentication bypass: Overflowed counters or size checks may skip security validations
- Denial of service: Invalid memory operations cause crashes or infinite loops
- Information disclosure: Incorrect bounds allow reading beyond intended memory regions
- Privilege escalation: Combined with memory corruption, can compromise system integrity
Real-World Examples
The OpenSSH authentication bypass (CVE-2002-0639) involved an integer overflow in challenge-response handling where the number of responses could overflow, allowing authentication bypass. The overflow caused allocation of insufficient memory, which subsequent code exploited to execute arbitrary code.
ImageMagick suffered multiple integer overflow vulnerabilities (CVE-2016-3714 and related) where maliciously crafted image files with extreme dimension values caused size calculations to overflow. This resulted in small heap allocations followed by large writes, enabling remote code execution through image processing.
The Linux kernel's do_brk() function (CVE-2003-0961) contained an integer overflow when calculating memory region sizes. Attackers could wrap the size value to bypass length checks and map memory at arbitrary locations, achieving local privilege escalation.
Mitigation
- Safe arithmetic libraries: Use compiler intrinsics (
__builtin_add_overflow) or libraries (SafeInt, Rust's checked arithmetic) that detect overflow - Pre-calculation validation: Check that operands won't overflow before performing arithmetic operations
- Compiler protections: Enable
-ftrapv(GCC) or/RTCc(MSVC) to trap signed overflow; use UBSan for detection - Use larger types: Perform calculations in 64-bit integers when operands are 32-bit, verify result fits before casting down
- Input validation: Enforce maximum reasonable values on user input before arithmetic
- Modern languages: Use languages with overflow checking (Rust, Swift) or arbitrary precision integers (Python, Java BigInteger)
Recent CVEs (3026)
Authenticated denial-of-service in IBM Virtualization Management Interface (VMI) allows an administrator-level attacker positioned on an adjacent network to trigger an integer overflow that crashes the VMI process. Affected firmware spans FW1060.00-FW1060.80, FW1110.00-FW1110.30, and FW1120.00. While the VMI restarts automatically after a single crash, repeated exploitation can sustain a meaningful availability disruption; no public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Integer overflow (CWE-190) in IBM Power Firmware allows an attacker with service-level access to the service processor to supply a specially crafted command that leaks the contents of hardware registers that are architecturally isolated from service processor visibility. Affected firmware lines include FW1120.00, FW1110.00-FW1110.30, and FW1060.00-FW1060.80, covering IBM Power server deployments running these specific firmware versions. IBM has released a patch via its support portal; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Integer overflow in cgltf through version 1.15 allows remote attackers to bypass the library's accessor bounds validation, triggering a heap out-of-bounds read that produces both partial heap memory disclosure and reliable application crashes. Any software embedding cgltf - including game engines, 3D editors, and automated asset pipeline tools - that processes externally sourced .gltf or .glb files is exposed to this dual-impact flaw affecting the cgltf_validate() and cgltf_accessor_read_float() call chain. A publicly available proof-of-concept has been confirmed via a GitHub issue report; no active exploitation has been recorded in CISA KEV at time of analysis.
IBM i NetServer is susceptible to a temporary denial of service via an authenticated integer overflow in request processing bounds checking, affecting versions 7.3 through 7.6. An authenticated attacker can craft a malformed request that triggers an integer overflow, causing a NetServer server thread exception and disrupting network file and print sharing services. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vendor has released a patch via IBM Support.
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Silent integer overflow in ERC7984ERC20Wrapper's confidential total supply counter allows fund loss when an fhEVM token wrapper is exhausted. In versions prior to 0.3.1, the wrap() and onTransferReceived() functions did not check whether the internal _mint call succeeded, meaning that once the euint64 supply counter reached its maximum (~18.4 trillion tokens), subsequent wrapping operations transferred the caller's underlying ERC-20 tokens into the contract while crediting no confidential wrapped tokens in return. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available in version 0.3.1.
Persistent denial of service is achievable in Absolute Secure Access (formerly NetMotion) server versions prior to 14.57 via an integer underflow triggered by specially crafted network traffic from an authenticated session. Exploitation is constrained by both a credential requirement and a non-default server configuration dependency, limiting opportunistic attack surface while still posing meaningful operational risk to affected deployments. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; vendor patch at version 14.57 addresses the flaw.
Cross-user inference data leakage in vLLM prior to 0.27.0 exposes one batched user's prompt or completion output to another user sharing the same GPU inference batch. The root cause is a 32-bit integer overflow in the CUDA kernel `act_and_mul_kernel` within `activation_kernels.cu`, where the pointer arithmetic `blockIdx.x * 2 * d` wraps around when token indices and hidden-dimension sizes are large enough, redirecting the kernel to read from an adjacent user's input buffer. No active exploitation has been confirmed (no CISA KEV listing), but the vendor has patched the issue in v0.27.0 and a detailed GitHub advisory and PR diff are publicly available.
Integer underflow in PostgreSQL's Embedded C preprocessor (ECPG) client allows a database server administrator to crash ECPG client applications by sending a specially crafted bytea value missing its mandatory prefix. Affected versions span all active PostgreSQL major release lines prior to 18.5, 17.11, 16.15, 15.19, and 14.24. The primary impact is temporary denial of service against the ECPG client process via SIGSEGV, with a rare secondary risk of low-severity client-side integrity corruption; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
The iscsiuio DHCP parser in open-iscsi crashes when processing maliciously crafted DHCP reply packets, disrupting iSCSI storage connectivity or network boot on affected hosts. An integer underflow (CWE-191) in the IPv4/UDP DHCP reply parsing path triggers an out-of-bounds read, causing the iscsiuio process to terminate; impact is limited to availability with no confidentiality or integrity exposure. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and the adjacent-network attack vector constrains the realistic attacker population to the same Layer-2 segment as the target.
CVE-2026-62289 is an Ubuntu security update with no public technical details available at time of analysis. The sole intelligence source is a vendor report from Ubuntu, with no description, CVSS score, CWE classification, or affected component provided. The nature of the vulnerability, the affected subsystem, and attacker impact cannot be determined from available data.
Integer underflow in open-iscsi's iscsiuio daemon crashes the process when parsing malformed DHCPv6 Advertise packets with a truncated UDP length field, disrupting iSCSI storage connectivity. Systems running Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 and 10 with iscsiuio actively engaged in a DHCPv6 exchange are exploitable by any unauthenticated attacker on the same adjacent network segment. No active exploitation (CISA KEV) or public proof-of-concept has been identified at time of analysis; real-world impact is highest in shared or multi-tenant storage network environments where adjacency cannot be guaranteed.
Integer underflow in GStreamer's avidemux element allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to trigger heap out-of-bounds read and write, heap memory disclosure, and application crash by delivering a crafted AVI file containing a malformed FUJIFILM strd chunk. The gst_avi_demux_parse_strd() function decrements its remaining-length counter by fixed offsets without bounds checking, causing unsigned integer wraparound for payloads of exactly 106 or 107 bytes. Because avidemux is auto-plugged by GStreamer's high-level components (playbin, decodebin, gst-discoverer), any application that opens or previews a media file - including GNOME Files, Nautilus, Totem, and many others - can trigger the vulnerability without user awareness. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available in gst-plugins-good 1.28.6.
Integer underflow (CWE-191) in Adobe's Content Credentials ecosystem - covering the Rust SDK (c2pa), JavaScript SDK (@contentauth/c2pa-web), and CLI tool (c2patool) - allows a local attacker to crash any application that processes a specially crafted content credential payload, producing a denial-of-service condition. All three components share the underlying parsing logic and are affected up to their respective patch releases. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the availability of patched versions and a vendor advisory (APSB26-111) confirms vendor-acknowledged impact.
Integer overflow in Adobe's CAI Content Credentials SDK family (Rust, JavaScript, and CLI) allows a local attacker to crash the application, producing a denial-of-service condition. All three components - the Rust c2pa crate, the JS c2pa-web package, and the c2patool command-line utility - share the same CWE-190 root cause and are affected up to their respective boundary versions. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; Adobe has released patched versions for all three components per advisory APSB26-111.
Integer overflow in Adobe's Content Credentials ecosystem - spanning the Rust SDK (c2pa ≤ v0.90.5), JavaScript SDK (@contentauth/c2pa-web ≤ 0.12.0), and the c2patool CLI (≤ v0.27.5) - allows denial-of-service through application crash when processing maliciously crafted C2PA assets. The CVSS:3.1/AV:L vector indicates the exploitable surface is file or data ingestion rather than a directly exposed network service, requiring no user interaction or privileges once a crafted asset reaches the parsing pipeline. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Integer underflow in Adobe's Content Credentials SDK crashes any application that parses a specially crafted C2PA manifest file, producing a denial-of-service condition. The Rust crate (c2pa ≤0.90.5), JavaScript/WASM package (@contentauth/c2pa-web ≤0.12.0), and CLI tool (c2patool ≤0.27.5) are all affected, with patched releases confirmed by Adobe advisory APSB26-111. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; real-world impact is highest in automated media ingestion pipelines that validate C2PA provenance on user-supplied files.
Integer overflow in Adobe's Content Credentials SDK and CLI toolchain crashes the application when processing crafted input, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. Affected components span the Rust SDK (c2pa), the command-line tool (c2patool), and the JavaScript/WebAssembly SDK (@contentauth/c2pa-web), all at versions prior to their respective patch releases. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and SSVC assesses exploitation as none with non-automatable delivery.
Integer overflow in Intel Slim Bootloader UEFI firmware exposes systems to limited information disclosure and denial of service. Exploitation requires local, authenticated access with active user interaction, yielding only low-impact confidentiality and availability consequences with no integrity impact. No active exploitation has been identified; the CVSS 4.0 score of 2.4 reflects the constrained exploitation conditions and limited blast radius.
Signed integer overflow in GIMP's file-fli plugin causes application crashes when processing maliciously crafted FLI animation files, resulting in denial of service. The flaw affects GIMP as packaged on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 9, where incorrect multiplication of image width and height during buffer size calculation can overflow a signed integer, producing an invalid allocation. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; impact is strictly limited to availability, with no confidentiality or integrity consequences.
Heap buffer overflow in GNU Emacs for Android's TrueType font parser (sfnt_read_name_table() in src/sfnt.c) enables potential code execution when a 32-bit Emacs process loads a crafted font file. The root cause is a CWE-190 integer overflow that wraps a 32-bit allocation size calculation, producing an undersized heap buffer that a subsequent read() call overflows. Delivery is possible through multiple standard Emacs workflows - email rendering, EWW web browsing, or documents with custom font faces - requiring only passive user interaction, with no authentication required from the attacker. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though a patch commit is confirmed upstream.
Heap buffer overflow via integer wraparound in GNU Emacs for Android's TrueType font parser allows an attacker to corrupt heap memory and potentially achieve code execution by delivering a crafted font file through email, the built-in EWW browser, or documents using custom typefaces. The flaw is confined to 32-bit builds where an unguarded addition in sfnt_read_cmap_format_12() wraps around when computing an xmalloc allocation size, producing a fatally undersized heap buffer. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; however, CERT-PL reported the issue and an upstream patch commit is available.
Heap out-of-bounds reads and writes in Perl's regular expression engine through version 5.45.1 arise from a signed 32-bit integer overflow when computing the superlinear cache size in S_regmatch. When a subject string of approximately 286,331,153 bytes is matched against a pattern containing 15 or more WHILEM-participating nodes, the bit-count product overflows to 14, producing a two-byte cache allocation that is then indexed far beyond its bounds. A caller passing attacker-controlled input of this size to such a pattern can crash the Perl process or corrupt heap memory; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's GPU process - caused by an integer overflow (CWE-190) - enables a remote attacker who has already achieved renderer process compromise to read data across origin boundaries by delivering a crafted HTML page. All Chrome desktop releases prior to 151.0.7922.109 are affected. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis; the chained nature of the attack (requiring a prior renderer compromise) substantially constrains real-world risk despite the broad deployment footprint of Chrome.
Integer underflow in HDF5 through 2.3.0 allows denial of service when processing Fletcher32-filtered datasets with chunk sizes smaller than 4 bytes. The `H5Z__filter_fletcher32` function in `H5Zfletcher32.c` subtracts the 4-byte checksum length from the input buffer size using an unsigned `size_t` without first verifying the buffer meets the minimum size, causing the result to wrap near `SIZE_MAX` and triggering a massively out-of-bounds read inside `H5_checksum_fletcher32`. Any application or pipeline calling `H5Dread` on a crafted HDF5 file - including the standard `h5ls` and `h5dump` utilities - can be crashed; no public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not in CISA KEV.
Integer underflow in the popt command-line option parsing library can crash any application that links against it when help text is rendered under specific terminal-width conditions. Affects local, low-privileged users on systems running popt-linked applications - a broad attack surface given popt's presence across Red Hat-derived Linux distributions. Impact is strictly denial of service against the affected application; no confidentiality or integrity loss is possible. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure in Qualcomm Snapdragon wireless subsystem allows an adjacent-network attacker to leak sensitive memory contents by transmitting malformed wireless channel switch frames with invalid length fields. The root cause is CWE-191 (integer underflow), where improperly formatted length values trigger an arithmetic wrap condition during 802.11 management frame parsing, resulting in out-of-bounds memory reads. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though the low attack complexity and no-authentication requirement on an adjacent wireless segment represent a meaningful real-world risk for shared wireless environments.
Memory corruption in Apache Traffic Server during HPACK/XPACK header decoding exposes affected deployments to denial of service. Versions spanning the 8.x, 9.x, and 10.x release lines are affected, with unauthenticated remote attackers able to craft malformed compressed headers that trigger an integer overflow (CWE-190), corrupting server memory. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) scores 5.9 Medium, reflecting that while no authentication is required, elevated attack complexity limits opportunistic mass exploitation; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Remote denial-of-service in the gopacket library's Diameter AVP decoder allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger a ~4 GiB memory allocation per crafted packet, causing OOM kill after two messages under memory constraints. The flaw affects gopacket ≤1.6.0 (latest before fix), and publicly available exploit code demonstrates end-to-end exploitation against a collector with a 256 MB memory cap. No active exploitation is currently reported.
Integer underflow in the System Use area calculation of libfsimage's ISO 9660 driver allows denial of service via a crafted ISO image. An unauthenticated local attacker can cause the driver to crash when a user or process mounts or accesses a malicious ISO file, resulting in high availability impact. No active exploitation or public exploit has been identified at this time, and CVSS 5.5 with local attack vector and user interaction limits real-world risk.
An integer overflow in GIMP's file-sgi plugin, triggered by a crafted RLE-compressed SGI image, causes denial of service by crashing the plugin. The vulnerability affects GIMP versions with the file-sgi plugin and requires a user to open a malicious image file. No public exploit or active exploitation is known at this time; the issue is being tracked by GNOME and Red Hat.
Integer overflow in the print_string_ptr() function of the cJSON library on 32-bit platforms causes a heap buffer overflow when processing crafted JSON strings with approximately 858,993,460 control characters. Applications using cJSON_PrintBuffered() with a pre-allocated buffer are vulnerable, potentially leading to remote code execution, information disclosure, or denial of service. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at the time of analysis.
Heap buffer over-write in Magick.NET versions before 14.15.0 on 32-bit platforms when processing extremely large JNX files can lead to a denial-of-service condition by crashing the application. The vulnerability resides in the bundled ImageMagick library's JNX decoder, where an integer overflow occurs during file handling. Exploitation requires the attacker to supply a malicious JNX file to a locally running .NET application using Magick.NET; no public exploit or active exploitation is known.
Heap buffer overwrite in ImageMagick's morphology operation when an invalid user-supplied kernel is provided, leading to a denial-of-service condition. This integer overflow flaw (CWE-190) affects ImageMagick versions prior to 7.1.2-27 and the Magick.NET wrapper below 14.15.0. No active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been identified, and EPSS data is unavailable.
Denial of service against the MongoDB mongod process is achievable by any authenticated user holding standard read/write privileges by submitting a crafted aggregation command that exploits insufficient input validation in the bundled libmongocrypt library. An integer overflow (CWE-190) in libmongocrypt allows attacker-controlled payload values to produce an excessively large memory allocation request, causing the operating system to terminate the mongod process under an out-of-memory condition. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in GNU diffutils' diff3 tool, triggered by signed integer overflows in internal line-mapping arithmetic, enables crash and potential code execution when diff3 processes crafted diff output. Affected is the diff3 binary across diffutils versions tracked under CPE cpe:2.3:a:gnu:diffutils:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, where an attacker controlling the diff program invoked by diff3 (e.g., via the --diff-program option pointing to a malicious script) can induce miscalculated memory allocations followed by out-of-bounds writes. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing; a fix is available via upstream commits reported by CERT-PL.
Signed integer overflow in libarchive's ZIP writer (`archive_write_zip_header` in `archive_write_set_format_zip.c`) produces undefined behavior when ZIP encryption is enabled and a file entry size approaches INT64_MAX, causing the encryption overhead addition to wrap the int64_t type. The resulting undefined behavior may cause incorrect Zip64 extension logic - producing malformed archive structure - or, in worst-case scenarios, memory corruption that could affect availability of the consuming process. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; the CVSS score of 2.9 and high attack complexity reflect extreme trigger conditions that are practically unreachable in normal deployments.
Integer overflow in libvips gifload on 32-bit platforms allows an attacker who can supply crafted GIF images to cause incorrect buffer sizing and crash the image-processing application. Affected are all libvips builds up to and including 8.18.0 compiled for 32-bit architectures, where multiplying GIF width by height as a native int can wrap past INT_MAX. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available in libvips 8.18.1.
Integer underflow in the traffic parsing function of Absolute Security Secure Access clients prior to version 14.55 enables a non-persistent denial-of-service condition against the client application. Exploitation demands the attacker possess intimate knowledge of the proprietary tunnel protocol AND maintain total control over that tunnel - an exceptionally high bar that drastically limits realistic attacker population. The impact is restricted to temporarily disrupting the Secure Access client on the victim endpoint; the service recovers without persistent damage. No public exploit code exists and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Integer underflow in Absolute Security's Secure Access client prior to version 14.55 allows an attacker with full control over the tunnel protocol to cause a non-persistent denial of service against the client. The exploitation bar is extremely high - the attacker must possess both intimate knowledge of the proprietary tunnel protocol and total control over the communication channel. No public exploit code exists and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; the vendor-reported CVSS 4.0 score of 2.1 reflects the negligible real-world risk.
Integer overflow in Adobe's Content Credentials SDK family (c2pa Rust SDK, c2pa-web JS SDK, and c2patool CLI) allows a local attacker to crash any application that processes a specially crafted C2PA manifest, resulting in denial of service. All three components share the vulnerable parsing logic and are affected across versions up to c2pa-v0.84.0, @contentauth/c2pa-web@0.7.0, and c2patool-v0.16.5 respectively. No public exploit exists and SSVC confirms no observed exploitation; however, patches are available and should be applied given the zero-privilege-required local trigger condition.
Integer underflow (CWE-191) in Adobe's Content Credentials ecosystem - spanning the Rust SDK (c2pa), JavaScript/Node.js SDK (c2pa-web), and c2patool command-line utility - crashes the application when processing a maliciously crafted C2PA manifest or media file, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. All three components share the same vulnerable code path, broadening the attack surface across toolchains. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.15% (5th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm this is not currently being targeted.
Integer underflow in Adobe's C2PA Content Credentials SDKs (Rust, JavaScript/Node.js, and CLI tool) allows an attacker to crash the host application by supplying a maliciously crafted C2PA manifest, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. All three release tracks are affected - the Rust SDK (≤0.84.0), the JS SDK (≤0.7.0), and c2patool (≤0.16.5) - with vendor-released patches available for each. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS sits at the 5th percentile, consistent with SSVC's 'exploitation: none' assessment.
Microsoft Office information disclosure via integer overflow (CWE-190) exposes high-confidentiality data to a local attacker who can induce a victim to open a crafted document. The flaw affects a broad range of Microsoft Office versions on both Windows and macOS - including Office 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021, LTSC 2024, and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise - confirmed by Microsoft via MSRC. No public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, placing this in low urgency despite the High confidentiality impact in the CVSS vector; however, the extensive product footprint means patching remains advisable.
Local information disclosure in Microsoft Office and SharePoint via an integer overflow (CWE-190) exposes sensitive data to low-privileged local attackers across a broad range of Office versions on both Windows and Mac platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L) confirms exploitation requires an existing foothold on the target machine, limiting real-world impact to post-compromise scenarios or insider threats. No active exploitation is confirmed by CISA KEV, and the EPSS score of 0.40% (32nd percentile) combined with SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicates this is not currently being weaponized in the wild.
Integer overflow in the Windows Devices Human Interface (HID) subsystem enables a local, low-privileged attacker to disclose sensitive information on affected systems. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 (versions 1809 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 24H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2019 through 2025, representing a broad attack surface across Microsoft's supported OS portfolio. No public exploit code exists and CISA SSVC rates current exploitation as none, with an EPSS score of 0.30% (22nd percentile) confirming very low near-term exploitation probability.
Integer underflow in the Windows Kernel enables a locally authenticated attacker to disclose sensitive kernel memory contents across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) confirms that any low-privilege local user can trigger the flaw without special configuration or user interaction, yielding high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. Microsoft has released a patch via the July 2026 Security Update Guide; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM level is achievable in Windows Spaceport.sys - the kernel-mode Storage Spaces port driver - across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases, when an attacker has physical access to the target machine. An integer overflow or wraparound in the driver's arithmetic logic (CWE-190) can corrupt kernel memory structures, enabling full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC confirms exploitation status as none, but the Technical Impact rating is total, meaning successful exploitation fully compromises the affected system.
Integer overflow in Windows Storage Spaces Direct enables an unauthenticated attacker with physical access to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows client and server platforms. The CVSS vector (AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms that no credentials are required but direct physical presence at the target hardware is mandatory, substantially narrowing the realistic attacker pool. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' and EPSS stands at 0.33% (26th percentile), consistent with a physical-vector vulnerability not currently observed in opportunistic campaigns.
Privilege escalation to full system control is achievable in Windows Storage Spaces Direct via a CWE-190 integer overflow that causes arithmetic wraparound, exploitable by an attacker with physical access to affected hardware. The flaw spans Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (24H2-26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, representing a broad Microsoft platform footprint. Despite the C:H/I:H/A:H impact profile confirmed by SSVC as 'technical impact: total,' the physical access prerequisite (AV:P) is a hard constraint; SSVC additionally confirms exploitation status as none, no public exploit code exists, and EPSS sits at 0.31% (23rd percentile), making this a low operational priority for most organizations.
Integer overflow in gawk's do_sub() routine (builtin.c) enables heap metadata corruption on 32-bit builds, crashing the process. Affecting all gawk versions through 5.4.0 compiled for 32-bit architectures, this flaw was reported by CERT-PL and is limited exclusively to the availability domain - the CVSS 4.0 vector confirms no confidentiality or integrity impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and a patch commit is available upstream.
Integer overflow in GNU gawk's builtin.c (versions 5.4.0 and below) enables heap metadata corruption and memory exhaustion when gawk processes attacker-crafted input. The flaw stems from a CWE-190 integer wraparound condition that can be triggered locally to overwrite heap objects with attacker-controlled bytes, potentially escalating from a denial-of-service to memory corruption with partial integrity impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CERT-PL reported this with a low CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.1, reflecting a limited, local attack surface with specific attack prerequisites.
Integer overflow in Samsung's open-source rlottie animation rendering library leads to buffer overflow, with high availability impact including potential crash or memory corruption. Exploitation requires local access, low privileges, user interaction, and high attack complexity, making this a lower-urgency finding despite the buffer overflow class. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog. The upstream fix is available as a GitHub pull request (#595), though a formally tagged patched release version has not been independently confirmed.
Integer overflow in Google Chrome's Extensions API (versions prior to 150.0.7871.115) enables an out-of-bounds memory read, leaking limited browser memory content to a crafted malicious extension. Exploitation requires convincing a user to install the attacker-controlled extension, constraining this to social engineering or supply chain scenarios rather than opportunistic mass exploitation. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS sits at 0.10% (1st percentile), making real-world exploitation probability very low despite Chromium's internal 'High' severity designation.
Integer underflow in the OpenWrt Emergency Access Daemon crashes the daemon when any unauthenticated attacker on the local network sends a single crafted UDP packet to it. Affected are all OpenWrt versions prior to v25.12.5. The CVSS adjacent-network vector (AV:A) constrains the attack surface to local or adjacent network segments, but within that context exploitation requires no credentials and no user interaction - a single malformed packet suffices. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; the patch is confirmed available in v25.12.5.
Heap buffer overflow in GNU Wget through 1.25.0 allows a remote server to corrupt client-side memory by serving a crafted HTML page containing attributes with a large number of characters requiring entity encoding. The flaw originates in the `html_quote_string()` function in `src/convert.c`, where a signed integer counter overflows during output size accumulation, causing an undersized heap allocation; the subsequent copy phase then writes beyond that buffer's bounds. No public exploit code has been identified and no CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the memory corruption class warrants patching, particularly in environments where wget is used to fetch content from untrusted servers.
Integer overflow in GNU Wget through 1.25.0 allows a malicious or compromised web server to corrupt client download sessions by supplying crafted Content-Range response headers. The parse_content_range() function in src/http.c performs signed integer arithmetic on server-supplied values without overflow guards, triggering undefined behavior under C's signed overflow rules and causing download desynchronization on the affected client. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code is known at time of analysis; real-world impact is bounded to availability disruption rather than host compromise based on current data.
Integer overflow in GIMP's PlayStation TIM image loader crashes the plug-in when processing a maliciously crafted TIM file, resulting in denial of service. The flaw affects GIMP as packaged on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 9, where the TIM loader multiplies two 16-bit unsigned short values (num_colors × num_cluts) without bounds checking, producing a 32-bit overflow that corrupts CLUT size calculation and triggers an abort. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and exploitation requires user interaction to open a crafted file, limiting real-world impact to targeted social engineering scenarios.
Integer overflow in OP-TEE OS's AES-GCM implementation silently corrupts authentication tag computation when a single operation processes more than 512 megabytes of payload or Additional Authenticated Data (AAD), affecting all deployments running versions 3.0.0 through 4.10.x on Arm TrustZone platforms. The overflow causes the GHASH length counters to wrap, meaning the GCM authentication tag is derived from incorrect bit-length values - defeating AES-GCM's core integrity guarantee without any runtime error or exception. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the practical impact for systems using OP-TEE for high-value integrity assurance (DRM, secure key storage, attestation) is significant when large payloads traverse the TEE boundary.
Integer overflow in radare2's pb Print Command Handler affects all versions through 6.1.6, exploitable locally by a low-privileged user to crash the radare2 process. The flaw resides in the cmd_print function within libr/core/cmd_print.inc and results in availability impact only - no confidentiality or integrity loss is indicated. Publicly available exploit code exists per the GitHub issue tracker, though no active exploitation has been confirmed via CISA KEV.
Integer overflow in radare2's `r_str_word_get0set` function (libr/util/str.c) allows a local low-privileged attacker to crash the application on versions up to 6.1.6. The CWE-190 integer wraparound can produce a buffer overflow condition, degrading availability of the radare2 analysis session. A public proof-of-concept exists (GitHub issue #26047), though the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV and the CVSS 4.0 score of 1.9 reflects genuinely minimal real-world risk given its local-only, low-impact nature.
Denial of service in NATS Server (nats-io/nats-server) affects the HTTP monitoring endpoints /connz and /subsz, where attacker-controlled offset and limit pagination parameters trigger a signed integer overflow (Offset+Limit wrapping from math.MaxInt64 to math.MinInt64), producing invalid slice bounds and a server panic. Any client able to reach the monitoring interface can crash the broker, disrupting all connected messaging clients. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not in CISA KEV; the upstream fix clamps offsets using min/max bounds.
Integer overflow in Dell PowerProtect Data Domain across multiple release trains (main, LTS2024, LTS2025, LTS2026) exposes backup and data protection infrastructure to remote denial of service by an unauthenticated attacker. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N) confirms network-accessible, unauthenticated exploitation, though high attack complexity constrains practical exploitation to adversaries who can satisfy specific preconditions. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability has not been added to the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
CVE-2026-47714 is a vulnerability reported by Ubuntu with no public description, CVSS score, CWE classification, or technical details available at time of analysis. The affected product, vulnerability class, and impact cannot be determined from the available intelligence. No exploitation status, patch availability, or affected version range has been confirmed.
Integer overflow in ImageMagick's XCF (GIMP native format) decoder allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds read by supplying a crafted XCF image file, resulting in an application crash or limited memory disclosure. All ImageMagick releases prior to 6.9.13-51 (legacy branch) and 7.1.2-26 (current branch) are affected. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the zero-complexity, pre-authentication attack surface makes this a meaningful risk for any internet-facing service that processes user-supplied images via ImageMagick.
Integer underflow in FatFs R0.16 and earlier corrupts filesystem integrity via a stale dirty-cache skip during interleaved read/write operations on fragmented volumes. The condition `fp->sect - sect < cc` in f_read() and f_write() uses unsigned arithmetic - when `sect` exceeds `fp->sect`, the subtraction wraps to a large unsigned value, bypassing the required cache flush and leaving stale or inconsistent data on disk. A proof-of-concept exists per SSVC assessment, and technical impact is rated Total, though physical access is required per the CVSS vector. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV).
Heap buffer overflow in UltraVNC Repeater through 1.8.2.2 stems from an integer overflow in the HTTP request logging function win_log(), where a malloc size calculation wraps around on 32-bit builds when processing oversized URIs, producing an undersized heap allocation followed by an unchecked strcpy. Remote unauthenticated attackers can trigger this path by sending a maximally-sized URI to the repeater HTTP port, with practical impact bounded by the 153,600-byte HTTP receive buffer and currently assessed at availability disruption rather than reliable code execution. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.
Division by zero in ImageMagick's binomial kernel processing path, affecting all versions before 7.1.2-22, allows an attacker to crash the application by supplying a crafted image with an oversized binomial kernel value. The integer overflow corrupts the kernel size calculation, and a subsequent division by the resulting zero value causes an unhandled exception and process termination. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; however, automated image-processing pipelines that accept untrusted uploads are at elevated practical risk despite the local-vector CVSS rating.
Integer overflow in fzf's FuzzyMatchV2 function causes a non-recoverable process crash (denial of service) when input lines reach approximately 2,200,000 bytes and a search pattern of ~999 bytes is active. The Go runtime detects the resulting invalid slice bounds and immediately terminates the process with a panic - there is no recovery path and no possibility of memory corruption or code execution. No public exploit code has been identified and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 4.0 score of 5.6 (AT:P, UI:A) reflects that exploitation requires atypical input volumes and active user or script interaction.
Insufficient data exists to characterize CVE-2026-44605 meaningfully. The only available intelligence signal is a vendor attribution to Ubuntu, with no description, CVSS vector, CWE classification, or reference URLs provided. The CVE ID year (2026) places this beyond the analyst's knowledge cutoff of August 2025, meaning no corroborating open-source intelligence can be applied. No exploitation status, affected version range, or impact class can be stated with any confidence.
Integer overflow in spice-vdagent's message parsing allows a malicious or compromised SPICE host to crash the guest VM's vdagent daemon by delivering a specially crafted message that triggers a downstream heap buffer overflow. Affected deployments span spice-vdagent as packaged in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 10, where the daemon runs inside guests handling host-to-guest SPICE protocol communications. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis; exploitation is structurally constrained by the requirement that the attacking SPICE host itself be untrusted or already compromised prior to the attack.
Out-of-bounds reads and a process crash in Nmap through 7.99 can be triggered remotely by any host that is being scanned, or by an on-path attacker, via a crafted IPv6 packet with a truncated extension header. The root cause is an integer underflow in the `ipv6_get_data_primitive` function (libnetutil/netutil.cc) where an insufficiently strict bounds check allows the extension-header walk pointer to advance past the captured packet buffer, causing the remaining-length subtraction to wraparound to a very large value. A publicly available exploit proof-of-concept exists; this vulnerability is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Integer underflow in wolfSSL's PKCS#7 ORI decryption path allows a local low-privileged attacker to cause incorrect length computation during EnvelopedData parsing, resulting in low-severity availability impact. Specifically, when the OID embedded inside an implicit `[4] CONSTRUCTED` Other Recipient Info sequence consumes more bytes than the field's declared length, the `word32` subtraction for `oriValueSz` wraps around to a near-maximal unsigned value, feeding corrupted length data to downstream decryption logic. No public exploit has been identified and no CISA KEV listing exists; exploitation requires local access, high complexity, and passive processing of crafted input by the target application.
Thunderbolt XDomain property validator in the Linux kernel triggers a heap underflow when processing zero-length TEXT property entries, enabling a local low-privileged attacker to crash the kernel (denial of service). The root cause is in tb_property_entry_valid(), which permits length==0 for TEXT entries that subsequently compute an array index of -1 during null-termination (0 * 4 - 1), writing one byte before the allocated buffer. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is extremely low at 0.18% (8th percentile), indicating negligible opportunistic exploitation pressure despite the kernel's ubiquitous deployment footprint.
Remote denial-of-service in Apache Kvrocks via an integer overflow in the RESTORE command's IntSet deserialization path. An attacker who can send commands to a Kvrocks instance can supply a crafted RDB-serialized IntSet payload to the RESTORE command, triggering an integer overflow that crashes the server process. This vulnerability was disclosed pre-NVD via the oss-security mailing list on 2026-06-25 alongside two other Kvrocks CVEs (CVE-2026-46751, CVE-2026-46752), suggesting a coordinated security audit of the project; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Integer overflow in the Linux kernel SCSI target core allows a local attacker with low privileges to crash the kernel via crafted UNMAP commands. The `sbc_execute_unmap()` function performs a capacity bounds check on LBA + range but fails to guard against 64-bit wraparound, meaning an attacker can supply values that overflow to bypass the check and trigger a kernel panic. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists; EPSS is 0.18% (7th percentile), reflecting the niche attack surface limited to systems actively running SCSI target daemons. Patches are confirmed available across all supported stable kernel branches.
Integer overflow in the Linux kernel's AF_ALG socket interface (crypto/af_alg.c) lets a local user supply an oversized AEAD associated-data length that wraps during TX buffer size arithmetic, corrupting size checks; the fix caps AD length to 0x80000000. Carrying CVSS 7.0 (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L), it affects any kernel exposing the algif AEAD interface and threatens confidentiality, integrity, and availability through resulting memory corruption. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low at 0.18% (8th percentile), consistent with a local-only, high-complexity issue.
Integer overflow in the Linux kernel i2c character device driver allows a local low-privileged user to corrupt the SMBus controller state machine and cause a persistent Denial of Service. By supplying a crafted large timeout value (e.g., 429496729) to the I2C_TIMEOUT ioctl that passes the INT_MAX bounds check but overflows to a negative integer after multiplication by 10, an attacker forces wait_for_completion_timeout() to receive a sign-extended negative 64-bit value, triggering schedule_timeout kernel warnings and leaving the SMBus adapter in an unrecoverable state. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and EPSS is 0.18% (8th percentile), reflecting low mass-exploitation risk; however, the flaw is mechanically straightforward on any system granting unprivileged access to /dev/i2c-* nodes.
Integer overflow in the xmlwf utility bundled with libexpat before 2.8.2 enables heap corruption via XML documents containing an excessive number of NOTATION declarations in a DOCTYPE block. The flaw in endDoctypeDecl allows a crafted XML file to wrap a signed integer counter, producing an undersized heap allocation that can be overflowed with high confidentiality and integrity impact. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code have been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patch is available in libexpat 2.8.2.
Integer overflow in libexpat's xmlwf tool allows an attacker supplying a crafted XML file with an excessively long DOCTYPE system identifier to trigger a heap buffer overflow via the resolveSystemId function. All libexpat versions before 2.8.2 are affected; the root cause is an unchecked size_t arithmetic operation - both the addition of string lengths and the subsequent multiplication by sizeof(XML_Char) - before a malloc call. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and exploitation requires local access under high-complexity conditions per the CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H vector.
Integer overflow in the `xmlwf` command-line utility bundled with libexpat before 2.8.2 allows heap buffer overflow when the `-d outputDir` flag is used with extremely long path values. The overflow occurs during malloc size calculation - `(tcslen(outputDir) + tcslen(file) + 2) * sizeof(XML_Char)` - wrapping the size_t to a near-zero value, causing an undersized allocation followed by out-of-bounds write during filename construction. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is absent from CISA KEV, but the heap overflow primitive is well-understood and could yield code execution in automated XML processing pipelines.
Integer overflow in libexpat's copyString function (xmlparse.c) allows heap buffer overflow when processing specially crafted XML input, affecting all libexpat versions before 2.8.2. The missing bounds check on a size multiplication permits an attacker-controlled string length to wrap around SIZE_MAX, producing an undersized heap allocation that is subsequently overwritten - enabling potential memory corruption, arbitrary code execution, or data disclosure in any application consuming the library. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available in libexpat 2.8.2.
Integer overflow in libexpat before 2.8.2 allows heap corruption during XML prolog parsing when accumulated entity value pool length exceeds INT_MAX, yielding high confidentiality and integrity impact per CVSS. The flaw resides in doProlog and the related storeSelfEntityValue path, where poolLength() return values are cast to signed integers without bounds validation - a gap closed in the upstream fix via explicit INT_MAX guards. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, but the widespread use of libexpat as a dependency across system tools, language runtimes, and XML-processing services means the blast radius of a weaponized exploit would be broad.
Integer overflow in libexpat's XML_ParseBuffer function allows potential heap corruption leading to high-confidentiality and high-integrity impact in all libexpat versions before 2.8.2. The overflow occurs because XML_ParseBuffer lacked a bounds check on the byte index accumulator that was already present in the sibling XML_Parse function - a defensive guard omitted asymmetrically between two code paths. Any application that routes XML input through XML_ParseBuffer (a common pattern in incremental parsing) is exposed. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and no KEV listing exists, but the high C and I CVSS impact ratings reflect the potential for code execution via heap corruption.
Integer overflow in libexpat's getAttributeId routine exposes any application embedding libexpat before version 2.8.2 to memory corruption with high confidentiality and integrity impact when parsing specially crafted XML documents. The flaw occurs when an internal counter traversing the attribute ID table reaches INT_MAX and wraps, producing an invalid index that can corrupt adjacent heap memory. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA has not listed this in the KEV catalog, but a vendor-released patch is available in libexpat 2.8.2 and upgrade is the recommended remediation.
Integer overflow in libexpat's addBinding function (xmlparse.c) before version 2.8.2 allows memory corruption during XML namespace binding processing, with high confidentiality and integrity impact. All libexpat releases from 0 through 2.8.2-pre are affected (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:libexpat_project:libexpat:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), encompassing a significant downstream attack surface given the library's widespread use in Python, PHP, and system utilities. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis; the official CVSS 3.1 score of 6.9 reflects meaningful impact tempered by high attack complexity and a local attack vector.
Integer overflow in libexpat's storeAtts() function before version 2.8.2 allows heap buffer corruption during XML namespace attribute processing. When an XML document contains namespace-qualified attributes whose prefix name or local-part name approaches or exceeds INT_MAX bytes, the combined expanded-name length calculation wraps to a small integer, causing allocation of an undersized heap buffer followed by an out-of-bounds write during the memcpy phase. The vendor CVSS scores this 6.9 with High confidentiality and integrity impact; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Heap corruption in the Ruby Oj JSON parser (`Oj.load`) is triggered when applications process attacker-controlled JSON strings larger than 2 GB containing an escape sequence, due to an integer overflow in `read_escaped_str` that wraps a 32-bit length to a negative value and is then cast to `size_t`, causing `memcpy` to copy ~2 GB out of bounds. Versions of the `oj` gem prior to 3.17.3 are affected, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis; CVSS and EPSS are not provided.
Integer overflow in QEMU's virtio-snd virtual sound device allows a malicious guest VM to trigger unbounded host memory allocation by supplying out-of-bounds stream counts via PCM_INFO requests, resulting in a host-side denial of service. Affected deployments are those where QEMU exposes the virtio-snd device to guest VMs - particularly relevant in multi-tenant or cloud virtualization environments where guest workloads may be untrusted. No public exploit code and no active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at the time of this analysis; the CVSS 5.5 Medium score reflects the constrained local attack vector.
Denial-of-service via unbounded factorial evaluation affects NCalc (NCalc.Core and NCalcSync NuGet packages) prior to v6.1.1, allowing remote attackers to exhaust CPU resources or trigger non-terminating computation loops by submitting expressions with extremely large factorial operands such as 9223372036854775807! (Int64.MaxValue). The root cause is CWE-190 integer overflow in MathHelper.cs's factorial calculation logic, which previously lacked bounds validation, allowing operands well beyond any representable result to be passed directly to the computation loop. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, though the triggering expressions are trivially constructable and documented in the advisory itself.