Information Disclosure
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
How It Works
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security. This happens through multiple channels: verbose error messages that display stack traces revealing internal paths and frameworks, improperly secured debug endpoints left active in production, and misconfigured servers that expose directory listings or version control artifacts like .git folders. APIs often leak excessive data in responses—returning full user objects when only a name is needed, or revealing system internals through metadata fields.
Attackers exploit these exposures systematically. They probe for common sensitive files (.env, config.php, backup archives), trigger error conditions to extract framework details, and analyze response timing or content differences to enumerate valid usernames or resources. Even subtle variations—like "invalid password" versus "user not found"—enable account enumeration. Exposed configuration files frequently contain database credentials, API keys, or internal service URLs that unlock further attack vectors.
The attack flow typically starts with passive reconnaissance: examining HTTP headers, JavaScript bundles, and public endpoints for version information and architecture clues. Active probing follows—testing predictable paths, manipulating parameters to trigger exceptions, and comparing responses across similar requests to identify information leakage patterns.
Impact
- Credential compromise: Exposed configuration files, hardcoded secrets in source code, or API keys enable direct authentication bypass
- Attack surface mapping: Stack traces, framework versions, and internal paths help attackers craft targeted exploits for known vulnerabilities
- Data breach: Direct exposure of user data, payment information, or proprietary business logic through oversharing APIs or accessible backups
- Privilege escalation pathway: Internal URLs, service discovery information, and architecture details facilitate lateral movement and SSRF attacks
- Compliance violations: GDPR, PCI-DSS, and HIPAA penalties for exposing regulated data through preventable disclosures
Real-World Examples
A major Git repository exposure affected thousands of websites when .git folders remained accessible on production servers, allowing attackers to reconstruct entire source code histories including deleted commits containing credentials. Tools like GitDumper automated mass exploitation of this misconfiguration.
Cloud storage misconfigurations have repeatedly exposed sensitive data when companies left S3 buckets or Azure Blob containers publicly readable. One incident exposed 150 million voter records because verbose API error messages revealed the storage URL structure, and no authentication was required.
Framework debug modes left enabled in production have caused numerous breaches. Django's DEBUG=True setting exposed complete stack traces with database queries and environment variables, while Laravel's debug pages revealed encryption keys through the APP_KEY variable in environment dumps.
Mitigation
- Generic error pages: Return uniform error messages to users; log detailed exceptions server-side only
- Disable debug modes: Enforce production configurations that suppress stack traces, verbose logging, and debug endpoints through deployment automation
- Access control audits: Restrict or remove development artifacts (
.git, backup files,phpinfo()) and internal endpoints before deployment - Response minimization: API responses should return only necessary fields; implement allowlists rather than blocklists for data exposure
- Security headers: Deploy
X-Content-Type-Options, remove server version banners, and disable directory indexing - Timing consistency: Ensure authentication and validation responses take uniform time regardless of input validity
Recent CVEs (66662)
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's Views component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows a remote attacker to misrepresent security-critical browser interface elements through a crafted HTML page. Exploitation requires convincing a target user to perform specific UI gestures, making the attack conditional on social engineering. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; Google has released a patch as part of the stable channel update.
Incorrect security UI in Passwords in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Domain spoofing via incorrect security UI in Google Chrome's Document Picture-in-Picture feature on Android (prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows a remote attacker to deceive users about the origin of displayed content. By serving a crafted HTML page, an attacker can cause Chrome on Android to render a misleading security UI - misrepresenting the domain shown to the user. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, EPSS sits at 0.18% (8th percentile), and SSVC rates exploitation as none, making this a low operational priority despite its network-accessible attack vector.
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Input in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's TabStrip component prior to version 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker to misrepresent tab or page identity through a crafted HTML page, contingent on convincing the victim to perform specific UI gestures. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L) places real-world risk in the lower tier: high attack complexity, mandatory user interaction, and no confidentiality impact combine to limit practical exploitation. No public exploit code exists and CISA has not added this to the KEV catalog, consistent with Google's own Low severity classification.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's WebAppInstalls component on Windows (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker to misrepresent the browser interface by luring a user into performing specific UI interaction gestures on a crafted HTML page. The flaw is Windows-platform-specific and rooted in an inappropriate implementation of the Progressive Web App installation UI flow. Google rates this Low severity; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS data is not present in the provided intelligence, but the CVSS 4.2 score and required high-complexity user interaction significantly limit real-world risk.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome for iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker to manipulate browser interface elements via a crafted HTML page, provided the attacker can lure the victim into performing specific UI gestures. The root cause is insufficient validation of untrusted HTML input (CWE-20) within Chrome's iOS-specific rendering layer, resulting in low-integrity and low-availability impact. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and this vulnerability has not been added to the CISA KEV catalog; Chromium's own severity classification is Low.
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's Network component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) can be triggered by a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process, allowing browser UI elements to be faked via a crafted HTML page. This is a chained exploit - not a standalone flaw - requiring both prior renderer compromise and user interaction, which significantly constrains real-world risk. No public exploit code exists and no confirmed active exploitation has been recorded; EPSS at 0.18% (8th percentile) and Chromium's own 'Low' severity rating reinforce this assessment.
Inappropriate implementation in Autofill in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
UI spoofing via race condition in Google Chrome's History Embeddings component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables remote attackers to present falsified browser interface elements to users through a crafted HTML page. The flaw requires both high attack complexity - a precisely timed race window - and victim interaction, yielding only limited confidentiality and integrity impact with no code execution capability. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified; EPSS at 0.14% (4th percentile) and SSVC exploitation status of 'none' confirm extremely low real-world exploitation probability at time of analysis.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's WebXR component (all versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows remote attackers to misrepresent browser interface elements when a victim visits a crafted HTML page. The flaw stems from an inappropriate implementation in the WebXR Device API, enabling manipulation of what the user perceives as trusted UI - potentially obscuring origin indicators, security state, or page identity. No public exploit code exists and EPSS stands at 0.18% (8th percentile); CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact, placing this firmly in the lower-priority tier despite its network-accessible vector.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's WebAppInstalls component (prior to 150.0.7871.47) is reachable only after an attacker has already compromised the Chrome renderer process, making this a chained, post-exploitation capability rather than a standalone entry point. With a compromised renderer, the attacker can serve a crafted HTML page that bypasses insufficient input validation in WebAppInstalls to forge Chrome's native UI - potentially deceiving users into trusting malicious web app install prompts or dialogs. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) is confirmed; EPSS sits at 0.18% (8th percentile), consistent with the high prerequisite barrier and Chromium's own 'Low' severity rating.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's Omnibox (address bar) prior to version 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker to misrepresent origin or security indicators to a victim via a crafted HTML page. Rooted in CWE-451 (misrepresentation of critical security information), the flaw can enable phishing or origin-confusion attacks by deceiving users into trusting a false domain indicator. No public exploit code exists, CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none, and the EPSS score of 0.18% (8th percentile) confirms this is low-priority outside phishing-sensitive deployments.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome for Android (prior to 150.0.7871.47) via the PreviewTab feature allows remote attackers to misrepresent interface elements through a crafted HTML page. Successful exploitation requires high attack complexity - specifically, the attacker must convince a victim to perform particular UI gestures - limiting this to targeted rather than opportunistic attacks. No active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been identified; the Chromium security team rates this as Low severity, consistent with its constrained CVSS 4.2 score.
Inappropriate implementation in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Inappropriate implementation in Printing in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Domain spoofing in Google Chrome for Android (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows remote attackers to deceive users about the origin of a webpage by exploiting incorrect rendering of security-critical UI elements via a crafted HTML page. User interaction is required - the victim must navigate to the attacker-controlled page - and impact is limited to integrity (UI misrepresentation), with no direct confidentiality or availability consequences. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and EPSS of 0.17% at the 7th percentile reflects minimal real-world exploitation activity; Google itself rates this 'Low' severity.
Uninitialized memory use in Chrome's ANGLE graphics layer exposes potentially sensitive process memory contents to remote attackers who can entice a user to visit a crafted HTML page. The flaw affects all Chrome versions prior to 150.0.7871.47, with High confidentiality impact per CVSS despite Google's own Chromium severity rating of Low - a discrepancy suggesting practical extraction of meaningful data is constrained in real-world conditions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; a vendor patch has been released.
Omnibox (URL bar) spoofing in Google Chrome for iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker to display a fraudulent URL in the browser's address bar by delivering a crafted HTML page. The root cause is classified as CWE-451 (UI Misrepresentation of Critical Information), meaning the security UI fails to accurately reflect the true origin of displayed content - a condition that directly undermines phishing defenses. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.18% (8th percentile) indicates very low observed exploitation pressure, consistent with the Chromium team's own 'Low' severity rating.
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform arbitrary read/write via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Inappropriate implementation in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Type confusion in Chrome's Bluetooth stack on Windows (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables an adjacent-network attacker to exfiltrate sensitive data from Chrome process memory by presenting a malicious Bluetooth peripheral. The CVSS 6.5 score reflects high confidentiality impact but no integrity or availability exposure; notably, Chromium's internal security team rated this Low severity, suggesting the memory regions accessible are constrained. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis, and exploitation is physically bounded by Bluetooth range.
Cross-origin data leak in Google Chrome DevTools prior to version 150.0.7871.47 exposes sensitive information from foreign origins when a victim visits a crafted HTML page and performs attacker-directed UI gestures. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) confirms high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS of 0.18% at the 8th percentile - combined with Chromium's own 'Low' severity classification - signals limited real-world exploitation likelihood despite the Medium NVD score.
Memory disclosure via DevTools in Google Chrome on Windows (prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker to read sensitive process memory contents by delivering a crafted HTML page and manipulating the victim into performing specific UI gestures. The vulnerability is Windows-platform-exclusive and carries a Chromium-internal severity of Low, consistent with SSVC's assessment of no current exploitation and non-automatable delivery. No active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS C:H rating reflects meaningful confidentiality risk if successfully triggered.
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Inappropriate implementation in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a local attacker to perform UI spoofing via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Inappropriate implementation in Enterprise in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to obtain potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Inappropriate implementation in DarkMode in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome desktop before 150.0.7871.47 lets an attacker who has already compromised the renderer process bypass Mojo IPC policy enforcement and break out of the sandbox using a crafted HTML page. This is a second-stage flaw in the Mojo inter-process communication layer rather than an initial-access bug, and Google itself rated the Chromium security severity as Low despite the NVD CVSS of 9.6. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.17%, 7th percentile).
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Text in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome on macOS before 150.0.7871.47 lets a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process break out of the browser sandbox through a crafted HTML page. The root cause is insufficient policy enforcement in Chrome's macOS sandbox (CWE-693). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.17%, 7th percentile); Google's own Chromium security team rated the severity 'Low', which conflicts sharply with the CVSS 9.6 assigned by NVD.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's NetworkCache component affects all desktop versions prior to 150.0.7871.47, enabling remote attackers to read sensitive cached data belonging to other origins. Exploitation requires a victim to visit a specially crafted HTML page, placing this squarely in the browser-based phishing and malvertising threat model. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; an EPSS score of 0.17% (7th percentile) and Chromium's own Low severity classification indicate low immediate exploitation probability despite the Medium CVSS base score.
Inappropriate implementation in CSS in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome on macOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to break out of the browser sandbox via a crafted HTML page abusing the WebAppInstalls component. Chromium rated the underlying issue Low severity even though the CVSS base score is 9.6, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is 0.17% (7th percentile). The vulnerability is a second-stage primitive that requires prior renderer code execution, not a standalone drive-by.
Inappropriate implementation in Input in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome desktop versions prior to 150.0.7871.47 lets an attacker who has already compromised the renderer process break out of the browser sandbox and gain code execution on the host via a crafted HTML page. The flaw stems from insufficient policy enforcement in the browser process (CWE-20) and, while carrying a high CVSS base score of 9.6 due to the scope change, was rated only Low severity by Chromium because it is not independently exploitable. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS probability is very low (0.17%, 7th percentile).
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 enables an on-path network adversary to bypass Chrome's privacy policy enforcement and observe data belonging to a different origin via crafted malicious network traffic. The flaw is classified as CWE-693 (Protection Mechanism Failure), indicating Chrome's privacy isolation layer fails to correctly enforce cross-origin restrictions under certain network conditions. EPSS sits at 0.11% (2nd percentile), no public exploit code is known, and the vulnerability has not been added to CISA KEV; Chromium itself rates this Low severity.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the CameraCapture component of Google Chrome on ChromeOS (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) lets a remote attacker leak adjacent process memory when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.17%), but the flaw is marked automatable by CISA SSVC. Note a signal conflict: the NVD CVSS is 8.1 (high) while Google rates the Chromium security severity as Low.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's PopupBlocker component (all versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker who has already compromised the Chrome renderer process to manipulate browser UI elements through a crafted HTML page. The integrity impact is limited to UI deception - no code execution, credential theft, or availability impact is possible through this flaw alone. EPSS at 0.17% (7th percentile) and Chromium's own 'Low' severity rating align with the constrained exploit chain; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.
Uninitialized memory read in the Canvas API of Google Chrome on Android (prior to 150.0.7871.47) exposes potentially sensitive process memory contents to remote attackers. Exploitation requires luring a target to a crafted HTML page, after which the uninitialized Canvas buffer may leak memory from the renderer process. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; Chromium's own security team rates severity as Low despite the NVD CVSS score of 6.5.
CSS side-channel information leakage in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 enables remote attackers to exfiltrate cross-origin data by luring victims to a crafted HTML page. The CVSS vector rates confidentiality impact as High (C:H) with network access and no authentication required from the attacker, though user interaction is necessary. Despite the NVD Medium score of 6.5, Google's internal Chromium severity rating is Low, EPSS sits at just 0.17% (7th percentile), there is no KEV listing, and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis - signals that collectively indicate limited real-world exploitability.
Heap corruption in the Chromoting (Chrome Remote Desktop) component of Google Chrome before 150.0.7871.47 lets a remote attacker deliver malicious network traffic to a victim's active remote session, potentially corrupting heap memory and enabling arbitrary code execution in the browser process. All desktop Chrome installs using Chrome Remote Desktop below the fixed build are affected. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC records exploitation as none; EPSS is low at 0.16% (6th percentile), so this is a patch-during-normal-cycle item rather than an emergency.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's Storage component prior to version 150.0.7871.47 enables remote attackers to read data belonging to a different origin by exploiting a race condition triggered via a crafted HTML page. The Chromium security team internally rated this as Low severity - a notable contrast to the CVSS 6.5 score reflecting High confidentiality impact - suggesting the practical exploitation window or data exposure scope is constrained in real-world conditions. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.14% (4th percentile) confirms negligible observed exploitation activity.
Insufficient policy enforcement in Chrome's DevTools component allows a crafted malicious extension to read potentially sensitive data from process memory. Affected versions are all Google Chrome releases prior to 150.0.7871.47 on desktop platforms. An attacker must first persuade a victim to install the malicious extension, after which the extension can silently extract in-memory data - including session tokens, credentials, or page content resident in the Chrome process - without triggering further user interaction. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Inappropriate implementation in Select in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Side-channel information leakage in the WebAuthentication component of Google Chrome on iOS (prior to 150.0.7871.47) exposes cross-origin data to remote attackers via a crafted HTML page, requiring only that a victim visit attacker-controlled content. The CVSS Confidentiality:High rating reflects the category of cross-origin data exposure, while Chromium's own internal severity classification of Low and an EPSS score of 0.21% (11th percentile) both signal that practical exploitation is considered unlikely at scale. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing exists.
Inappropriate implementation in SplitView in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Side-channel information leakage via the WebAudio API in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 enables a remote attacker to extract cross-origin data from a victim's browser session through a crafted HTML page. The vulnerability abuses WebAudio's timing or spectral measurement capabilities to infer data that should be isolated by the Same-Origin Policy, exposing potentially sensitive cross-origin resources. No active exploitation has been confirmed (absent from CISA KEV), and the EPSS score of 0.17% at the 7th percentile reflects very low current exploitation probability; Chromium's own team rated the severity as Low despite the NVD's Medium (6.5) CVSS assignment.
Integer overflow in Chrome's WebNN (Web Neural Network API) component prior to version 150.0.7871.47 enables remote attackers to read potentially sensitive data from browser process memory by luring a user to a crafted HTML page. The attack requires no privileges and no special configuration, but mandates user interaction - the victim must navigate to a malicious page. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact, and Google itself assigned a Low Chromium severity, suggesting real-world impact is constrained by browser sandboxing despite the CVSS C:H rating.
Integer overflow in the WebNN component of Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to read potentially sensitive data from Chrome's process memory. Exploitation requires convincing a victim to visit a crafted HTML page, placing this in the class of user-interaction-dependent browser memory disclosure vulnerabilities. No public exploit code exists and CISA has not listed this in KEV; SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' and Chromium's own triage assigns 'Low' severity, suggesting the disclosed memory is constrained in practice.
Out-of-bounds read in Chrome's Chromecast component allows a local attacker to leak sensitive contents from the browser's process memory by delivering malicious network traffic to the affected subsystem. Affected versions are all Chrome releases prior to 150.0.7871.47 on desktop platforms. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, and Google's own severity rating is Low, though the CVSS confidentiality impact is scored High due to potential direct process memory exposure.
Process memory disclosure in Google Chrome's Views UI framework on ChromeOS allows a crafted extension, once installed by a user, to read potentially sensitive data from Chrome's process memory. All ChromeOS Chrome versions prior to 150.0.7871.47 are affected; desktop Chrome on Windows, macOS, and Linux is not confirmed in scope. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Chromium's own internal severity rating is Low - tempering the NVD CVSS 5.9 score - indicating Google's security team assessed limited practical exploitability.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 stems from insufficient policy enforcement in the Related-Website-Sets feature, enabling a remote attacker to read sensitive cross-origin data by delivering a crafted HTML page to a victim. The CVSS 6.5 score with High confidentiality impact reflects meaningful exposure potential, though Google internally rated this as Low severity and EPSS sits at 0.17% (7th percentile), suggesting limited real-world exploitation risk. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's Media component before version 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to break out of the sandbox using a crafted video file. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of untrusted input (CWE-20) and carries a scope-changing CVSS 3.1 score of 9.6, though Google rated the underlying Chromium severity as Low and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. EPSS is low at 0.16% (6th percentile), and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 150.0.7871.47 lets a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process break out of the browser sandbox by feeding crafted input to the Device Trust component via a malicious HTML page. NVD scores this 9.6 (Critical) while Google rates the Chromium security severity as Low, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS is very low at 0.17% (7th percentile), and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's Extensions subsystem (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker - who has first achieved renderer process compromise - to bypass same-origin policy enforcement and read cross-origin data via a specially crafted HTML page. The flaw is classified as CWE-346 (Origin Validation Error) and rated Low severity by the Chromium security team. EPSS is extremely low at 0.17% (7th percentile), no CISA KEV listing exists, and no public exploit code has been identified, consistent with the significant chained exploitation barrier imposed by the renderer-compromise prerequisite.
Uninitialized memory exposure in Google Chrome's GamepadAPI allows an attacker who has already achieved renderer process compromise to read potentially sensitive contents from process memory by serving a crafted HTML page that triggers the flaw. Affected versions are all Chrome releases prior to 150.0.7871.47. While the CVSS base score is 6.5 with high confidentiality impact, Chromium's own severity rating is Low, reflecting the significant prerequisite of prior renderer compromise that dramatically constrains real-world exploitability. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor patch is available.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's Passwords component prior to version 150.0.7871.47 enables remote attackers to exfiltrate credential-related or other sensitive cross-origin data by directing victims to a crafted HTML page. The root cause (CWE-693, Protection Mechanism Failure) represents a breakdown in the policy enforcement layer governing cross-origin access in the Passwords subsystem - a bypass of the isolation guarantees Chrome's same-origin model is meant to provide. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS of 0.17% (7th percentile) and the absence of a CISA KEV listing place real-world exploitation probability very low, and Chromium's own team rated the severity as Low despite the NVD CVSS 6.5 Medium score.
Memory disclosure in Google Chrome's GPU component (prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows an attacker who has already achieved renderer process compromise to extract potentially sensitive information from process memory via a crafted HTML page. The attack requires both user interaction and a pre-existing renderer compromise, making this a second-stage vulnerability most useful for ASLR bypass or credential harvesting within an exploit chain. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified; Google rates this as Low severity internally despite the NVD CVSS 5.3 Medium score.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's Network component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to exfiltrate cross-origin data via a specially crafted HTML page. This is a chained vulnerability - renderer-process compromise is a hard prerequisite, meaning real-world risk is substantially lower than the network-accessible CVSS vector implies. No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS sits at the 7th percentile (0.17%), consistent with limited exploitation interest. Google has released a fix in the stable channel update to 150.0.7871.47.
Inappropriate implementation in Isolated Web Apps in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's New Tab Page prior to 150.0.7871.47 allows an attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to break out of the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of untrusted input (CWE-20) and requires a pre-existing renderer foothold, making it a second-stage exploit rather than an initial-access vector. Google rated the Chromium severity as Low; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.17%, 7th percentile).
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's GPU process before 150.0.7871.47 lets a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process break out of the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. The flaw is a protection-mechanism failure (CWE-693) that Google patched in the June 2026 Stable channel update; Chromium rated its intrinsic severity Low because it is only useful as the second link in an exploit chain, and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. EPSS probability is low (0.17%, 7th percentile), consistent with a chained bug rather than a mass-exploitable entry point.
Inappropriate implementation in File Input in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
Omnibox (URL bar) spoofing in Google Chrome on Linux prior to 150.0.7871.47 is possible through an inappropriate SplitView implementation, allowing remote attackers to display false URLs to victims who are tricked into performing specific UI gestures on a crafted HTML page. This CWE-451 class flaw undermines browser trust indicators and enables phishing scenarios, though exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity and mandatory user interaction. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; a vendor patch is available in the stable channel release.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome for iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allows a remote attacker to misrepresent security indicators to users who are socially engineered into performing specific UI gestures on a crafted HTML page. The root cause is incorrect rendering of security UI elements (CWE-451), classified by the Chromium team as Low severity. No public exploit code exists and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, aligning with the modest CVSS 4.2 score and the high-complexity attack requirements.
UI spoofing via incorrect security rendering in Chrome's SplitView component allows a remote attacker to misrepresent security-critical UI elements to a victim running any Chrome version prior to 150.0.7871.47. The attacker must serve a crafted HTML page and successfully induce the victim into performing specific UI gestures, after which SplitView renders misleading security indicators - enabling phishing-class deception within a trusted browser context. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been confirmed; the Chromium team itself rated this Low severity, consistent with the CVSS 4.2 score and high attack complexity.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's Network component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker who has already achieved renderer process compromise to bypass same-origin policy protections and exfiltrate sensitive cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. This vulnerability functions as a second-stage exploit primitive within a chain - it does not enable initial access but extends the impact of an existing renderer compromise. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS of 0.21% (11th percentile) reflects low observed exploitation activity.
Cross-origin data leakage in Google Chrome's StorageAccessAPI (prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to read storage or cookie data belonging to other origins by delivering a crafted HTML page. This is a chained attack - the StorageAccessAPI policy bypass is the second stage of a multi-step compromise, not a standalone entry point. EPSS is very low (0.17%, 7th percentile), no active exploitation is confirmed in CISA KEV, and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's WebXR subsystem (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) is achievable by an attacker who has already compromised the renderer process, allowing manipulation of browser UI elements via a crafted HTML page. The vulnerability is a second-stage attack component, not a standalone entry point - exploitation chains through a separate renderer compromise before WebXR's insufficient input validation can be abused. EPSS at 0.17% (7th percentile) and no CISA KEV listing indicate minimal observed exploitation activity; patch is available as of Chrome 150.0.7871.47.
Cross-origin credential data leakage in Google Chrome's built-in Passwords feature (all versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) can be triggered remotely via a crafted HTML page requiring only user interaction. The flaw is rooted in an inappropriate implementation in Chrome's password management subsystem (CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials), allowing a remote attacker to read data across origin boundaries that should be strictly isolated. No public exploit code is identified and EPSS stands at 0.17% (7th percentile), indicating limited exploitation pressure at time of analysis; however, Chrome's ubiquitous deployment makes the aggregate exposure significant.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's Navigation component before 150.0.7871.47 lets a remote attacker who has already compromised the renderer process break out of the browser sandbox via a crafted HTML page. Rated Medium by Chromium but carries a 9.6 CVSS due to the scope-changing sandbox breach; EPSS is low (0.17%, 7th percentile) and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, indicating it is realistically a second-stage link in an exploit chain rather than a standalone remote-code path.
Cross-origin data exfiltration in Google Chrome's WebRTC subsystem on Windows allows remote attackers to leak sensitive data from other origins by directing victims to a specially crafted HTML page. All Chrome on Windows versions prior to 150.0.7871.47 are affected. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.17% (7th percentile) signals low near-term exploitation probability despite the CVSS High confidentiality impact - consistent with Chromium's own 'Medium' severity designation and the inherent timing-sensitivity of race condition attacks.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's Paint rendering component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables remote attackers to misrepresent browser interface elements through a specially crafted HTML page, with the victim's visit being the sole prerequisite. The CVSS vector confirms high integrity impact (I:H) with no confidentiality or availability exposure, consistent with CWE-451 misrepresentation of critical UI information rather than code execution. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS sits at the 7th percentile (0.17%), indicating very low near-term exploitation probability; a vendor patch is confirmed available in the Chrome stable channel.
UI spoofing in Google Chrome prior to version 150.0.7871.47 is caused by an inappropriate SVG rendering implementation, enabling remote attackers to visually misrepresent browser UI elements through a crafted HTML page. Exploitation requires user interaction - the victim must visit a malicious page - and the direct impact is limited to integrity via visual deception, with no confidentiality or availability consequence. No public exploit has been identified and the EPSS score of 0.17% (7th percentile) confirms minimal exploitation activity at time of analysis.
CSS side-channel information leakage in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 enables a remote attacker to read potentially sensitive data from the browser's process memory by inducing a victim to visit a specially crafted HTML page. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-1300 (Improper Protection of Physical Side Channels), indicating that observable rendering or timing behavior in Chrome's CSS engine can be exploited to infer in-memory state. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; however, the CVSS-assessed confidentiality impact is rated High, and Google has released a fix in Chrome stable channel version 150.0.7871.47.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the SurfaceCapture component of Google Chrome before 150.0.7871.47 lets a remote attacker leak adjacent heap memory when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. Chromium rated the flaw Medium severity, though the associated CVSS is 8.1; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS estimates exploitation probability at just 0.17% (7th percentile), consistent with a browser bug fixed pre-disclosure. Successful exploitation could disclose sensitive in-process data or crash the renderer, and typically serves as one link in a larger sandbox-escape chain rather than standalone compromise.
Uninitialized memory use in Chrome's codec subsystem on Windows leaks process memory contents to remote attackers who can direct a user to a crafted HTML page. All Chrome versions prior to 150.0.7871.47 on Windows are affected; exploitation requires no authentication but does require the victim to visit attacker-controlled content, placing this in the drive-by browsing threat category. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Google has released a confirmed fix in stable channel 150.0.7871.47.
Inappropriate implementation in Passwords in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Uninitialized memory read in Google Chrome's WebXR subsystem on Android (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) enables remote attackers to leak sensitive contents from process memory by inducing a victim to visit a crafted HTML page. The root cause is CWE-457 (use of an uninitialized variable) within the WebXR implementation, meaning memory buffers are consumed before being properly zeroed or assigned, exposing whatever residual data the process held. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS C:H rating reflects the potential for meaningful data exposure including in-memory credentials, tokens, or browsing context.
Inappropriate implementation in CSS in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
UI spoofing in Google Chrome's Geolocation implementation allows an attacker who has already compromised the renderer process to present misleading geolocation-related interface elements to the user via a crafted HTML page. Affected versions are all Chrome releases prior to 150.0.7871.47. The integrity impact is rated High (CVSS I:H) because the spoofed UI can deceive users into granting or believing geolocation permissions under false pretenses; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists, and the 0.17% EPSS score (7th percentile) reflects low observed exploitation probability.
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to perform UI spoofing via a crafted Chrome Extension. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
UI spoofing via the File Input security indicator in Google Chrome on macOS allows a remote attacker to misrepresent security-critical interface elements when a user visits a crafted HTML page and performs specific UI gestures. Affected are all Chrome for Mac builds prior to 150.0.7871.47. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; combined with the high attack complexity and required user interaction, real-world exploitation at scale is unlikely without a targeted social engineering component.
UI spoofing in the Extensions component of Google Chrome on Android (prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows a remote attacker to misrepresent security UI elements by luring a victim into performing specific UI gestures on a crafted HTML page. The root cause (CWE-451) is incorrect rendering of security-critical extension UI, potentially misleading users about which extensions are active or what permissions they hold. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the vendor has released a patch in the stable channel update.
Inappropriate implementation in Permissions in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Autofill in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Inappropriate implementation in Credential Management in Google Chrome on Android prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Domain spoofing in Google Chrome's WebAppInstalls component (versions prior to 150.0.7871.47) allows remote attackers to misrepresent the security origin displayed to a user, enabling phishing or social engineering attacks. Exploitation requires convincing the victim to perform specific UI gestures while visiting a crafted HTML page, placing this in a moderate-complexity social engineering category. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vendor has released a patch in Chrome 150.0.7871.47.