Authentication Bypass
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
How It Works
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications. Instead of cracking passwords through brute force, attackers manipulate the authentication process itself to gain unauthorized entry. This typically occurs through one of several pathways: exploiting hardcoded credentials embedded in source code or configuration files, manipulating parameters in authentication requests to skip verification steps, or leveraging broken session management that fails to properly validate user identity.
The attack flow often begins with reconnaissance to identify authentication endpoints and their underlying logic. Attackers may probe for default administrative credentials that were never changed, test whether certain URL paths bypass login requirements entirely, or intercept and modify authentication tokens to escalate privileges. In multi-step authentication processes, flaws in state management can allow attackers to complete only partial verification steps while still gaining full access.
More sophisticated variants exploit single sign-on (SSO) or OAuth implementations where misconfigurations in trust relationships allow attackers to forge authentication assertions. Parameter tampering—such as changing a "role=user" field to "role=admin" in a request—can trick poorly designed systems into granting elevated access without proper verification.
Impact
- Complete account takeover — attackers gain full control of user accounts, including administrative accounts, without knowing legitimate credentials
- Unauthorized data access — ability to view, modify, or exfiltrate sensitive information including customer data, financial records, and intellectual property
- System-wide compromise — admin-level access enables installation of backdoors, modification of security controls, and complete infrastructure takeover
- Lateral movement — bypassed authentication provides a foothold for moving deeper into networks and accessing additional systems
- Compliance violations — unauthorized access triggers breach notification requirements and regulatory penalties
Real-World Examples
CrushFTP suffered a critical authentication bypass allowing attackers to access file-sharing functionality without any credentials. The vulnerability enabled direct server-side template injection, leading to remote code execution on affected systems. Attackers actively exploited this in the wild to establish persistent access to enterprise file servers.
Palo Alto's Expedition migration tool contained a flaw permitting attackers to reset administrative credentials without authentication. This allowed complete takeover of the migration environment, potentially exposing network configurations and security policies being transferred between systems.
SolarWinds Web Help Desk (CVE-2024-28987) shipped with hardcoded internal credentials that could not be changed through normal administrative functions. Attackers discovering these credentials gained full administrative access to helpdesk systems containing sensitive organizational information and user data.
Mitigation
- Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) — requires attackers to compromise additional verification factors beyond bypassed primary authentication
- Eliminate hardcoded credentials — use secure credential management systems and rotate all default credentials during deployment
- Enforce authentication on all endpoints — verify every request requires valid authentication; no "hidden" administrative paths should exist
- Implement proper session management — use cryptographically secure session tokens, validate on server-side, enforce timeout policies
- Apply principle of least privilege — limit damage by ensuring even authenticated users only access necessary resources
- Regular security testing — conduct penetration testing specifically targeting authentication logic and flows
Recent CVEs (37458)
Unauthenticated attackers can bypass authentication controls in NooTheme Jobica Core through an alternate access path, affecting versions up to 1.4.2. This critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) enables attackers to gain unauthorized access without credentials or user interaction. No patch is currently available.
Unauthenticated access control bypass in Aarsiv Groups' a2z-fedex-shipping WordPress plugin (versions ≤5.1.8) allows remote attackers to exploit incorrectly configured authorization checks, enabling unauthorized viewing, modification, or disruption of FedEx shipping data and label generation. The vulnerability is categorized as automatable with partial technical impact per SSVC framework, though EPSS scoring indicates low observed exploitation probability (0.02%, 4th percentile). Patchstack reported this CWE-862 missing authorization flaw; no active exploitation confirmed via CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Authentication bypass in Tutor LMS Pro WordPress plugin (versions through 3.9.4) allows remote attackers to abuse authentication mechanisms via alternate paths, potentially gaining unauthorized administrative access. CVSS 8.1 reflects high attack complexity (AC:H) requiring specific conditions, yet successful exploitation grants complete system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). EPSS probability of 0.02% (6th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation activity. No active exploitation confirmed by CISA KEV. SSVC framework classifies this as non-automatable with total technical impact, making it a priority for organizations running this WordPress LMS plugin despite low real-world exploitation signals.
A missing authorization vulnerability exists in Arni Cinco WPCargo Track & Trace WordPress plugin through version 8.0.2, where incorrectly configured access control allows attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms and exploit sensitive functionality. This broken access control flaw (CWE-862) affects all installations of the plugin up to and including version 8.0.2, enabling unauthenticated or low-privileged attackers to access resources or perform actions they should not be permitted to execute. The vulnerability was reported by Patchstack and has been tracked under ENISA EUVD ID EUVD-2026-15715.
A Missing Authorization vulnerability (CWE-862) exists in CoderPress Commerce Coinbase For WooCommerce plugin versions up to and including 1.6.6, allowing attackers to bypass access control mechanisms and perform unauthorized actions through incorrectly configured security levels. An attacker can exploit this broken access control to manipulate commerce functions or access restricted administrative features without proper authentication. No CVSS score, EPSS data, or active KEV status is currently available, but the vulnerability was reported by Patchstack and assigned EUVD ID EUVD-2026-15707.
Authentication bypass in Ultimate Membership Pro WordPress plugin versions through 13.7 enables remote attackers to circumvent access controls via alternate authentication paths, potentially achieving complete account takeover. Attack complexity is rated high (AC:H) but requires no authentication or user interaction. EPSS score is low (0.02%, 6th percentile) indicating minimal observed exploitation activity. No active exploitation confirmed by CISA KEV at time of analysis. SSVC framework rates technical impact as total with exploitation status of none.
A missing authorization vulnerability exists in the Print Invoice & Delivery Notes for WooCommerce plugin (tychesoftwares) through version 5.9.0, allowing attackers to exploit incorrectly configured access control to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to sensitive functionality. The vulnerability is classified as a broken access control issue (CWE-862) affecting all versions up to and including 5.9.0. Attackers can leverage this flaw to access restricted operations without proper authorization, potentially exfiltrating invoice and delivery note data or manipulating order information.
A missing authorization vulnerability in PublishPress Authors plugin versions up to 4.10.1 allows attackers to exploit incorrectly configured access control security levels, potentially bypassing authentication mechanisms. This vulnerability affects WordPress installations using the PublishPress Authors plugin and could enable unauthorized users to perform actions they should not be permitted to execute. The vulnerability is classified as an authentication bypass issue with CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), though specific CVSS scoring and exploitation data are not yet published.
Contest Gallery through version 28.1.2.2 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to abuse alternate authentication paths and gain unauthorized access to the application. With a CVSS score of 9.8 and no patch currently available, this critical vulnerability poses an immediate risk to all affected installations.
A missing authorization vulnerability exists in RadiusTheme Team plugin (versions up to 5.0.11) that allows attackers to exploit incorrectly configured access control security levels. This broken access control issue (CWE-862) enables unauthorized users to access or manipulate resources they should not have permission to access. The vulnerability affects the WordPress plugin tlp-team and has been documented by Patchstack as an authentication bypass vector, though no CVSS score, EPSS probability, or KEV status is currently available to assess active exploitation.
This vulnerability is an authentication bypass in the ThimPress LearnPress Sepay Payment plugin for WordPress that allows attackers to abuse authentication mechanisms through alternate paths or channels. The vulnerability affects LearnPress Sepay Payment versions up to and including 4.0.0. An attacker exploiting this flaw could bypass normal authentication controls to gain unauthorized access to the learning platform, potentially accessing student accounts, course content, or administrative functions without valid credentials.
A missing authorization vulnerability in the WordPress News Magazine X theme (versions up to 1.2.50) allows attackers to bypass access control mechanisms and exploit incorrectly configured security levels. This broken access control issue, classified under CWE-862, enables unauthorized users to access restricted functionality or resources that should require proper authentication or authorization. The vulnerability affects all installations of News Magazine X theme through version 1.2.50, and remediation requires immediate theme updates to patched versions.
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in WP Swings Subscriptions for WooCommerce plugin versions up to and including 1.8.10, allowing attackers to manipulate input data to spoof authentication credentials and bypass access controls. This vulnerability affects WordPress installations using the affected plugin and could allow unauthenticated attackers to gain unauthorized access to subscription management functionality. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the vulnerability has been documented by Patchstack and assigned EUVD-2026-15568, indicating active tracking by European vulnerability databases.
The Grid WordPress plugin versions prior to 2.8.0 contain a missing authorization vulnerability (CWE-862) that allows attackers to exploit incorrectly configured access control security levels. This broken access control flaw enables unauthorized users to bypass authentication mechanisms and access functionality or data they should not have permission to reach. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the vulnerability has been documented by Patchstack and assigned ENISA EUVD ID EUVD-2026-15563, indicating active tracking by vulnerability databases.
A missing authorization vulnerability exists in the loopus WP Cost Estimation & Payment Forms Builder WordPress plugin (versions prior to 10.3.0) that allows attackers to bypass access controls and exploit incorrectly configured security levels. The vulnerability, classified as CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), enables unauthorized users to access or manipulate form data and cost estimation functionality that should be restricted. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, the authentication bypass nature of this vulnerability and its inclusion in vulnerability databases like ENISA EUVD-2026-15559 suggests moderate-to-high real-world exploitability.
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in Dokan (Dokan, Inc.) dokan-lite plugin versions through 4.2.4 that allows attackers to abuse authentication mechanisms via an alternate path or channel, potentially gaining unauthorized access without valid credentials. This issue affects the popular WordPress e-commerce plugin used by multivendor marketplace sites. The vulnerability has been identified by Patchstack and tracked under EUVD-2026-15555, though CVSS scoring and active exploitation data are not yet available.
A missing authorization vulnerability exists in WPFactory's Helpdesk Support Ticket System for WooCommerce plugin (versions up to 2.1.2) that allows attackers to exploit incorrectly configured access control security levels to bypass authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability, classified as CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), enables unauthorized access to sensitive helpdesk support ticket functionality through broken access control. This affects WordPress installations using the vulnerable plugin, potentially exposing customer support interactions and sensitive information handled through the ticketing system.
A missing authorization vulnerability exists in BlueGlass Interactive AG's Jobs for WordPress plugin (versions up to 2.8) that allows attackers to bypass access control mechanisms through incorrectly configured security levels. This vulnerability (CWE-862: Missing Authorization) could permit unauthenticated or low-privileged attackers to access job posting functionality intended to be restricted to authorized users. While no CVSS score, EPSS data, or confirmed public exploit has been published, the straightforward nature of authorization bypass flaws and the plugin's widespread WordPress deployment make this a moderate-to-high priority for administrators managing job posting systems.
An access control vulnerability exists in Kiteworks Core versions 9.2.0 and 9.2.1 that allows authenticated users to access unauthorized content within the private data network. With a CVSS score of 8.8 (High), an attacker with low-level authenticated access can potentially access, modify, or delete sensitive data they should not have permissions to view. No public proof-of-concept or active exploitation (KEV listing) has been reported at this time.
Improper state management in Apple's authentication mechanisms across iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, visionOS, and watchOS allows attackers positioned on a network to intercept and potentially manipulate encrypted traffic. An attacker with privileged network access can exploit this vulnerability to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks without user interaction, compromising the confidentiality of communications. No patch is currently available for this high-severity flaw.
A permissions enforcement vulnerability in Apple's operating systems allows applications to bypass access controls and read protected user data without proper authorization. The issue affects iOS and iPadOS versions prior to 26.3, and macOS Tahoe prior to 26.3. An attacker with a malicious app could exploit insufficient permission restrictions to access sensitive user information such as contacts, location data, photos, or other protected resources that should require explicit user consent.
A privacy vulnerability in macOS allows applications to capture a user's screen through improper handling of temporary files. The issue affects macOS Sequoia versions prior to 15.7.4 and macOS Tahoe versions prior to 26.3, enabling unauthorized screen capture by malicious or compromised applications. This vulnerability represents an information disclosure threat where sensitive user data visible on screen could be exfiltrated without user consent or awareness.
Improper path validation in Apple's operating systems (iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS) allows applications to bypass directory access restrictions and read sensitive user data without user interaction. An attacker with a malicious app could exploit this parsing weakness to access confidential information across affected Apple devices. No patch is currently available, though Apple has released fixed versions across its product line.
A validation flaw in macOS entitlement verification allows applications to bypass privilege checks and gain elevated system privileges. The vulnerability affects macOS Sequoia 15.7.4 and earlier, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4 and earlier, and macOS Tahoe 26.3 and earlier. Apple has addressed this issue through improved validation of process entitlements in patched versions (15.7.5, 14.8.5, and 26.4 respectively), but no CVSS score, EPSS data, or KEV inclusion status is currently available, limiting immediate risk quantification.
A logic flaw in macOS Tahoe allows applications to bypass security controls and access sensitive user data without proper authorization. The vulnerability affects macOS versions prior to 26.4 and is addressed through improved input validation and access control checks. While CVSS scoring data is unavailable, Apple has released a patch indicating this is a genuine security concern requiring immediate attention.
A broken access control vulnerability in FileRise's ONLYOFFICE integration allows authenticated users with read-only permissions to overwrite files with malicious content by forging ONLYOFFICE save callbacks using legitimately obtained signed callbackUrls. FileRise versions prior to 3.10.0 are affected. There is no evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV), but proof-of-concept details are available through the GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-6c3j-f4x4-36m3.
Ubiquiti UniFi Network Server versions 10.1.85 and earlier are vulnerable to account takeover through improper input validation when users click malicious links in social engineering attacks. An attacker can gain unauthorized account access with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Users should upgrade to version 10.1.89 or later to remediate this vulnerability.
pyLoad versions 0.4.20 through 0.5.0b3.dev96 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the ClickNLoad feature's local_check decorator that allows remote attackers to spoof the HTTP Host header and access localhost-restricted endpoints without authentication. This vulnerability enables unauthenticated remote users to inject arbitrary downloads, write files to the storage directory, and execute JavaScript code with the privileges of the pyLoad process. The vulnerability has been patched in version 0.5.0b3.dev97, and exploitation appears feasible given the straightforward nature of HTTP header manipulation.
Unauthenticated remote code execution in Pharos Controls Mosaic Show Controller firmware 2.15.3 enables attackers to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands with root privileges without user interaction. This critical vulnerability affects all instances exposed to network access with no available patch. The extremely low EPSS score suggests limited real-world exploitation despite the severe technical impact.
A critical Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in the LoLLMs WEBUI application, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to force the server to make arbitrary GET requests through the `/api/proxy` endpoint. All known existing versions of lollms-webui are affected, and as of publication, no patched version is available. Attackers can exploit this to access internal services, scan local networks, or exfiltrate sensitive cloud metadata such as AWS or GCP IAM tokens.
Vikunja, an open-source self-hosted task management platform, contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows attackers with read-only link share access to escalate privileges to full admin access. The ReadAllWeb handler fails to enforce proper access controls when listing link shares, exposing secret hashes for higher-privilege shares. Versions prior to 2.2.2 are affected, and a patch is available in version 2.2.2.
Vikunja, an open-source self-hosted task management platform, contains an insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability that allows any authenticated user to access or delete attachments belonging to other users' tasks. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 2.2.1, enabling attackers to enumerate and download attachments by combining their own valid task ID with sequential attachment IDs. With a CVSS score of 8.1 (High severity), this represents a significant confidentiality and integrity risk, though no evidence of active exploitation (KEV) or public proof-of-concept has been reported.
Vikunja versions 0.18.0 through 2.2.0 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability where disabled or locked user accounts can continue accessing the system through alternative authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability affects the go-vikunja/vikunja product across all matching versions, allowing attackers with knowledge of valid but disabled account credentials to maintain API access, CalDAV synchronization, and OpenID Connect sessions despite administrative account lockdown. While no CVSS score or EPSS data is available from official sources, the vulnerability represents a critical authorization control failure (CWE-285) with high real-world impact in multi-tenant or regulated environments where account disabling is a primary access revocation mechanism.
This vulnerability is a mitigation bypass in Firefox's HTTP networking component that allows attackers to circumvent existing security controls. Firefox versions below 149 and Firefox ESR versions below 140.9 are affected, enabling attackers to bypass authentication or other HTTP-level protections. While specific CVSS and EPSS scores are not provided, the mitigation bypass classification and Mozilla's issuance of security advisories indicate this requires prompt patching.
The WP DSGVO Tools (GDPR) plugin for WordPress contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to permanently destroy any non-administrator user account. Attackers can trigger immediate and irreversible account anonymization (randomizing passwords, overwriting usernames/emails, stripping roles, anonymizing comments, and wiping sensitive metadata) by submitting a victim's email address with a publicly available nonce. All versions up to and including 3.1.38 are affected, with a CVSS score of 9.1 indicating critical severity.
Vitals ESP, a software product developed by Galaxy Software Services, contains a Missing Authentication vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute certain functions and obtain sensitive information. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 7.5 (High) with network-based attack vector requiring no privileges or user interaction, resulting in high confidentiality impact. This issue was reported by Taiwan CERT (twcert) and is classified as an Authentication Bypass vulnerability.
Vitals ESP, a healthcare software product developed by Galaxy Software Services, contains an incorrect authorization vulnerability that allows authenticated remote attackers with low-level privileges to escalate their access and perform administrative functions. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 8.8 (High), indicating network-based exploitation with low attack complexity requiring only low-level authentication. No KEV listing or EPSS data is currently available, though Taiwan CERT (TWCERT) has published advisories on this issue.
The Contest Gallery plugin for WordPress contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unaattacked attackers to take over administrator accounts and gain complete site control. All versions up to and including 28.1.5 are affected when the non-default RegMailOptional=1 setting is enabled. The vulnerability exploits MySQL type coercion by registering with specially crafted email addresses to overwrite admin activation keys, then using an unauthenticated login endpoint to authenticate as the target user. With a CVSS score of 8.1 and high attack complexity (AC:H), this represents a critical risk for sites using the vulnerable configuration.
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.1 contain an approval bypass vulnerability in the system.run function that allows attackers to execute a different binary than the one approved by an operator. The vulnerability stems from non-path-like argv[0] tokens failing to bind to executable identity, enabling post-approval PATH manipulation to redirect execution to attacker-controlled binaries. With a CVSS score of 7.3 and requiring local access with low privileges and user interaction, this represents a significant privilege escalation and integrity bypass risk in environments using OpenClaw's execution approval mechanisms.
Improper authorization in the My Page profile update feature allows authenticated attackers to modify arbitrary user profiles and passwords, potentially leading to account takeover. Affected versions include 1.x through 1.41.0 and 2.x through 2.41.0; patches are available in versions 1.41.1 and 2.41.1. Exploitation requires valid authentication but no additional privileges or user interaction.
Insufficient authorization checks in the page content retrieval feature (versions 1.x <= 1.41.0 and 2.x <= 2.41.1) allow unauthenticated attackers to access non-public page contents and attachments. An attacker can retrieve sensitive information from restricted pages without proper credentials. Users must upgrade to version 1.41.1 or 2.41.1 to remediate this vulnerability.
MantisBT versions prior to 2.28.1 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the SOAP API caused by improper type checking on the password parameter when running on MySQL family databases. An attacker who knows a victim's username can log in to the SOAP API without knowing the correct password and execute any API function available to that account. While a CVE CVSS score is not yet assigned, the vulnerability is patched in version 2.28.1, and disabling the SOAP API reduces but does not eliminate the risk.
WWBN AVideo video platform up to and including version 26.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the CDN plugin that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to completely modify CDN configuration settings including storage credentials and authentication keys. The vulnerability stems from the CDN plugin's default empty string authentication key, which causes validation checks to be bypassed entirely when the plugin is enabled but not properly configured. The CVSS score of 8.6 reflects high integrity impact with network-based exploitation requiring no privileges or user interaction.
WWBN AVideo versions up to and including 26.0 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the standalone live stream control endpoint. The endpoint accepts a user-supplied 'streamerURL' parameter that redirects token verification to an attacker-controlled server, allowing complete bypass of authentication without any user interaction. With a CVSS score of 9.4, an attacker gains unauthenticated control over any live stream including the ability to drop publishers, manipulate recordings, and probe stream existence.
Privilege escalation in WWBN AVideo up to version 26.0 allows users with "Videos Moderator" permissions to gain full video management capabilities, including transferring ownership and deleting any video, by exploiting inconsistent authorization checks between the video editing and deletion endpoints. An authenticated attacker can chain an ownership transfer with deletion operations to compromise videos outside their legitimate scope. A patch is available in commit 838e16818c793779406ecbf34ebaeba9830e33f8.
WWBN AVideo versions up to and including 26.0 contain an unauthenticated API endpoint that allows arbitrary decryption of ciphertext. Attackers can exploit the decryptString action in the API plugin without authentication to decrypt publicly-issued ciphertext (such as from view/url2Embed.json.php), allowing recovery of protected tokens and metadata. The CVSS score of 7.5 reflects high confidentiality impact with network accessibility and no authentication required.
Hard-coded credentials embedded in Klinika XP and KlinikaXP Insertino applications allow unauthorized attackers to gain access to internal services, most critically the FTP server hosting application update packages. An attacker exploiting these credentials could upload malicious update files that would be distributed to client machines as legitimate updates, enabling supply-chain compromise and widespread system compromise. The vulnerability affects KlinikaXP versions before 5.39.01.01 and KlinikaXP Insertino versions before 3.1.0.1; no CVSS score, EPSS data, or active KEV status is currently available, but the attack complexity is low and requires no privileges, making this a high-priority issue despite the missing CVSS assessment.
The Nexxt Solutions Nebula 300+ firmware through version 12.01.01.37 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability where administrative credentials are stored in the ecos_pw cookie using reversible Base64 encoding with a static suffix, allowing attackers who obtain this cookie to forge valid administrative sessions and gain unauthorized device access. The vulnerability affects a network appliance product line and represents a critical authentication control failure. No CVSS score or EPSS data is currently available, and KEV/active exploitation status is unknown; however, the reversible encoding mechanism and static suffix suggest this is likely highly exploitable in practice.
An unauthenticated credential disclosure vulnerability exists in the /goform/ate endpoint of Nexxt Solutions Nebula 300+ firmware (including Tenda F3 v2.0 rebranded variants) through version 12.01.01.37, allowing adjacent network attackers to retrieve the Base64-encoded administrator password without authentication. The recovered credentials enable full device authentication and privilege escalation, facilitating further compromise when combined with other firmware weaknesses. No active KEV listing or public POC availability is currently documented, though the CVSS 6.5 score reflects the significant confidentiality impact despite network-adjacency requirement.
The Expire Users plugin for WordPress versions up to and including 1.2.2 contains a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated users with Subscriber-level access or higher to elevate their privileges to administrator level. This occurs because the plugin improperly allows users to update the 'on_expire_default_to_role' meta field through the 'save_extra_user_profile_fields' function without proper authorization checks. With a CVSS score of 8.8 (High severity), this represents a critical security issue for affected WordPress installations, though no active exploitation (KEV) or EPSS data has been reported at this time.
The Linksy Search and Replace plugin for WordPress versions up to 1.0.4 contains a missing capability check vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access or higher to modify arbitrary database tables. Attackers can exploit this to elevate their privileges to administrator by modifying the wp_capabilities field, achieving complete site takeover. With a CVSS score of 8.8 (High), this represents a critical privilege escalation vulnerability affecting authenticated users with minimal access.
OpenClaw sandbox browser functionality launches x11vnc for noVNC observer sessions without requiring authentication, allowing any attacker with access to the host's loopback interface to view or interact with sandboxed browser sessions without credentials. All OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.2.21 are affected. This vulnerability has been publicly disclosed with patches available from the vendor, though no EPSS score, KEV status, or public POC references were provided in the intelligence data.
An authorization mismatch vulnerability in OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.1 allows authenticated users with operator.write scope to escalate privileges and execute owner-only administrative functions including gateway and cron management through agent runs in scoped-token deployments. This is a privilege escalation issue affecting deployments using scoped authentication tokens, where write-level access can be exploited to perform control-plane operations reserved for owners. With a CVSS score of 8.8 and network-accessible attack vector, this represents a significant authorization bypass, though no KEV listing or public exploitation indicators are currently available.
OpenClaw versions prior to 2026.3.1 contain a sandbox escape vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to bypass runtime confinement restrictions. Attackers can exploit a flaw in cross-agent sessions_spawn operations to create child processes under unsandboxed agents, effectively disabling sandbox protections by setting sandbox.mode to off. While the CVSS score is 7.5 (High), there is no evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV), though the vulnerability has been publicly disclosed through GitHub Security Advisories and VulnCheck, increasing the likelihood of proof-of-concept development.
OpenClaw versions 2026.2.22 through 2026.2.24 contain a privilege escalation vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to bypass device pairing requirements and self-assign elevated operator.admin scopes. Attackers with valid shared gateway authentication credentials can present self-signed unpaired device identities to obtain administrator privileges before pairing approval is granted. This is a high-severity vulnerability (CVSS 8.8) with a patch available from the vendor.
Discourse versions prior to 2026.3.0-latest.1, 2026.2.1, and 2026.1.2 contain an authorization page spoofing vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to inject attacker-controlled domains into legitimate Discourse authorization pages, enabling social engineering attacks. This CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) class vulnerability affects all affected Discourse installations and requires no authentication or special privileges to exploit. No active exploitation in the wild (KEV status) has been reported, but the attack surface is broad given Discourse's widespread use as an open-source discussion platform.
WebCTRL Premium Server systems contain an authentication bypass vulnerability arising from BACnet protocol's inherent lack of network layer authentication, compounded by WebCTRL's failure to implement additional validation. An attacker with network access can spoof BACnet packets targeting either the WebCTRL server or associated AutomatedLogic controllers, which will process the spoofed packets as legitimate traffic. This vulnerability has a CVSS score of 7.5 with high integrity impact and is disclosed through ICS-CERT advisory ICSA-26-078-08.
Unlimited authentication attempts against the eParking.fi WebSocket API enable network-based denial-of-service attacks that suppress or mis-route electric vehicle charger telemetry, and enable credential brute-forcing to gain unauthorized system access. Reported by ICS-CERT, affecting all versions of the charging management platform. EPSS score of 0.07% (22nd percentile) suggests low widespread exploitation probability, though SSVC marks it as automatable with partial technical impact. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), but CVSS 8.7 with AV:N/PR:N/AC:L indicates trivial remote exploitation against unauthenticated endpoints.
Unauthenticated access to OCPP WebSocket endpoints allows remote attackers to impersonate legitimate charging stations and execute arbitrary commands against electric vehicle charging infrastructure without credentials. An attacker can connect using a known station identifier to manipulate charging operations, alter backend data, and escalate privileges across the charging network. No patch is currently available for this critical vulnerability affecting EV charging systems.
Missing rate limiting in CTEK Chargeportal's WebSocket API enables remote attackers to launch denial-of-service attacks against electric vehicle charging infrastructure telemetry or conduct brute-force authentication attacks. All versions of Chargeportal are affected. CISA ICS-CERT has issued an advisory (ICSA-26-078-06), indicating focus on critical infrastructure risk. EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.08%, 23rd percentile), and no active exploitation or public exploit is confirmed. SSVC assessment indicates the vulnerability is automatable but has no confirmed exploitation, suggesting moderate real-world urgency despite the high CVSS 8.7 score.
CTEK Chargeportal's OCPP WebSocket endpoints accept unauthenticated connections, allowing remote attackers to impersonate charging stations by connecting with known or discovered station identifiers and issuing fraudulent OCPP commands to the backend infrastructure. This authentication bypass enables complete control over charging operations, data manipulation, and privilege escalation across the charging network. CISA ICS-CERT issued advisory ICSA-26-078-06 for this industrial control system vulnerability. EPSS score of 0.13% (33rd percentile) indicates relatively low predicted exploitation likelihood despite critical CVSS 9.3 severity, though SSVC assessment confirms the vulnerability is fully automatable with total technical impact.
Parse Server is vulnerable to a permanent denial-of-service attack that bypasses the previous CVE-2026-32944 fix. An unauthenticated attacker can send a specially crafted HTTP request containing deeply nested query structures with logical operators to permanently hang the Parse Server process, requiring manual restart. This affects parse-server npm package installations, and patches are available from the vendor.
Ory Oathkeeper contains a cache key confusion vulnerability in its oauth2_introspection authenticator that allows attackers to bypass authentication by reusing tokens across different introspection servers. Attackers with a valid token for one configured introspection server can exploit the cache mechanism to gain unauthorized access to resources protected by different introspection servers. This vulnerability requires the specific precondition of multiple oauth2_introspection authenticators with caching enabled, and a patch is available from the vendor.
Kysely, a TypeScript SQL query builder for Node.js, contains a SQL injection vulnerability in its MySQL dialect due to incomplete string escaping in the DefaultQueryCompiler.sanitizeStringLiteral() method. Applications using kysely (npm package) with MySQL that pass user-controlled input to CreateIndexBuilder.where() or CreateViewBuilder.as() methods are vulnerable to SQL injection attacks that can lead to data exfiltration, modification, or authentication bypass. A proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available demonstrating how backslash-escaped single quotes bypass the sanitization logic when NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES is disabled (MySQL default).
This is an authentication and authorization bypass vulnerability in etcd's gRPC API layer that allows unauthorized users to execute privileged operations when etcd auth is enabled. Affected are etcd versions prior to 3.4.42, 3.5.28, and 3.6.9 (specifically the Go packages go.etcd.io/etcd/v3 and go.etcd.io/etcd). Attackers can enumerate cluster topology via MemberList, trigger denial of service through Alarm APIs, manipulate Lease operations affecting TTL-based keys, and force compaction to permanently delete historical data. Standard Kubernetes deployments are not affected as they do not rely on etcd's built-in authentication. No EPSS score or KEV listing is currently available, and the vulnerability was responsibly disclosed by multiple security researchers.
The Langflow Python package contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in its image file download endpoint that allows unauthenticated attackers to access image files uploaded by any user. Langflow, a visual framework for building AI applications, fails to enforce authentication and ownership checks on the /api/v1/files/images/{flow_id}/{file_name} endpoint, while all other file operation endpoints properly implement these security controls. A proof-of-concept exploit exists demonstrating that any attacker with knowledge of a flow UUID and filename can retrieve sensitive image data without credentials, posing a critical risk in multi-tenant deployments where cross-tenant data leakage can occur.
Parse Server's LiveQuery WebSocket interface contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows any authenticated user to subscribe to real-time object updates regardless of Class-Level Permission pointer field restrictions. Affected products include the parse-server npm package, where authenticated attackers can receive real-time updates for all objects in classes that should be restricted by readUserFields and pointerFields CLP settings, bypassing intended access controls that are correctly enforced in the REST API. No public proof-of-concept or active exploitation (KEV) has been reported at this time.
An unauthenticated directory traversal vulnerability exists in Siyuan kernel's /appearance/ endpoint, allowing remote attackers to read arbitrary files accessible to the server process without authentication. The vulnerability affects the Go-based Siyuan note-taking application (github.com/siyuan-note/siyuan/kernel) and has been assigned a CVSS score of 7.5 (High). A working proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available demonstrating successful file retrieval via crafted URLs containing path traversal sequences, and a patch has been released by the vendor.
Node.js applications using Effect library versions 3.19.15 and earlier with @effect/rpc 0.72.1 and @effect/platform 0.94.2 are vulnerable to context confusion due to improper AsyncLocalStorage handling in the MixedScheduler, allowing attackers to access sensitive data from other concurrent requests through race conditions. An attacker can exploit the batching mechanism to read or modify context belonging to different requests processed in the same microtask cycle, potentially leading to data leakage between users in multi-tenant environments. No patch is currently available.
A mass assignment vulnerability in Checkmate's user profile update endpoint allows any authenticated user to escalate their privileges to superadmin level, bypassing all role-based access controls. Checkmate versions 3.5.1 and prior are affected, an open-source self-hosted server monitoring tool from Bluewave Labs. Attackers can gain complete administrative access to view all users, modify critical configurations, and access sensitive system data, though no public patches are currently available.
Vikunja task management application contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in its password reset logic that allows disabled user accounts to be reactivated without authorization. The ResetPassword() function unconditionally sets user status to 'Active' after password reset completion, enabling disabled users to regain full access by requesting a password reset token and completing the reset process. A working proof-of-concept Python script is publicly available demonstrating automated exploitation of this vulnerability.
QVR Pro contains a missing authentication vulnerability (CWE-306) that allows remote attackers to access critical functions without proper credential validation, potentially gaining unauthorized system access. All versions prior to QVR Pro 2.7.4.14 are affected. This authentication bypass vulnerability enables unauthenticated remote exploitation of a surveillance management platform, representing a direct threat to organizations relying on QVR Pro for video recording and system administration.
OpenClaw contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in its WebSocket connection handling that allows authenticated users with low-privilege shared-token or password credentials to falsely declare elevated administrative scopes without proper server-side validation. Attackers with basic authentication can escalate privileges to operator.admin level and execute administrative gateway operations. With a CVSS score of 9.9 (Critical) and low attack complexity, this represents a severe privilege escalation risk, though no KEV listing or EPSS data is currently available to confirm active exploitation.
Traefik reverse proxy and load balancer contains an mTLS authentication bypass vulnerability that allows attackers to circumvent mutual TLS certificate requirements by sending fragmented TLS ClientHello packets. Affected versions include Traefik 2.11.40 and below, 3.0.0-beta1 through 3.6.10, and 3.7.0-ea.1. When ClientHello messages are fragmented across multiple TLS records, SNI extraction fails with an EOF error, causing the TCP router to fall back to default TLS configuration without client certificate validation, enabling unauthorized access to services that should require mTLS authentication.
Frigate versions prior to 0.17.0-beta1 contain an authentication weakness that allows any authenticated user to change another user's password without verifying the current password via the /users/{username}/password endpoint, combined with a failure to invalidate existing JWT tokens upon password change and absence of password strength validation. An attacker who obtains a valid session token through XSS, accidental exposure, cookie theft, compromised device, or unencrypted HTTP sniffing can permanently hijack victim accounts by changing their password while maintaining session access through non-invalidated tokens. This vulnerability has not been reported as actively exploited in the wild (KEV status unknown), but the straightforward nature of the attack and the common exposure vectors for JWT tokens make this a practical threat requiring immediate patching.
FileRise, a self-hosted web file manager and WebDAV server, contains a critical hardcoded encryption key vulnerability in versions prior to 3.9.0. The default key 'default_please_change_this_key' is used for all cryptographic operations including HMAC token generation, AES configuration encryption, and session tokens, allowing unauthenticated attackers to forge upload tokens for arbitrary file upload and decrypt sensitive admin configuration data such as OIDC client secrets and SMTP passwords. No evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) is currently available, though the vulnerability is straightforward to exploit given the hardcoded nature of the default key.
Hard-coded credentials in YI Home Camera 2 firmware 2.1.1_20171024151200 allow adjacent network attackers to gain complete device control without authentication. The vulnerability exists in the /home/web/ipc file component and enables full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Public exploit code exists (SSVC: poc) and vendor Yi Technology did not respond to responsible disclosure, leaving devices unpatched. EPSS score is low (0.02%, 5th percentile) despite total technical impact, suggesting limited widespread exploitation but significant risk for exposed IoT camera deployments on shared networks.
The Aimogen Pro plugin for WordPress contains an arbitrary function call vulnerability allowing unauthenticated attackers to execute privileged WordPress functions without authorization. All versions up to and including 2.7.5 are affected, enabling attackers to modify critical site settings such as changing the default user registration role to administrator, then registering as an admin to gain full site control. This is a critical authentication bypass with privilege escalation rated 9.8 CVSS, though no active exploitation (KEV) or public proof-of-concept has been reported at this time.
DataEase versions 2.10.19 and below contain a locale-dependent validation bypass vulnerability that allows attackers to smuggle dangerous JDBC parameters past security filters. The flaw stems from inconsistent locale handling where DataEase's validation uses the JVM default locale while H2 JDBC always uses English locale, causing Turkish locale environments to misinterpret malicious parameters like 'iNIT' (bypassing blacklist as 'İNIT' while H2 executes it as 'INIT'). This has been confirmed as exploitable in real deployment scenarios and enables authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve high-impact code execution or data access, though there is no evidence yet of active exploitation or public proof-of-concept.
A critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Oracle Identity Manager and Oracle Web Services Manager allows remote attackers to completely compromise affected systems without any credentials. The vulnerability resides in the REST WebServices and Web Services Security components, affecting versions 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0 of both products. With a CVSS score of 9.8 and no authentication required, this represents a severe risk to identity management infrastructure, though no current KEV listing or public POC has been documented in available sources.
Admidio versions 5.0.0 through 5.0.6 contain a critical authorization bypass vulnerability in the documents and files module that allows unauthorized deletion of folders and files. When the module is configured in public mode, unauthenticated attackers can permanently destroy the entire document library via simple HTTP GET requests without CSRF protection. The vulnerability combines missing authorization checks (CWE-862) with CSRF weaknesses, resulting in a CVSS score of 9.1 (Critical) with network-based attack vector requiring no privileges or user interaction.
An LDAP injection vulnerability in SuiteCRM's authentication flow allows attackers to manipulate LDAP queries by injecting control characters into user-supplied input, potentially leading to authentication bypass or information disclosure. The vulnerability affects SuiteCRM versions prior to 7.15.1 and 8.9.3, which are open-source CRM systems widely deployed in enterprise environments. While no active exploitation has been reported (not in CISA KEV), the network-exploitable nature and potential for authentication bypass makes this a serious concern for organizations using affected versions.
Xerte Online Toolkits 3.14 and earlier contain an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability allowing remote code execution with a CVSS score of 9.8. The template import functionality at /website_code/php/import/import.php lacks authentication checks, enabling attackers to upload ZIP archives containing malicious PHP files that are extracted to web-accessible directories. This is a critical severity issue with network-based attack vector requiring no privileges or user interaction, and a proof-of-concept has been published by VulnCheck.
A critical access control vulnerability exists in the SuiteCRM REST API V8 where multiple endpoints lack proper ACL (Access Control List) validation, enabling authenticated users to access and modify data beyond their authorized permissions. This affects SuiteCRM versions prior to 7.15.1 and 8.9.3, allowing privilege escalation within the CRM system where low-privileged users can potentially access sensitive customer data, modify records, or perform administrative actions. With a CVSS score of 8.1 and authentication bypass capabilities, this represents a significant security risk for organizations using affected versions.
This is an authentication bypass vulnerability in Spring Boot applications using Spring Security with Actuator endpoints. When an authenticated application endpoint is declared under the CloudFoundry Actuator path, attackers can bypass authentication requirements and gain unauthorized access to protected resources. The vulnerability affects multiple versions of Spring Security from 2.7.0 through 4.0.3 and carries a high CVSS score of 8.2, though no active exploitation or proof-of-concept has been reported.
Spring Boot Actuator endpoints can be bypassed for authentication when application endpoints are configured under Health Group paths in versions 4.0 before 4.0.3, 3.5 before 3.5.11, and 3.4 before 3.4.15. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this path-based misconfiguration to gain unauthorized access to protected resources with high confidence in authentication bypass and partial information disclosure. No patch is currently available.
A sandbox network isolation bypass vulnerability in OpenClaw allows trusted operators to escape container network boundaries and join other containers' network namespaces. OpenClaw versions before 2026.2.24 are affected, enabling attackers who have operator privileges to configure the docker.network parameter with 'container:<id>' values to reach services in target container namespaces and bypass network segmentation controls. The vulnerability has a critical CVSS score of 9.8 but requires trusted operator access, and there is no evidence of active exploitation in KEV or high EPSS probability.
A WebSocket authentication bypass vulnerability in OpenClaw gateway software allows attackers to circumvent origin validation and rate limiting protections when deployed on localhost/loopback interfaces. The flaw enables malicious websites to conduct brute-force attacks against the gateway's authentication mechanism through a victim's browser, potentially gaining full administrative control over the OpenClaw control plane. With a 7.5 CVSS score and requiring only user interaction to exploit, this represents a significant risk for organizations running OpenClaw in loopback configurations.
OpenClaw prior to version 2026.2.22 on macOS allows local attackers with user-level privileges to execute unauthorized binaries by bypassing path validation in the exec-approval allowlist mode through basename-only entries. An attacker can execute same-named local binaries without approval when the security allowlist policy is enabled, circumventing intended path-based restrictions. A patch is not currently available.
OpenClaw versions before 2026.2.19 contain a path hijacking vulnerability in tools.exec.safeBins that allows local attackers with process environment control to execute arbitrary binaries by spoofing allowlisted tool names like jq. An attacker who can manipulate the gateway process PATH can bypass executable validation controls and achieve code execution with the privileges of the affected process. No patch is currently available.
Quick Facts
- Typical Severity
- CRITICAL
- Category
- auth
- Total CVEs
- 37458