Denial of Service
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
How It Works
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions. Attackers exploit asymmetry: minimal attacker effort produces disproportionate resource consumption on the target. Application-level attacks use specially crafted inputs that trigger expensive operations—a regex engine processing malicious patterns can backtrack exponentially, or XML parsers recursively expand entities until memory exhausts. Network-level attacks flood targets with connection requests or amplify traffic through reflection, but application vulnerabilities often provide the most efficient attack surface.
The attack typically begins with reconnaissance to identify resource-intensive operations or unprotected endpoints. For algorithmic complexity attacks, adversaries craft inputs hitting worst-case performance—hash collision inputs filling hash tables with collisions, deeply nested JSON triggering recursive parsing, or pathological regex patterns like (a+)+b against strings of repeated 'a' characters. Resource exhaustion attacks open thousands of connections, upload massive files to unbounded storage, or trigger memory leaks through repeated operations. Crash-based attacks target error handling gaps: null pointer dereferences, unhandled exceptions in parsers, or assertion failures that terminate processes.
Impact
- Service unavailability preventing legitimate users from accessing applications during attack duration
- Revenue loss from downtime in e-commerce, SaaS platforms, or transaction processing systems
- Cascading failures as resource exhaustion spreads to dependent services or database connections pool out
- SLA violations triggering financial penalties and damaging customer trust
- Security team distraction providing cover for data exfiltration or intrusion attempts running concurrently
Real-World Examples
CVE-2018-1000544 in Ruby's WEBrick server allowed ReDoS through malicious HTTP headers containing specially crafted patterns that caused the regex engine to backtrack exponentially, freezing request processing threads. A single attacker could saturate all available workers.
Cloudflare experienced a global outage in 2019 when a single WAF rule containing an unoptimized regex hit pathological cases on legitimate traffic spikes. The .*(?:.*=.*)* pattern exhibited catastrophic backtracking, consuming CPU cycles across their edge network until the rule was disabled.
CVE-2013-1664 demonstrated XML bomb vulnerabilities in Python's XML libraries. Attackers uploaded XML documents with nested entity definitions-each entity expanding to ten copies of the previous level. A 1KB upload could expand to gigabytes in memory during parsing, crashing applications instantly.
Mitigation
- Strict input validation enforcing size limits, complexity bounds, and nesting depth restrictions before processing
- Request rate limiting per IP address, API key, or user session with exponential backoff
- Timeout enforcement terminating operations exceeding reasonable execution windows (typically 1-5 seconds)
- Resource quotas limiting memory allocation, CPU time, and connection counts per request or tenant
- Regex complexity analysis using linear-time algorithms or sanitizing patterns to eliminate backtracking
- Circuit breakers automatically rejecting requests when error rates or latency thresholds indicate degradation
- Load balancing and autoscaling distributing traffic across instances with automatic capacity expansion
Recent CVEs (36895)
Use after free in Windows Message Queuing allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
Allocation of resources without limits or throttling in Windows DirectX allows an authorized attacker to deny service over a network. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 14.9% and no vendor patch available.
Use after free in Remote Access Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) EAP-TLS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use after free in Desktop Windows Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use after free in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.9-alpha1, 2.4.8-p1, 2.4.7-p6, 2.4.6-p11, 2.4.5-p13, 2.4.4-p14 and earlier are affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could lead to application. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Illustrator versions 28.7.8, 29.6.1 and earlier are affected by a Use After Free vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Illustrator versions 28.7.8, 29.6.1 and earlier are affected by a NULL Pointer Dereference vulnerability that could lead to application denial-of-service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor for some Edge Orchestrator software before version 24.11.1 for Intel(R) Tiber(TM) Edge Platform may allow an authenticated user to. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.1). No vendor patch available.
Uncontrolled resource consumption for some Edge Orchestrator software before version 24.11.1 for Intel(R) Tiber(TM) Edge Platform may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable denial of. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
Uncontrolled resource consumption for some Edge Orchestrator software before version 24.11.1 for Intel(R) Tiber(TM) Edge Platform may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Uncontrolled resource consumption in the Linux kernel-mode driver for some Intel(R) 700 Series Ethernet before version 2.28.5 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Uncontrolled resource consumption in the Linux kernel-mode driver for some Intel(R) 700 Series Ethernet before version 2.28.5 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Uncontrolled resource consumption for some Edge Orchestrator software before version 24.11.1 for Intel(R) Tiber(TM) Edge Platform may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Protection mechanism failure in the Intel(R) Graphics Driver for the Intel(R) Arc(TM) B-Series graphics before version 32.0.101.6737 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Protection mechanism failure for some Edge Orchestrator software before version 24.11.1 for Intel(R) Tiber(TM) Edge Platform may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NULL pointer dereference for some Intel(R) Graphics Drivers may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Improper access control for some Device Plugins for Kubernetes software maintained by Intel before version 0.32.0 may allow a privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.7), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Improper input validation in some firmware for the Intel(R) E810 Ethernet before version 4.6 may allow a privileged user to enable denial of service via local access. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Integer overflow or wraparound in the Linux kernel-mode driver for some Intel(R) 800 Series Ethernet before version 1.17.2 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Missing reference to active allocated resource for some Intel(R) Xeon(R) processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Improper conditions check for some Intel(R) PROSet/Wireless WiFi Software for Windows before version 23.110.0.5 may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via adjacent. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Untrusted Pointer Dereference for some Intel(R) QuickAssist Technology software before version 2.5.0 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Missing release of memory after effective lifetime in the UEFI OobRasMmbiHandlerDriver module for some Intel(R) reference server platforms may allow a privileged user to enable denial of service via. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.6). No vendor patch available.
Uncontrolled recursion for some TinyCBOR libraries maintained by Intel(R) before version 0.6.1 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via local access. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.1). No vendor patch available.
Hydra is a continuous integration service for Nix based projects. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability could allow attackers to access critical functionality without authentication.
XEE in Ivanti Connect Secure before 22.7R2.8 or 22.8R2, Ivanti Policy Secure before 22.7R1.5, Ivanti ZTA Gateway before 22.8R2.3-723 and Ivanti Neurons for Secure Access before 22.8R1.4 (Fix deployed. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A heap-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before 22.7R2.8 or 22.8R2, Ivanti Policy Secure before 22.7R1.5, Ivanti ZTA Gateway before 22.8R2.3-723 and Ivanti Neurons for Secure Access. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A buffer over-read vulnerability in Ivanti Connect Secure before 22.7R2.8 or 22.8R2, Ivanti Policy Secure before 22.7R1.5, Ivanti ZTA Gateway before 2.8R2.3-723 and Ivanti Neurons for Secure Access. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
EDK2 contains a vulnerability in BIOS where a user may cause an Integer Overflow or Wraparound by network means. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
APTIOV contains a vulnerability in BIOS where a skilled user may cause “Race Condition” by local access. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC Traffic Analyzer (6GK8822-1BG01-0BA0) (All versions < V3.0). Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been identified in SIPROTEC 5 6MD84 (CP300) (All versions < V10.0), SIPROTEC 5 6MD85 (CP300) (All versions >= V7.80 < V10.0), SIPROTEC 5 6MD86 (CP300) (All versions >= V7.80 <. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.4), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC RTLS Locating Manager (All versions < V3.3). Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been identified in SIPROTEC 4 6MD61 (All versions), SIPROTEC 4 6MD63 (All versions), SIPROTEC 4 6MD66 (All versions), SIPROTEC 4 6MD665 (All versions), SIPROTEC 4 7SA522 (All. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A Denial Of Service via File Upload (DOS) vulnerability in the Liferay Portal 7.4.3.0 through 7.4.3.132, and Liferay DXP 2025.Q1.0 through 2025.Q1.8, 2024.Q4.0 through 2024.Q4.7, 2024.Q3.0 through. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Mattermost Confluence Plugin version <1.5.0 fails to handle unexpected request body which allows attackers to crash the plugin via constant hit to create channel subscription endpoint with an invalid. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Mattermost Confluence Plugin version <1.5.0 fails to handle unexpected request body which allows attackers to crash the plugin via constant hit to server webhook endpoint with an invalid request body. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
Mattermost Confluence Plugin version <1.5.0 fails to handle unexpected request body which allows attackers to crash the plugin via constant hit to server webhook endpoint with an invalid request body. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
Mattermost Confluence Plugin version <1.5.0 fails to handle unexpected request body which allows attackers to crash the plugin via constant hit to update channel subscription endpoint with an invalid. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The YugabyteDB tablet server contains a flaw in its YCQL query handling that can trigger a null pointer dereference when processing certain malformed inputs. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.1). No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability was determined in NASM Netwide Assember 2.17rc0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been found in NASM Netwide Assember 2.17rc0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
A vulnerability was identified in JasPer up to 4.2.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
A vulnerability was determined in JasPer up to 4.2.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
A vulnerability was found in JasPer up to 4.2.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
in OpenHarmony v5.0.3 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in tcb through use after free. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
in OpenHarmony v5.0.3 and prior versions allow a local attacker case DOS through NULL pointer dereference. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
in OpenHarmony v5.0.3 and prior versions allow a local attacker arbitrary code execution in tcb through use after free. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability was determined in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
A vulnerability was found in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
A vulnerability has been found in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
A vulnerability was determined in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
A vulnerability was found in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
A vulnerability has been found in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
A vulnerability was identified in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
oak is a middleware framework for Deno's native HTTP server, Deno Deploy, Node.js 16.5 and later, Cloudflare Workers and Bun. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Possible memory leak or kernel exceptions caused by reading kernel heap data after free or NULL pointer dereference kernel exception. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in GNU cflow up to 1.8. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability was found in Open5GS up to 2.7.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
A null pointer dereference vulnerability exists in GStreamer's subparse plugin, specifically in the tmplayer_parse_line function when processing malformed subtitle files. This affects GStreamer through version 1.26.1 and can be triggered by an unauthenticated attacker over the network with moderate complexity, resulting in application crash (denial of service) and potential information disclosure. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available, but the EPSS score of 0.09% (25th percentile) indicates relatively low real-world exploitation probability despite POC availability.
A NULL pointer dereference vulnerability exists in GStreamer's subparse plugin, specifically in the subrip_unescape_formatting function, which can crash applications when processing maliciously crafted or malformed subtitle files. GStreamer versions through 1.26.1 are affected, and the vulnerability is exploitable through local attack vectors requiring user interaction to open a subtitle file. A public proof-of-concept is available, though the low EPSS score of 0.03% (7th percentile) suggests limited real-world exploitation likelihood despite the availability of exploit code.
GStreamer's subparse plugin contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the parse_subrip_time function that allows attackers to write data past buffer boundaries, resulting in application crashes and potential information disclosure. Affected versions through 1.26.1 are vulnerable when processing specially crafted subtitle files. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, and while the EPSS score of 0.07% suggests low exploitation probability overall, the availability of working exploit code elevates practical risk for systems processing untrusted subtitle content.
Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to an infinite loop when sending packets containing RETIRE_CONNECTION_ID frames. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
openjpeg v 2.5.0 was discovered to contain a NULL pointer dereference via the component /openjp2/dwt.c. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use after free in Cast in Google Chrome prior to 139.0.7258.66 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use after free in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 139.0.7258.66 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted Chrome Extension. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
SuiteCRM is an open-source, enterprise-ready Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software application. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Middleware causes a prohibitive amount of heap allocations when processing malicious preflight requests that include a Access-Control-Request-Headers (ACRH) header whose value contains many commas. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux and the Tensor RT backend contain a vulnerability where an attacker could cause an underflow by a specific model configuration and a specific. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.4), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where a user could cause a memory allocation with excessive size value, leading to a segmentation fault, by providing an. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause an integer overflow through specially crafted inputs. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause an integer overflow through a specially crafted input. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause uncontrolled recursion through a specially crafted input. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where a user could cause an integer overflow or wraparound, leading to a segmentation fault, by providing an invalid. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where a user could cause an integer overflow or wraparound, leading to a segmentation fault, by providing an invalid. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where multiple requests could cause a double free when a stream is cancelled before it is processed. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where a user could cause a divide by zero issue by issuing an invalid request. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability in the Python backend, where an attacker could cause an out-of-bounds write by sending a request. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability in the Python backend, where an attacker could cause an out-of-bounds write. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server contains a vulnerability in the HTTP server, where an attacker could start a reverse shell by sending a specially crafted HTTP request. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause a stack overflow through specially crafted HTTP requests. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
NVIDIA Triton Inference Server for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause stack buffer overflow by specially crafted inputs. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability exists in the Hugging Face Transformers library, specifically in the `convert_tf_weight_name_to_pt_weight_name()` function. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Vision UI is a collection of enterprise-grade, dependency-free modules for modern web projects. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub Mastodon which facilitates LDAP configuration for authentication. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Allocation of Resources Without Limits vulnerability could allow attackers to exhaust system resources through uncontrolled allocation.
FPDI is a collection of PHP classes that facilitate reading pages from existing PDF documents and using them as templates in FPDF. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Fiber is an Express inspired web framework written in Go. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.