Authentication Bypass

Improper authorization in Dromara lamp-cloud up to version 5.8.1 allows authenticated remote attackers to bypass access controls in the DefUserController pageUser endpoint, gaining unauthorized read access to sensitive user information. The CVSS score of 4.3 reflects low confidentiality impact with network accessibility and low attack complexity; however, public exploit code availability and vendor non-responsiveness increase real-world risk despite the modest base score.

Improper access controls in Tenda 4G03 Pro firmware (versions up to 04.03.01.53) enable unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms via the /bin/httpd binary, potentially achieving unauthorized administrative access to the router. This vulnerability has publicly available exploit code and affects consumer-grade 4G routers commonly used for home and small office networks. EPSS data not available, but the combination of network-accessible attack vector, low complexity, and public exploit elevates real-world risk.

Wikipedia 12.0 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to crash the application by submitting oversized input through the search functionality. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Microsoft VPN Browser+ 1.1.0.0 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to crash the application by submitting oversized input through the search. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Snews CMS 1.7 contains a cross-site request forgery vulnerability that allows attackers to change administrator credentials without authentication by crafting malicious HTML forms. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

Hardcoded database credentials in Text to Speech for WP (AI Voices by Mementor) WordPress plugin versions ≤1.9.8 expose the vendor's external telemetry MySQL server to unauthorized write access by unauthenticated remote attackers. The credentials are embedded in the Mementor_TTS_Remote_Telemetry class and can be extracted via static analysis or HTTP request inspection. EPSS data not provided, but the unauthenticated network vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) and public disclosure via Wordfence ind

Authenticated attackers with subscriber-level access can obtain paid lifetime membership plans in the ProfilePress WordPress plugin (≤4.16.11) without payment by exploiting a missing ownership verification flaw. The vulnerability allows hijacking of another user's active subscription during checkout to manipulate proration calculations. With a 7.1 CVSS score, low attack complexity, and requiring only low-privilege authentication, this presents a significant revenue loss risk for sites using ProfilePress for paid memberships. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data not available. Vendor patch released in version 4.16.12.

Kadence Blocks Page Builder Toolkit for Gutenberg Editor plugin for WordPress allows authenticated contributors to bypass authorization checks and upload arbitrary images to the Media Library via the process_pattern REST API endpoint. An attacker with contributor-level access or higher can supply remote image URLs that the server downloads and converts into media attachments, exploiting missing capability verification for the upload_files action. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been reported at time of analysis.

Insecure Direct Object Reference in WCFM Frontend Manager for WooCommerce (versions ≤6.7.25) allows authenticated vendors to manipulate arbitrary orders and delete any WordPress posts, products, or pages beyond their ownership scope. Exploitation requires only vendor-level credentials (PR:L) with no user interaction, enabling privilege escalation through unauthorized access to store-wide content. EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability's straightforward IDOR nature increases weaponization risk once details are public.

Prototype pollution in defu npm package (≤6.1.4) allows remote attackers to override application logic by injecting __proto__ keys through unsanitized user input. The vulnerability enables authentication bypass and arbitrary property injection when applications merge untrusted JSON, database records, or configuration data using defu(). CVSS 7.5 (High) with network-accessible, low-complexity exploitation requiring no authentication. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), but public proof-of-concept exists in the GitHub advisory demonstrating admin privilege escalation.

Unauthenticated access to FFmpeg server configuration endpoint in AVideo allows remote attackers to probe infrastructure details and determine encoding architecture without authentication, while sibling management endpoints properly enforce admin-only access. This information disclosure aids reconnaissance for targeted attacks against video encoding infrastructure. CVSS 5.3, no public exploit code identified, no active exploitation confirmed.

Unauthenticated access to payment order data in the BlockonomicsYPT plugin for AVideo allows remote attackers to retrieve sensitive payment information including user IDs, transaction amounts, and Bitcoin transaction details for any address without authentication. The vulnerable check.php endpoint returns complete order records queryable by Bitcoin address alone, enabling attackers to link on-chain transactions to specific platform user accounts and violate user privacy. No exploit complexity is required beyond discovering Bitcoin addresses on the public blockchain.

Arbitrary file overwrite in Directus TUS resumable upload endpoint allows authenticated users to replace any existing file by UUID, bypassing row-level access controls. The vulnerability affects the npm package directus, where the /files/tus controller validates only collection-level permissions but skips item-level authorization checks. Attackers with basic file upload permissions can permanently overwrite victim files with malicious content, potentially escalating privileges by replacing admin-owned assets. EPSS data not available, but the moderate complexity (CVSS AC:L, PR:L) and specific bypass mechanism suggest focused targeting risk. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and no public exploit code identified at time of analysis.

OAuth authorization flow interception in Directus enables attackers to steal victims' identity provider access tokens through cross-origin window manipulation. This authentication bypass vulnerability (CVSS 8.7) affects the Directus npm package due to missing Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy headers on SSO login pages, allowing malicious sites to redirect OAuth flows to attacker-controlled clients. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data unavailable. Attack complexity rated HIGH due to requirement for victim interaction with attacker-controlled origin during authentication flow.

Unauthenticated attackers can modify registration form status in Pie Register plugin for WordPress versions up to 3.8.4.8 due to a missing capability check in the pie_main() function. The vulnerability allows unauthorized changes to critical registration settings without authentication, impacting the integrity of user registration workflows. CVSS 6.5 reflects moderate severity with both confidentiality and availability impact; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at this time.

Remote code execution in Fortinet FortiClientEMS versions 7.4.5 through 7.4.6 allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted network requests. The vulnerability stems from improper access control (CWE-284) and requires no user interaction or privileges (CVSS PR:N). With a CVSS score of 9.1 (Critical) and low attack complexity, this represents a severe exposure for organizations using affected FortiClientEMS versions. The CVSS temporal metrics indicate functional exploit code exists (E:F) with an official fix available (RL:O), making this a high-priority patching target despite no confirmed active exploitation (not present in CISA KEV).

Unauthenticated proxy access in AVideo's SocialMediaPublisher plugin allows any user to make arbitrary Facebook/Instagram Graph API calls through the `publishInstagram.json.php` endpoint without authentication or authorization checks. By sending crafted requests with stolen or leaked access tokens, attackers can publish, modify, or delete content on the platform's Instagram account and potentially bypass rate limits using the server's IP address. CVSS 5.3 (medium integrity impact); no active exploitation confirmed but proof-of-concept is publicly available.

ProSoft Technology ICX35-HWC version 1.3 and prior cellular gateways contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the web user interface that allows unauthenticated attackers to gain access to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

GarrettCom Magnum 6K and 10K managed switches contain an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to gain unauthorized access by exploiting a hardcoded string in the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Hirschmann HiLCOS products OpenBAT, BAT450, WLC, BAT867 contains a firewall filtering vulnerability that fails to correctly filter IPv4 multicast and broadcast traffic when management IP address. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Hirschmann HiOS and HiSecOS products RSP, RSPE, RSPS, RSPL, MSP, EES, EESX, GRS, OS, RED, EAGLE contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the HTTP(S) management module that allows. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Hirschmann HiLCOS OpenBAT and BAT450 products contain a firewall bypass vulnerability in IPv6 IPsec deployments that allows traffic from VPN connections to bypass configured firewall rules. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Hirschmann Industrial HiVision versions 06.0.00 and 07.0.00 prior to 06.0.06 and 07.0.01 contains an improper authorization vulnerability that allows read-only users to gain write access to managed. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

JWT token validation bypass in fast-jwt npm library (all versions through 3.3.3) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to forge tokens with critical header parameters, achieving authentication bypass and security policy circumvention. The library violates RFC 7515 by accepting JWS tokens containing unrecognized 'crit' extensions that MUST be rejected per specification. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though proof-of-concept code demonstrates trivial exploitation. CVSS 7.5 (Hi

Authentication bypass in LiteLLM's JWT/OIDC implementation allows unauthenticated attackers to impersonate legitimate users via cache key collision. When JWT authentication is enabled (non-default configuration), the userinfo cache uses only the first 20 characters of the token as a key. Because JWT headers from the same signing algorithm produce identical prefixes, attackers can forge tokens that collide with cached legitimate sessions, inheriting victim identities and permissions. Fixed in v1.83.0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the vulnerability is straightforward to exploit in affected configurations.

Remote code execution in BerriAI LiteLLM (pkg:pip/litellm) prior to v1.83.0 allows authenticated users without admin privileges to execute arbitrary Python code, modify proxy configuration, read server files, and hijack privileged accounts via an improperly protected /config/update endpoint. Authentication requirements not confirmed from available data. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the attack surface is well-documented in the vendor advisory. CVSS score unavailable; however, the combination of RCE capability and authentication bypass warrants immediate remediation for all LiteLLM deployments.

Hirschmann HiLCOS Classic Platform switches Classic L2E, L2P, L3E, L3P versions prior to 09.0.06 and Classic L2B prior to 05.3.07 contain a credential exposure vulnerability where user passwords are. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Authentication bypass in JupyterHub OAuthenticator <17.4.0 allows authenticated attackers with unverified email addresses on Auth0 tenants to login with arbitrary usernames, enabling account takeover when email is configured as the username claim. The vulnerability requires low-complexity exploitation over the network with low privileges (CVSS 8.8, AV:N/AC:L/PR:L). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vendor has released a security advisory with technical details. EPSS data not available, but the authentication bypass nature and account takeover potential make this a priority for organizations using JupyterHub with Auth0 OAuth integration.

Unauthenticated information disclosure in Piwigo photo gallery software (versions prior to 16.3.0) allows remote attackers to retrieve complete browsing history of all gallery visitors through exposed pwg.history.search API endpoint. The API method lacks mandatory admin-only access controls (CWE-862), enabling trivial privacy violation with CVSS 7.5 severity. EPSS exploitation probability and KEV status not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though exploitation requires only basic HTTP requests given the zero-authentication requirement (CVSS vector PR:N).

Unauthorized read access to root-owned files via TOCTOU race condition in util-linux mount binary (versions prior to 2.41.4) allows local users with existing fstab entries to replace loop device source files with symlinks pointing to sensitive files or block devices, bypassing intended access controls. The vulnerability requires moderate exploitation effort (AC:H) and authenticated user access (PR:L) but grants disclosure of confidential data including filesystem backups and disk volumes. No public exploit code or active CISA KEV status identified at time of analysis.

Unauthenticated remote code execution in OpenPrinting CUPS 2.4.16 and earlier allows attackers to send print jobs to shared PostScript queues without authentication, exploit a newline injection vulnerability in page-border parameter handling, and execute arbitrary binaries as the lp user by chaining a follow-up raw print job. CISA KEV status and active exploitation confirmation not provided; no publicly available patches identified at publication.

Hirschmann Industrial HiVision versions prior to 06.0.07 and 07.0.03 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the master service that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

Local privilege escalation in OpenPrinting CUPS 2.4.16 and prior allows unprivileged users to bypass authentication and create arbitrary file overwrites as root by coercing cupsd into issuing reusable Authorization tokens and leveraging printer-sharing policies to persist file:// URIs that bypass FileDevice restrictions. A proof-of-concept demonstrates root command execution via sudoers file modification, and the vulnerability is confirmed by the presence of public exploit code.

CUPS daemon (cupsd) versions 2.4.16 and earlier authenticate users via case-insensitive username comparison, allowing an authenticated high-privileged user to bypass authorization controls by submitting requests under a username that differs only in case from an authorized user, gaining access to restricted printing operations. No public exploit code has been identified, and patches were not available at the time of initial disclosure, though a upstream commit indicates a fix may have been prepared.

Authorization bypass vulnerabilities in prompts.chat (pre-commit 7b81836) expose private prompt data to unauthenticated remote attackers. Missing isPrivate validation checks across multiple API endpoints and metadata generation functions allow unauthorized retrieval of version history, change requests, examples, content, and HTML meta tag information for prompts marked private. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though CVSS 8.7 reflects network-accessible, low-complexity attack requiring no privileges. Vendor-released patch available via GitHub commit 7b81836b21.

Hardcoded storage credentials in Gardyn mobile application and device firmware grant unauthenticated remote attackers access to production cloud storage containers with excessive permissions. The CVSS v4.0 score of 8.8 reflects network-accessible attack vector with no complexity barriers, enabling high confidentiality impact and limited integrity/availability impact. CISA ICS-CERT disclosure indicates industrial/IoT context. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though hardcoded credential vulnerabilities are trivial to exploit once discovered. EPSS data not available for this recent CVE.

Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in Gardyn Cloud API allows unauthenticated remote attackers to access and modify arbitrary user profiles by manipulating ID parameters in API calls. CVSS:4.0 rates this 9.3 (Critical) with network-accessible attack vector requiring no privileges or user interaction, enabling unauthorized access to high-sensitivity user data and profile modification. CISA ICS-CERT issued advisory ICSA-26-055-03 for this IoT/smart garden system vulnerability. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the attack technique (parameter manipulation) is trivial to execute.

Unauthenticated access to complete user account data in Gardyn Cloud API allows remote attackers to retrieve sensitive information for all registered users. The vulnerability stems from an unprotected endpoint exposing full account details without authentication checks (CVSS 9.2, AV:N/PR:N). CISA ICS-CERT has published an advisory, indicating exposure in operational technology/IoT contexts. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability's simplicity (low attack complexity, no privileges required) makes exploitation straightforward once the endpoint is discovered.

Unauthenticated attackers can access administrative endpoint notifications in Gardyn Cloud API without proper authentication, allowing information disclosure via an authentication bypass vulnerability. The CVSS 6.9 score reflects the network accessibility and lack of required privileges, though impact is limited to confidentiality. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.

Unauthenticated remote access to administrative endpoints in Gardyn Cloud API exposes device management functions to network attackers. The CVSS:4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) confirms network-reachable exploitation requiring no authentication or user interaction, with high confidentiality impact. EPSS data unavailable, but authentication bypass vulnerabilities (CWE-306) are frequently targeted when exposed on internet-facing APIs. CISA ICS-CERT advisory indicates IoT/OT context, suggesting potential for unauthorized device control. No confirmed active exploitation (not on CISA KEV) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Zulip versions 1.4.0 through 11.5 allow unauthenticated retrieval of attachments and topic history from web-public streams even after spectator access is disabled, due to incomplete access control on attachment serving and the /users/me/<stream_id>/topics endpoint. An attacker can bypass intended access restrictions to read file contents and stream metadata after public access is supposed to be revoked. The vulnerability affects all Zulip deployments that previously enabled spectator access and then disabled it. Vendor-released patch: version 11.6.

Browser-based authentication session hijacking in Amazon Athena ODBC driver versions prior to 2.1.0.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to intercept authentication sessions, potentially compromising confidentiality and integrity of database access. The vulnerability stems from insufficient authentication security controls (CWE-862) in browser-based authentication flows. Amazon has released patches for Windows, Linux, and macOS platforms. No active exploitation is confirmed via CISA KEV, though the CVSS score of 7.4 reflects high attack complexity requiring precise timing or conditions to exploit successfully.

BookStack chapter export functionality allows unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass access controls via manipulation of the pages parameter in the chapterToMarkdown function, enabling improper access to restricted content. Affects BookStack versions up to 26.03; patch available in version 26.03.1. Publicly available exploit code exists and CVSS 5.5 reflects low confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability compromise.

Improper hostname canonicalization in util-linux login(1) utility with the -h option allows remote attackers to bypass host-based PAM access control rules by supplying specially crafted hostnames that are modified before being passed to PAM_RHOST, potentially leading to unauthorized access. The vulnerability affects Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 through 10 and related products; exploitation requires high attack complexity but no authentication or user interaction. No public exploit code has been identified, and this is not currently confirmed as actively exploited.

MLflow's FastAPI job endpoints bypass basic-auth entirely, allowing network attackers to submit and execute jobs without credentials (CVSS 9.8, CWE-306). Affects mlflow/mlflow latest version when MLFLOW_SERVER_ENABLE_JOB_EXECUTION=true and job functions are allowlisted. Public POC exists per SSVC framework. EPSS score of 0.20% (42nd percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability despite critical CVSS, suggesting targeted rather than widespread risk. Vendor-released patch not confirmed at time of analysis - remediation relies on configuration changes and service hardening.

Unrestricted file upload in ProjectsAndPrograms School Management System up to commit 6b6fae5426044f89c08d0dd101c7fa71f9042a59 allows authenticated users to upload arbitrary files via the Profile Picture Handler in /admin_panel/settings.php, enabling remote code execution. The vulnerability affects the File parameter with low attack complexity and has publicly available exploit code; while CVSS 5.3 reflects moderate integrity and confidentiality impact, the low authentication requirement and network accessibility make this a practical privilege escalation and code execution vector for authenticated attackers.

Unauthorized resource modification in Juju application orchestration engine allows any authenticated controller user to tamper with application resources across the entire controller scope. Affects Juju 2.9.0-2.9.55 and 3.6.0-3.6.18. Patched in versions 2.9.56 and 3.6.19. EPSS score of 0.01% suggests low probability of mass exploitation. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV). Authentication requirement (PR:L) limits attack surface to compromised credentials or malicious insiders.

Juju application orchestration engine versions 2.9 to 2.9.55 and 3.6 to 3.6.18 allow a compromised workload machine to read arbitrary log files for any entity across any model without proper authorization checks. This authentication bypass (CWE-863) affects high-privilege scenarios where an attacker already controls a machine within a Juju-managed infrastructure, enabling lateral information disclosure to extract sensitive operational logs. The vulnerability has been patched in Juju 2.9.56 and 3.6.19.

Use-after-free in Linux kernel ksmbd SMB server allows local or remote attackers to read freed memory and potentially achieve denial of service or code execution via compound SMB2 requests that reuse a tree connection after it has been disconnected and its associated share_conf structure freed. The vulnerability exists because smb2_get_ksmbd_tcon() bypasses state validation checks when reusing connections in compound requests, enabling subsequent commands to dereference already-freed share_conf pointers. No CVE severity metrics are available, but KASAN confirms memory corruption is triggered in smb2_write operations during tree disconnect sequences.

Focalboard 8.0 fails to validate file ownership during file serving, allowing authenticated attackers to read arbitrary uploaded files if they know the target fileID. The vulnerability affects all versions of the standalone Focalboard product, which is no longer maintained by Mattermost and will not receive security patches. An attacker with valid credentials can exploit this authorization bypass with no additional user interaction to access sensitive file contents.

IPv6 Pod traffic in Antrea dual-stack Kubernetes clusters transmits in plaintext despite IPsec encryption configuration, exposing inter-node communication to network eavesdropping. Affects Antrea versions prior to 2.6.0, 2.5.2, and 2.4.5 when dual-stack networking is enabled with trafficEncryptionMode: ipsec. Vendor-released patches are available across multiple stable branches. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability bypasses intended encryption controls and could enable passive network monitoring in multi-tenant or untrusted network environments.

Roundcube Webmail before versions 1.5.14 and 1.6.14 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass CSS-based security mitigations in HTML email rendering by injecting !important declarations, enabling potential integrity attacks such as phishing or UI redressing. The vulnerability stems from insufficient CSS sanitization when processing HTML email messages, with no authentication required and minimal attack complexity.

Privilege escalation in Ajenti panel allows authenticated non-superuser accounts to install arbitrary Python packages, bypassing role-based access controls. Affects installations using the auth_users plugin authentication method. Vendor-released patch available in version 2.2.15. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the privilege bypass mechanism is straightforward for authenticated users to abuse.

Electron's service worker implementation allows spoofing of internal IPC reply messages, enabling a malicious service worker to inject attacker-controlled data into the main process's promise resolution from webContents.executeJavaScript() and related methods. This affects Electron versions prior to 41.0.0, 40.8.1, 39.8.1, and 38.8.6, and impacts only applications that register service workers and rely on executeJavaScript() return values for security decisions. The vulnerability requires local authenticated access and medium attack complexity, with no public exploit code or active exploitation confirmed at analysis time.

Electron's setLoginItemSettings() function on Windows fails to quote executable paths in the Run registry key, allowing local attackers with write access to ancestor directories to execute arbitrary programs at login if the app is installed to a path containing spaces. The vulnerability affects Electron versions prior to 38.8.6, 39.8.1, 40.8.0, and 41.0.0-beta.8, and requires high-privilege access and unfavorable conditions (non-standard install paths) to exploit, making real-world impact limited to non-default Windows configurations.

Electron's WebUSB device selection handler fails to validate chosen device IDs against renderer-requested filters, allowing authenticated local users with UI interaction to bypass intended device access restrictions and gain access to unfiltered USB devices. The vulnerability affects Electron versions prior to 38.8.6, 39.8.0, 40.7.0, and 41.0.0-beta.8, with CVSS 3.3 (low severity) due to local-only attack vector and UI interaction requirement; the WebUSB security blocklist remains enforced, limiting practical impact to applications with non-standard device selection logic.

Microsoft Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) contains an improper authorization vulnerability enabling unauthenticated remote attackers to elevate privileges over a network with critical impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CVSS 10.0 critical rating reflects network-accessible exploitation requiring no authentication, low complexity, and scope change allowing compromise beyond the vulnerable component. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the authentication bypass nature and maximum severity warrant immediate priority.

Azure AI Foundry improper authorization permits unauthenticated remote attackers to escalate privileges and achieve complete compromise with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CVSS 10.0 rating reflects network-based attack vector with low complexity, no user interaction, and scope change indicating containerization/isolation escape. EPSS and KEV status not provided, but the authentication bypass affecting a cloud AI platform poses severe risk. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Unauthenticated information disclosure in Azure MCP Server allows remote attackers to access sensitive data over the network without authentication. The vulnerability stems from missing authentication controls on critical functions (CWE-306), enabling attackers to bypass security boundaries and extract confidential information with minimal complexity. With CVSS 9.1 (Critical) and network-accessible attack vector requiring no privileges or user interaction, this represents a significant exposure for organizations running affected Azure MCP Server instances. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straightforward authentication bypass nature increases likelihood of rapid weaponization.

Information disclosure in Azure SRE Agent can be exploited by remote unauthenticated attackers via improper authentication mechanisms. The vulnerability carries an 8.6 CVSS score with network attack vector requiring low complexity and no user interaction, enabling attackers to extract high-confidentiality data with scope change impact. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the authentication bypass nature and network accessibility present significant risk to Azure infrastructure components.

Unauthenticated remote attackers can trigger complete database overwrites, server-side file reads, and SSRF attacks against Dgraph graph database servers (v24.x, v25.x prior to v25.3.1) via the admin API's restoreTenant mutation. The mutation bypasses all authentication middleware due to missing authorization configuration, allowing attackers to provide arbitrary backup source URLs (including file:// schemes for local filesystem access), S3/MinIO credentials, Vault configuration paths, and encry

Remote denial-of-service in Belden Hirschmann HiOS Switch Platform allows unauthenticated attackers to reboot switches via crafted HTTP GET requests to the web interface. Affects versions 9.1.00-9.4.05 and 10.0.00-10.3.01. Exploitation requires no authentication (PR:N) and low complexity (AC:L), enabling trivial service disruption of network infrastructure. CVSS 9.2 (critical) reflects high availability impact on both vulnerable component and subsequent systems. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the attack vector is straightforward HTTP-based.

Hirschmann HiEOS devices contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the HTTP(S) management module that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain administrative access by sending. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Improper Authentication vulnerability could allow attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms to gain unauthorized access.

Unauthenticated authentication bypass in Bulwark Webmail versions prior to 1.4.10 allows remote attackers to access and modify user settings without credentials. The vulnerability stems from flawed verifyIdentity() logic that returns true when session cookies are absent, enabling unauthorized manipulation of the /api/settings endpoint through arbitrary header injection. CVSS 8.7 (High) with attack vector network, low complexity, and no privileges required. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the authentication bypass mechanism is technically straightforward. Vendor-released patch: version 1.4.10.

Scoold versions prior to 1.66.1 allow authenticated low-privilege users to delete any other user's feedback posts via an authorization flaw in the POST /feedback/{id}/delete endpoint. The vulnerability requires login but lacks object ownership verification, enabling lateral privilege escalation where any team member can destroy feedback created by colleagues or administrators. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; the issue was discovered during code review and patched in version 1.66.1.

Unauthenticated remote code execution in OneUptime monitoring platform (versions < 10.0.42) allows attackers to trigger arbitrary workflow execution with controlled input data via exposed Worker service ManualAPI endpoints. The vulnerability enables JavaScript code execution, notification system abuse, and data manipulation without any authentication requirement. CVSS 9.2 (Critical) with network attack vector and low complexity; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the authentication bypass combined with RCE capability presents immediate risk to exposed instances.

Authentication bypass in OneUptime SAML SSO implementation allows authenticated attackers to impersonate arbitrary users by exploiting XML signature verification logic flaws. Affected versions prior to 10.0.42 decouple signature validation from identity extraction, enabling XML injection attacks where an unsigned assertion with attacker-controlled identity precedes a legitimately signed assertion. EPSS and exploitation signals indicate publicly available exploit code exists with moderate technical complexity (CVSS AC:L, PR:L). No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV).

Authentication bypass in OneUptime notification API endpoints allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate Twilio account resources via missing authorization middleware. Affects all versions prior to 10.0.42. Attackers can purchase phone numbers on victim Twilio accounts and delete configured alerting numbers by exploiting unprotected /notification/ endpoints, using leaked projectId values from public Status Page APIs. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though attack complexity is rated high (CVSS AC:H) and proof-of-concept details are available in the GitHub security advisory.

Unauthenticated access to notification and phone management endpoints in OneUptime <10.0.42 allows remote attackers to abuse SMS, voice call, email, and WhatsApp messaging services and purchase phone numbers without authentication. The CVSS 9.1 (Critical) rating reflects network-accessible attack vector with no authentication required (PR:N) and low complexity (AC:L), enabling immediate abuse of platform communication services and potential financial fraud. Vendor-released patch available in version 10.0.42. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS risk assessment would likely be elevated given the simplicity of exploitation and clear abuse potential.

Open edX Platform from maple release through ulmo allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass email verification by exploiting an OAuth2 password grant that issues tokens to inactive users combined with exposure of activation keys in the REST API response at /api/user/v1/accounts/. This authentication bypass enables account takeover and unauthorized access to learning platforms. The vulnerability affects all deployments from maple to before ulmo release and has been patched in the ulmo release.

OpenClaw prior to commit b57b680 allows authenticated users to bypass the approval system by exploiting inconsistent environment variable normalization between approval validation and execution paths. An attacker with low privileges can inject non-portable environment variable keys that are filtered during operator review but accepted at runtime, potentially enabling execution of attacker-controlled binaries. This vulnerability has a CVSS score of 6.9 (medium-high impact) and requires user interaction but affects the integrity of the approval workflow.

The issue was addressed with improved checks. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.

A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.

OpenClaw versions prior to commit 8aceaf5 allow authenticated remote attackers to bypass shell-bleed protection validation by crafting complex command forms such as piped execution, command substitution, or subshell invocation, enabling execution of arbitrary script content that should be blocked. The vulnerability affects the validateScriptFileForShellBleed() parser, which fails to recognize obfuscated command structures; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though a vendor patch is available.

A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.

Listmonk versions 4.1.0 through 6.0.x contain authorization bypass vulnerabilities in list permission checks that allow authenticated users in multi-user environments to access mailing lists they should not have access to. The vulnerability affects only self-hosted deployments with multiple untrusted users and has been patched in version 6.1.0. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at this time.

TP-Link Tapo C520WS v2.6 contains an authentication bypass in its HTTP-based DS configuration service that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute privileged device configuration actions by appending authentication-exempt parameters to requests. The vulnerability stems from inconsistent JSON request parsing and authorization logic, enabling unauthorized modification of device state without requiring valid credentials. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor-released patch is available.

Rack::Static fails to apply security-relevant response headers to URL-encoded variants of static file paths, allowing attackers to bypass header-based security controls by requesting percent-encoded forms of protected resources. This affects Rack versions prior to 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6, and is particularly dangerous in deployments relying on Rack::Static to enforce Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, or similar protective headers on static content. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.

Host header validation bypass in Rack 3.0.0.beta1-3.1.20 and 3.2.0-3.2.5 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to poison Host headers by injecting RFC-noncompliant characters (/, ?, #, @) that pass the AUTHORITY regex but are accepted by req.host, req.url, and req.base_url. Applications relying on naive prefix or suffix matching for host validation, link generation, or origin checks can be bypassed, enabling host header poisoning attacks. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at the time of analysis.

Signal K Server prior to version 2.24.0 permits low-privileged authenticated users to bypass prototype boundary filtering via a malformed `from` field, enabling arbitrary read access to internal functions and properties in the global prototype object. This confidentiality breach violates data isolation within the Signal K application and allows attackers to extract sensitive internal state they should not access. The vulnerability requires prior authentication and has been patched in version 2.24.0.

SignalK Server prior to version 2.24.0-beta.1 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to modify navigation data source priorities through an unprotected PUT endpoint (/signalk/v1/api/sourcePriorities), enabling manipulation of which GPS, AIS, and sensor data sources are trusted by the maritime navigation system. The malicious configuration changes are immediately applied and persisted to disk, surviving server restarts and potentially causing the vessel to rely on attacker-controlled or spoofed navigation data. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at this time.

Unauthenticated privilege escalation in SignalK Server (versions prior to 2.24.0-beta.4) allows remote attackers to inject administrator roles via the /enableSecurity endpoint, granting full administrative control without credentials. Attackers can modify vessel routing data, alter server configurations, and access all restricted endpoints. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the critical CVSS 9.4 score reflects the trivial exploit complexity (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) and high confidentiality/integrity impact to marine vessel control systems.

JWT signature verification bypass in ConvoyPanel 3.9.0-beta through 4.5.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to forge authentication tokens and impersonate any user account. The JWTService::decode() method validates only time-based claims while ignoring cryptographic signatures, enabling complete authentication bypass in the SSO flow by crafting tokens with arbitrary user_uuid values. CVSS 9.8 (Critical) with network attack vector, low complexity, and no privileges required. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability mechanism is straightforward to exploit given the technical details in the GitHub advisory.

OWASP Core Rule Set (CRS) versions prior to 3.3.9 and 4.25.0 allow bypass of file upload restrictions through whitespace-padded filenames, enabling upload of dangerous executable file extensions (.php, .phar, .jsp, .jspx) that should be blocked. Remote attackers can exploit this vulnerability to upload malicious files with high confidence due to the simple nature of the bypass technique (inserting spaces before the file extension), potentially leading to remote code execution depending on web application firewall configuration and application behavior.

Improper access controls in SourceCodester Best Courier Management System 1.0 allow unauthenticated remote attackers to delete users by manipulating the ID parameter in the /ajax.php?action=delete_user endpoint, bypassing authentication requirements. The vulnerability has publicly available exploit code and impacts all versions of the affected software with a CVSS 6.9 score reflecting moderate integrity impact through an easily exploitable network vector.

Keycloak's SingleUseObjectProvider lacks proper type and namespace isolation, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers with user interaction to delete arbitrary single-use entries and replay consumed action tokens such as password reset links, leading to account compromise. The vulnerability requires user interaction (UI:R) and high attack complexity (AC:H), resulting in a CVSS score of 5.3. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.

Remote authentication bypass in SourceCodester Leave Application System 1.0 allows unauthenticated attackers to access user information via insecure direct object reference (IDOR) in the /index.php?page=manage_user endpoint by manipulating the ID parameter. The vulnerability has a publicly available exploit and CVSS 5.3 (low-moderate confidentiality impact), though actual risk depends on the sensitivity of exposed user data and system context.

Authorization bypass in Cesanta Mongoose up to version 7.20 allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to bypass TLS certificate signature verification in the P-384 public key handler (mg_tls_verify_cert_signature function in mongoose.c), potentially enabling man-in-the-middle attacks or unauthorized access. The attack is highly complex (CVSS AC:H) but publicly disclosed exploit code exists, with vendor-released patch available in version 7.21.

SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.3 allows attackers to bypass subject sanitization and forge security tags by exploiting Unicode lookalike characters, enabling email spoofing and phishing attacks that evade gateway security controls. This vulnerability affects all versions prior to 15.0.3, impacts organizations relying on SEPPmail for email security, and requires immediate patching. No public exploit code has been identified at the time of analysis.

SEPPmail Secure Email Gateway before version 15.0.3 allows remote attackers to bypass subject line sanitization controls and forge authentication tags such as [signed OK], enabling email spoofing attacks that could deceive recipients into trusting fraudulent or malicious messages. The vulnerability affects all versions prior to 15.0.3 and has been publicly disclosed by NCSC.ch; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been independently confirmed at time of analysis.