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Information Disclosure

other MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

How It Works

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security. This happens through multiple channels: verbose error messages that display stack traces revealing internal paths and frameworks, improperly secured debug endpoints left active in production, and misconfigured servers that expose directory listings or version control artifacts like .git folders. APIs often leak excessive data in responses—returning full user objects when only a name is needed, or revealing system internals through metadata fields.

Attackers exploit these exposures systematically. They probe for common sensitive files (.env, config.php, backup archives), trigger error conditions to extract framework details, and analyze response timing or content differences to enumerate valid usernames or resources. Even subtle variations—like "invalid password" versus "user not found"—enable account enumeration. Exposed configuration files frequently contain database credentials, API keys, or internal service URLs that unlock further attack vectors.

The attack flow typically starts with passive reconnaissance: examining HTTP headers, JavaScript bundles, and public endpoints for version information and architecture clues. Active probing follows—testing predictable paths, manipulating parameters to trigger exceptions, and comparing responses across similar requests to identify information leakage patterns.

Impact

  • Credential compromise: Exposed configuration files, hardcoded secrets in source code, or API keys enable direct authentication bypass
  • Attack surface mapping: Stack traces, framework versions, and internal paths help attackers craft targeted exploits for known vulnerabilities
  • Data breach: Direct exposure of user data, payment information, or proprietary business logic through oversharing APIs or accessible backups
  • Privilege escalation pathway: Internal URLs, service discovery information, and architecture details facilitate lateral movement and SSRF attacks
  • Compliance violations: GDPR, PCI-DSS, and HIPAA penalties for exposing regulated data through preventable disclosures

Real-World Examples

A major Git repository exposure affected thousands of websites when .git folders remained accessible on production servers, allowing attackers to reconstruct entire source code histories including deleted commits containing credentials. Tools like GitDumper automated mass exploitation of this misconfiguration.

Cloud storage misconfigurations have repeatedly exposed sensitive data when companies left S3 buckets or Azure Blob containers publicly readable. One incident exposed 150 million voter records because verbose API error messages revealed the storage URL structure, and no authentication was required.

Framework debug modes left enabled in production have caused numerous breaches. Django's DEBUG=True setting exposed complete stack traces with database queries and environment variables, while Laravel's debug pages revealed encryption keys through the APP_KEY variable in environment dumps.

Mitigation

  • Generic error pages: Return uniform error messages to users; log detailed exceptions server-side only
  • Disable debug modes: Enforce production configurations that suppress stack traces, verbose logging, and debug endpoints through deployment automation
  • Access control audits: Restrict or remove development artifacts (.git, backup files, phpinfo()) and internal endpoints before deployment
  • Response minimization: API responses should return only necessary fields; implement allowlists rather than blocklists for data exposure
  • Security headers: Deploy X-Content-Type-Options, remove server version banners, and disable directory indexing
  • Timing consistency: Ensure authentication and validation responses take uniform time regardless of input validity

Recent CVEs (67732)

EPSS 0% CVSS 2.7
LOW Monitor

Sensitive 2FA-related information is written to FortiOS log files and exposed via diagnose commands, allowing a highly privileged attacker with at least read-only administrative access to recover two-factor authentication data. Affected versions span FortiOS 6.4 through 7.6.3 and FortiProxy across all versions per CPE data, representing a wide installed base. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been confirmed; EPSS of 0.04% at the 13th percentile reflects minimal real-world exploitation pressure at this time.

Fortinet Information Disclosure
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.5
HIGH This Week

Man-in-the-middle interception is possible against the ZTNA proxy in FortiProxy 7.6.1 and earlier, 7.4.8 and earlier, and all 7.2/7.0 versions, as well as FortiOS 7.6.2 and earlier, 7.4.8 and earlier, and all 7.2/7.0 versions, due to improper certificate-host validation (CWE-297). An adjacent network attacker in a privileged path-position can intercept and tamper with ZTNA proxy connections, undermining a control specifically deployed to enforce zero-trust authentication. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Fortinet Information Disclosure Fortiproxy +1
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.1
HIGH PATCH This Week

User interface spoofing in Firefox and Firefox Focus for Android's custom tab implementation allows remote attackers to misrepresent subdomain origins, enabling phishing attacks through crafted URLs. The custom tab feature truncates displayed hostnames to show only the parent domain, allowing malicious content on attacker-controlled subdomains (e.g., evil.example.com) to appear as legitimate sibling subdomains (e.g., legitimate.example.com). With CVSS 8.1 (High Confidentiality/Integrity impact) and no authentication required, this represents significant phishing risk for Android Firefox users. Patched in Firefox 144; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the UI flaw is straightforward to exploit.

Mozilla Google Information Disclosure +1
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 6.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

Firefox on Android allows remote attackers to display a fake address bar by exploiting the visibilitychange event when the legitimate address bar is hidden due to scrolling, enabling phishing attacks and user deception. The vulnerability affects Firefox versions prior to 144 and requires user interaction (clicking on the fake address bar). Mozilla released patched version Firefox 144 to address this issue, and there is no evidence of active exploitation at the time of analysis.

Mozilla Google Information Disclosure +1
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.1
CRITICAL PATCH Act Now

Firefox for Android leaks password-related screen content through the Android task switcher card carousel, exposing sensitive information to local attackers with physical or remote access to the device. Affects Firefox for Android versions prior to 144. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but exploitation is trivial requiring only device access and standard OS features. CVSS 9.1 reflects the unauthenticated network attack vector, though real-world exploitation typically requires local device access, making the practical risk moderate for most threat models.

Mozilla Google Information Disclosure +1
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.1
HIGH PATCH This Week

Command injection via Firefox/Thunderbird 'Copy as cURL' feature on Windows allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands when users copy network requests as cURL commands and paste them into terminals. Affects Firefox <144, Firefox ESR <140.4, Thunderbird <144, and Thunderbird <140.4 exclusively on Windows platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but attack vector requires only user interaction (CVSS PR:N/UI:R) with no privileges needed.

Mozilla Information Disclosure Microsoft +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 6.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

Modify read-only JavaScript Object properties in Firefox and Thunderbird via crafted web content, allowing attackers to bypass property immutability protections and alter application state. Affects Firefox versions below 144, Firefox ESR below 115.29 and 140.4, Thunderbird below 144 and 140.4. Requires user interaction (malicious website visit) but no authentication. CVSS 6.5 reflects high integrity impact with user-interaction requirement; no evidence of active exploitation or public exploit code at time of analysis.

Mozilla Information Disclosure Thunderbird +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL PATCH Act Now

Information disclosure in Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird allows unauthenticated remote attackers to extract privileged browser process memory via malicious IPC messages from a compromised web content process. Affects Firefox <144, Firefox ESR <115.29 and <140.4, and Thunderbird <144 and <140.4. CVSS 9.8 indicates network-exploitable with no auth required, though actual exploitation requires first compromising a web content process. Vendor-released patches available (Firefox 144, Firefox ESR 115.29/140.4, Thunderbird 144/140.4). No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS data not provided.

Mozilla Information Disclosure Thunderbird +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.8
CRITICAL PATCH Act Now

Remote code execution in Mozilla Firefox (all versions prior to 144, ESR prior to 140.4) and Thunderbird (all versions prior to 144, ESR prior to 140.4) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary code, disclose sensitive information, or cause denial of service through a use-after-free vulnerability in MediaTrackGraphImpl::GetInstance(). With a critical CVSS score of 9.8 and no authentication required, this memory corruption flaw represents a severe security risk. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data not available to assess exploitation probability.

Memory Corruption Mozilla Use After Free +4
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.8
HIGH This Week

Session hijacking against Rolantis Information Technologies Agentis prior to version 4.44 is possible because the application fails to regenerate session identifiers across authentication state changes, letting a remote attacker who can lure a victim into using an attacker-supplied session token take over the authenticated session. CVSS 8.8 reflects full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact once hijacked, but no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not on the CISA KEV list.

Information Disclosure Session Fixation
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 3.3
LOW PATCH Monitor

Concurrent write access to AF_ALG cryptographic sockets in the Linux kernel corrupts internal socket state and interleaves cryptographic data in an unpredictable manner, undermining the integrity and availability of kernel crypto operations for local users. The flaw spans multiple stable kernel branches up to and including 6.17-rc4, with six upstream patch commits available. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; the Siemens SSA-019113 advisory confirms downstream impact on industrial and embedded Linux-based products.

Linux Information Disclosure
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 0.3
LOW POC Monitor

Weak cryptographic hash implementation in Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini firmware allows local attackers with low privileges to compromise password security through use of insecure encryption algorithms in the password handler. The vulnerability affects Furbo 360 up to firmware version FB0035_FW_036 and Furbo Mini up to MC0020_FW_074. Publicly available exploit code exists, though real-world exploitation requires physical device access and high technical complexity.

Information Disclosure Furbo Mini Firmware Furbo 360 Dog Camera Firmware
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 1.3
LOW POC Monitor

Information disclosure vulnerability in Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini dog cameras allows local network attackers to extract sensitive DeviceToken data via manipulation of GATT Service arguments. The attack requires high technical complexity and adjacency to the target network. Publicly available exploit code exists; however, the extremely low EPSS score (0.03%) and requirement for local network access and high attack complexity suggest limited real-world exploitation likelihood despite POC availability.

Information Disclosure Furbo Mini Firmware Furbo 360 Dog Camera Firmware
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.1
LOW POC Monitor

Improper access controls in the GATT Service of Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini dog cameras allow local network attackers to disclose sensitive information without authentication. Affected firmware versions are Furbo 360 up to FB0035_FW_036 and Furbo Mini up to MC0020_FW_074. Publicly available exploit code exists, though the low CVSS score of 2.1 and minimal EPSS (0.03%) reflect the local network-only attack vector and information disclosure impact.

Information Disclosure Furbo Mini Firmware Furbo 360 Dog Camera Firmware
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 0.9
LOW Monitor

Insecure storage of authentication tokens in Tomofun Furbo Mobile App for Android up to version 7.57.0a allows local attackers with physical device access to extract sensitive credential information from the device storage. The vulnerability affects the Authentication Token Handler component and has been publicly disclosed with exploit details available. Despite early vendor contact, no patch or remediation response has been provided by Tomofun.

Google Information Disclosure
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 0.3
LOW POC Monitor

Insecure storage of sensitive information in Tomofun Furbo 360 and Furbo Mini dog cameras via UART interface allows physical attackers to extract unencrypted credentials and private data from firmware versions Furbo 360 up to FB0035_FW_036 and Furbo Mini up to MC0020_FW_074. The vulnerability requires physical device access and high technical complexity but publicly available exploit code exists. Vendor did not respond to early disclosure notification.

Information Disclosure Furbo Mini Firmware Furbo 360 Dog Camera Firmware
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.9
LOW POC Monitor

Hard-coded cryptographic key in express-session component of code-projects Hospital Management System 1.0 allows remote attackers to bypass session security and disclose sensitive information. The vulnerability stems from use of a fixed secret parameter in the session middleware, enabling attackers to forge or predict session tokens. While a public exploit exists, the attack requires high complexity and difficult exploitation, reflected in the low CVSS 2.9 score and minimal EPSS probability (0.19%), suggesting limited real-world risk despite information disclosure impact.

Information Disclosure Hospital Management System
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.3
MEDIUM This Month

Unauthenticated attackers can access sensitive information through publicly exposed log files in the Code Quality Control Tool WordPress plugin versions 2.1 and earlier, due to inadequate access controls on the error_logger.php component. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to read potentially sensitive data without authentication or user interaction, presenting a confidentiality risk to WordPress installations using affected versions.

Information Disclosure WordPress
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 6.1
MEDIUM This Month

Authorization bypass and sensitive information disclosure in Usta Information Systems Inc. Aybs Interaktif allows a locally authenticated low-privilege user to access unauthorized data through forceful browsing, parameter injection, and input data manipulation. The vulnerability chain - CWE-639 (user-controlled key bypass) combined with CWE-862 (missing authorization) and CWE-200 (information disclosure) - permits manipulation of application parameters to circumvent access controls and retrieve sensitive records belonging to other users or restricted contexts. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV), and the EPSS score of 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates minimal observed exploitation pressure at time of analysis.

Information Disclosure
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 6.7
MEDIUM This Month

Privilege abuse and authentication bypass in Aybs Interaktif (by Usta Information Systems Inc.) expose high-confidentiality and high-integrity impacts to local attackers who require no prior privileges. The vulnerability cluster - spanning incorrect permission assignment, missing authorization, incorrect authorization, and sensitive data exposure (CWE-200) - enables an actor with local system access to bypass access controls, potentially reading sensitive resources and modifying data without authorization. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, but the Turkish National CERT (USOM) has issued advisory TR-25-0329 covering all versions from 2024 through build 28082025.

Information Disclosure Authentication Bypass
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 3.7
LOW Monitor

Information disclosure in HCL AION 2.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to bypass Content Security Policy due to missing trusted types enforcement. The weakness permits low-confidentiality data exposure via cross-origin window.opener access, but high attack complexity and a very low EPSS score (0.03%) indicate minimal practical risk. No public exploit or active exploitation is known.

Information Disclosure Aion
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 3.7
LOW Monitor

HCL AION 2.0 improperly caches sensitive SSL/HTTPS page content, allowing attackers or local users with device or browser access to retrieve cached credentials, system identifiers, and internal file paths. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 3.7 (low severity) due to high attack complexity and local/physical access requirements, with no public exploit or active exploitation confirmed.

Information Disclosure Aion
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.2
HIGH This Week

Content security policy bypass in HCL AION v2.0 enables inline script injection, allowing remote attackers to modify web page content and potentially access sensitive information via cross-site scripting. The vulnerability requires user interaction and has no authentication requirement; no active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been reported. EPSS probability is extremely low (0.04%), indicating negligible exploitation likelihood.

Information Disclosure Aion
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 3.7
LOW Monitor

Information disclosure in HCL AION 2.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access sensitive information via a high-complexity attack. No active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified, and EPSS score is very low (0.03%). The vulnerability affects only version 2.0.

Information Disclosure Aion
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 6.5
MEDIUM This Month

Session hijacking vulnerability in HCL AION 2.0 due to missing 'Secure' flag on SSL session cookies allows unauthenticated remote attackers to intercept cookies over unencrypted channels under specific network conditions. Successful exploitation can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive data and limited integrity impact. No evidence of active exploitation or public exploit code exists.

Information Disclosure Aion
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 3.7
LOW Monitor

HCL AION 2.0 exposes sensitive information to unauthorized actors via a high-complexity network attack. An unauthenticated attacker can remotely retrieve limited data without user interaction. No public exploit or active exploitation is known, and patch availability is unconfirmed.

Information Disclosure Aion
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.1
LOW POC Monitor

Insecure inherited permissions in Portabilis i-Educar up to version 2.9.10 allow authenticated remote attackers to escalate privileges through the User Type Handler component in AccessLevelController.php, potentially gaining unauthorized access to protected functionality. The vulnerability requires valid login credentials (PR:L) but carries low confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L). Publicly available exploit code exists, though EPSS score of 0.06% (19th percentile) suggests limited real-world exploitation despite public disclosure.

PHP Information Disclosure I Educar
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

A local privilege-boundary/state-handling flaw in the Linux kernel's TCP stack lets an unprivileged user leave a stale TCP Fast Open request socket (fastopen_rsk) attached to a socket after tcp_disconnect(), which the retransmit timer later dereferences. By abusing accept() → connect(AF_UNSPEC) → connect() on a server-side TFO socket before the 3-way handshake completes, an attacker drives the socket into TCP_ESTABLISHED while retaining fastopen_rsk, triggering a kernel WARNING in tcp_retransmit_timer() and a failed retransmission. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not in CISA KEV; it was found by syzbot and resolved upstream by calling reqsk_fastopen_remove() in tcp_disconnect().

Debian Linux Information Disclosure +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 1.1
LOW POC Monitor

Symlink following in DesktopCommanderMCP up to version 0.2.13 allows local authenticated attackers to read files outside intended directory boundaries through the isPathAllowed function in filesystem.ts. The vulnerability requires local access and authenticated user privileges, with high attack complexity and low exploitability difficulty despite public availability of proof-of-concept code. This affects only unsupported product versions and carries minimal real-world risk (CVSS 1.1, EPSS 0.02%), though the vendor acknowledges the issue as a guardrail limitation rather than a hardened security boundary.

Docker Information Disclosure Desktopcommandermcp
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.9
LOW POC Monitor

OpnForm versions up to 1.9.3 expose sensitive information through a timing-based discrepancy in the forgotten password handler endpoint (/api/password/email), allowing remote unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid email addresses or extract partial account information with high attack complexity. The vulnerability is rooted in a Laravel framework issue (Laravel #46465) for which the vendor has taken no mitigation action. Publicly available exploit code exists, though EPSS scoring (0.04%) indicates low real-world exploitation likelihood despite theoretical exploitability.

Information Disclosure Opnform
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.9
LOW POC PATCH Monitor

OpnForm versions up to 1.9.3 fail to properly restrict excessive authentication attempts when the X-Forwarded-For HTTP header is manipulated, allowing remote attackers to bypass rate-limiting controls. An attacker can exploit this by spoofing their source IP address through header manipulation to conduct brute-force attacks against user credentials without triggering account lockout mechanisms. Publicly available exploit code exists; however, the CVSS score of 2.9 and EPSS percentile of 35% indicate low real-world exploitation likelihood despite the public POC, suggesting this requires specific application configurations or deployment contexts to be practically exploitable.

Information Disclosure Opnform
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.1
LOW POC PATCH Monitor

Improper access controls in OpnForm versions up to 1.9.3 allow authenticated remote attackers to manipulate the /edit function, gaining unauthorized access to resources or functionality. The CVSS score of 2.1 reflects low severity due to authentication requirements and limited confidentiality impact, though the exploit has been publicly disclosed and an upstream patch is available. Real-world risk is minimal given the low EPSS score (0.03%, 8th percentile) despite public POC availability.

Information Disclosure Opnform
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.1
LOW Monitor

Information disclosure in kaifangqian-base's SysUserController.getAllUsers endpoint allows authenticated remote attackers to retrieve sensitive user data. The vulnerability affects the function up to commit 7b3faecda13848b3ced6c17c7423b76c5b47b8ab and requires login credentials (PR:L in CVSS 4.0), limiting exposure to authenticated users. Public exploit code exists, but the low CVSS score (2.1) and minimal EPSS percentile (8%) suggest limited real-world exploitation despite public availability.

Information Disclosure Java
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

An information leak vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's TIPC (Transparent Inter-Process Communication) subsystem within the tipc_topsrv_kern_subscr() function. The vulnerability occurs due to incomplete initialization of the sub.usr_handle field, leaving four bytes uninitialized when setsockopt() is called with SOL_TIPC options, allowing kernel memory contents to be leaked to user space. This affects Linux kernel versions including 6.1-rc1 and potentially others; while the EPSS score is extremely low at 0.01% percentile, the vulnerability requires local access and low privileges to trigger, making it a lower-priority but real information disclosure issue that has been patched by multiple vendors.

Linux Information Disclosure Linux Kernel +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

A memory leak vulnerability exists in the Linux kernel's test_firmware module initialization function (test_firmware_init) where allocated memory for test_fw_config->name is not properly freed when misc_register() fails. This affects all versions of the Linux kernel with the test_firmware module compiled, allowing local authenticated attackers to exhaust kernel memory and cause a denial of service. The vulnerability has a patch available from the Linux kernel maintainers, with an EPSS score of 0.01% indicating very low real-world exploitation probability despite the moderate CVSS score.

Linux Information Disclosure Linux Kernel +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 3.3
LOW PATCH Monitor

CVE-2022-50522 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 3.3). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Linux Information Disclosure Linux Kernel
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.3
MEDIUM This Month

WP Reset plugin for WordPress versions up to 2.05 expose sensitive license keys and site data through unauthenticated access to the WF_Licensing::log() method when debugging is enabled by default. Remote attackers can extract confidential information including license credentials without authentication, creating a direct pathway to account compromise and unauthorized access to site administration features. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed, but the low attack complexity and default dangerous configuration significantly elevate real-world risk.

WordPress Information Disclosure
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 4.3
MEDIUM This Month

Improper output encoding in Logo Cloud before version 2.57 enables phishing attacks by allowing injected or unescaped content to be rendered in the application context. The CVSS vector (PR:H/UI:R) narrows the realistic threat to authenticated high-privilege users who can introduce malicious output that is then presented to other users without proper sanitization. No active exploitation is confirmed - no CISA KEV listing and an EPSS score of 0.03% (10th percentile) both signal this is low-priority in the broader threat landscape.

Information Disclosure
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.9
LOW Monitor

Weak password requirements in Mangati NovoSGA up to version 2.2.12 allow remote attackers to bypass password policy validation during user account creation via manipulation of the Senha/Confirmação da senha (password/password confirmation) parameters on the /novosga.users/new endpoint. The vulnerability is difficult to exploit (CVSS AC:H) and offers only low confidentiality impact, but public exploit code is available and enables brute-force attacks against weak user credentials. EPSS score of 0.04% (percentile 12%) indicates limited real-world exploitation likelihood despite CVE publication.

Information Disclosure Brute Force
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.1
LOW Monitor

Mentor LMS up to version 1.1.1 allows permissive cross-domain policies with untrusted domains through an unspecified API component, enabling information disclosure via remote unauthenticated requests with user interaction. The CVSS 2.1 score reflects limited confidentiality impact; however, EPSS indicates very low real-world exploitation probability (0.02nd percentile), and the vulnerability requires user interaction, substantially limiting practical risk despite publicly available exploit code.

Information Disclosure
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.9
LOW Monitor

CRMEB up to version 5.6.1 uses a hard-coded cryptographic key in its JWT HMAC Secret Handler when the secret argument defaults to a known value, allowing remote attackers to forge JWT tokens and bypass authentication. Despite a low CVSS score of 2.9 reflecting high attack complexity, public exploit code exists and the vendor has not responded to disclosure. The practical impact depends on how JWT validation is implemented in the application stack.

Information Disclosure Crmeb
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 1.3
LOW POC Monitor

Frappe LMS 2.35.0 contains improper access controls in the Unpublished Course Handler component at the /courses/ endpoint that allows authenticated remote attackers to access unauthorized information. The vulnerability requires high attack complexity and authenticated access, limiting real-world exploitation despite publicly available exploit code. CVSS 1.3 and EPSS 0.04% (11th percentile) indicate low practical risk despite public POC availability.

Information Disclosure Learning
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.9
LOW POC Monitor

Information disclosure vulnerability in Frappe LMS 2.35.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to access sensitive assignment picture data through direct requests to the /files/ endpoint with high attack complexity. The vulnerability carries a CVSS score of 2.9 with low confidentiality impact, and publicly available exploit code exists, though real-world exploitation risk remains minimal given the high complexity requirement and low EPSS score of 0.04%.

Information Disclosure Learning
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.1
LOW Monitor

A security vulnerability in SeriaWei ZKEACMS (CVSS 5.4). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures.

Information Disclosure
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: jfs: fix invalid free of JFS_IP(ipimap)->i_imap in diUnmount syzbot found an invalid-free in diUnmount: BUG: KASAN: double-free in slab_free mm/slub.c:3661 [inline] BUG: KASAN:...

Information Disclosure Linux Google +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 4.7
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/ksm: fix race with VMA iteration and mm_struct teardown exit_mmap() will tear down the VMAs and maple tree with the mmap_lock held in write mode.

Race Condition Information Disclosure Linux +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmi_si: fix a memleak in try_smi_init() Kmemleak reported the following leak info in try_smi_init(): unreferenced object 0xffff00018ecf9400 (size 1024): comm "modprobe", pid...

Information Disclosure Linux Linux Kernel +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53610 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Linux Kernel +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM POC PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53609 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Risk factors: public PoC available. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Linux Kernel +2
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nilfs2: fix potential UAF of struct nilfs_sc_info in nilfs_segctor_thread() The finalization of nilfs_segctor_thread() can race with nilfs_segctor_kill_thread() which terminates...

Information Disclosure Linux Memory Corruption +4
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53606 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm: amd: display: Fix memory leakage This commit fixes memory leakage in dc_construct_ctx() function.

Information Disclosure Linux Amd +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

CVE-2023-53604 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 7.8). High severity vulnerability requiring prompt remediation. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: ath11k: fix memory leak in WMI firmware stats Memory allocated for firmware pdev, vdev and beacon statistics are not released during rmmod.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM POC PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53601 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Risk factors: public PoC available. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Google +3
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.1
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tunnels: fix kasan splat when generating ipv4 pmtu error If we try to emit an icmp error in response to a nonliner skb, we get BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in...

Buffer Overflow Information Disclosure Linux +3
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: fix mid leak during reconnection after timeout threshold When the number of responses with status of STATUS_IO_TIMEOUT exceeds a specified threshold (NUM_STATUS_IO_TIMEOUT),...

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drivers: base: Free devm resources when unregistering a device In the current code, devres_release_all() only gets called if the device has a bus and has been probed.

Information Disclosure Linux
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: driver core: fix resource leak in device_add() When calling kobject_add() failed in device_add(), it will call cleanup_glue_dir() to free resource.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53593 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53592 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5e: Fix deadlock in tc route query code Cited commit causes ABBA deadlock[0] when peer flows are created while holding the devcom rw semaphore.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53588 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 4.7
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: target: Fix multiple LUN_RESET handling This fixes a bug where an initiator thinks a LUN_RESET has cleaned up running commands when it hasn't.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53585 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: USB: Gadget: core: Help prevent panic during UVC unconfigure Avichal Rakesh reported a kernel panic that occurred when the UVC gadget driver was removed from a gadget's...

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: mvebu: fix irq domain leak Uwe Kleine-König pointed out we still have one resource leak in the mvebu driver triggered on driver detach.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: Fix an uninit variable access bug in qrtr_tx_resume() Syzbot reported a bug as following: ===================================================== BUG: KMSAN:...

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, cpumap: Make sure kthread is running before map update returns The following warning was reported when running stress-mode enabled xdp_redirect_cpu with some RT threads: ...

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.1
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: fix potential array out of bounds access Account for IWL_SEC_WEP_KEY_OFFSET when needed while verifying key_len size in iwl_mvm_sec_key_add().

Buffer Overflow Information Disclosure Linux +3
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53573 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5) that allows flat cache again. Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53571 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/zcrypt: don't leak memory if dev_set_name() fails When dev_set_name() fails, zcdn_create() doesn't free the newly allocated resources.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: qup: Don't skip cleanup in remove's error path Returning early in a platform driver's remove callback is wrong.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53563 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Amd +3
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/msm: fix vram leak on bind errors Make sure to release the VRAM buffer also in a case a subcomponent fails to bind.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing/histograms: Add histograms to hist_vars if they have referenced variables Hist triggers can have referenced variables without having direct variables fields.

Information Disclosure Linux Memory Corruption +4
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ip_vti: fix potential slab-use-after-free in decode_session6 When ip_vti device is set to the qdisc of the sfb type, the cb field of the sent skb may be modified during enqueuing.

Information Disclosure Linux Memory Corruption +4
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53558 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53557 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Canonical +3
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iavf: Fix use-after-free in free_netdev We do netif_napi_add() for all allocated q_vectors[], but potentially do netif_napi_del() for part of them, then kfree q_vectors and...

Information Disclosure Linux Memory Corruption +4
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 7.8
HIGH PATCH This Week

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/i915: mark requests for GuC virtual engines to avoid use-after-free References to i915_requests may be trapped by userspace inside a sync_file or dmabuf (dma-resv) and held...

Information Disclosure Linux Memory Corruption +4
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53550 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Amd
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ipset: Rework long task execution when adding/deleting entries When adding/deleting large number of elements in one step in ipset, it can take a reasonable amount of...

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53548 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Google +3
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53547 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Canonical +3
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: DR, fix memory leak in mlx5dr_cmd_create_reformat_ctx when mlx5_cmd_exec failed in mlx5dr_cmd_create_reformat_ctx, the memory pointed by 'in' is not released, which will...

Information Disclosure Linux Red Hat +2
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53545 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux Amd
NVD VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53542 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Samsung Information Disclosure Linux +3
NVD
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

CVE-2023-53540 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 5.5). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Information Disclosure Linux
NVD
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Quick Facts

Typical Severity
MEDIUM
Category
other
Total CVEs
67732

MITRE ATT&CK

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