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Power Systems Firmware EUVDEUVD-2026-97872

| CVE-2026-16678 MEDIUM
Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime (CWE-772)
2026-10-12 psirt@us.ibm.com GHSA-ff7h-h85h-qx3m
4.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: us
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain privileged access on adjacent management network
  2. Exploit
    Open repeated connections to Power firmware
  3. Execution
    Exhaust connection resource pool
  4. Impact
    Firmware stops servicing legitimate requests (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Resource cleanup on lifecycle end
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already possess high privileges (PR:H - administrative/authenticated access to the firmware management interface) and network adjacency (AV:A - same local/management segment as the Power Systems service processor, not routable internet access). The affected product must be running one of the vulnerable firmware levels: FW1110.00 through FW1110.31, FW1120.00 through FW1120.01, or FW1060.00 through FW1060.81. No user interaction is needed (UI:N). The key limiting factors are the dual requirements of privileged access and adjacent-network positioning, which together confine realistic exploitation to insiders or attackers who have already established a foothold on the management network; impact is limited to availability with no data exposure.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-to-moderate priority issue despite being a confirmed availability flaw. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.5 (MEDIUM) is consistent with the provided vector CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H: the attack is limited to an adjacent network (AV:A, not internet-wide), requires high privileges (PR:H), and impacts only availability (A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity loss. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified. The CVE is not listed in CISA KEV and no public exploit code was referenced, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. No SSVC decision data was supplied. The signals are internally consistent - a high-privilege, adjacent-network DoS against enterprise firmware is realistically a targeted insider/lateral-movement concern rather than a mass-exploitation threat. The combination of PR:H and AV:A substantially limits real-world exposure; an attacker must already hold privileged access on an adjacent management segment, so this is not a drop-everything issue absent that threat model.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already holds privileged (administrative) access and sits on the same adjacent management network as an IBM Power Systems service processor repeatedly opens connections without proper teardown, exhausting the firmware's connection resource pool. Because of improper resource management (CWE-772), the firmware fails to reclaim these resources and becomes unable to service legitimate management connections, causing a denial of service. No public proof-of-concept was referenced in the available data.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 12, 2026

Connection-resource exhaustion in IBM Power Systems firmware levels FW1110.00 through FW1110.31, FW1120.00 through FW1120.01, and FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 lets a highly privileged attacker on an adjacent network segment drive a denial of service by consuming connections the service processor never releases, until legitimate management traffic can no longer be serviced. The assessed vector (CVSS 4.5, AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) means exploitation requires pre-existing administrative access to the affected interface plus network adjacency to the management segment, which confines realistic risk to insiders or attackers who have already established a foothold on the management network; confidentiality and integrity are unaffected. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and there is no indication of active exploitation, making this a low-to-moderate priority availability issue rather than an urgent one.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; the supplied reference is IBM's support page (https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7287270), which should be treated as the authoritative source for corrected firmware builds and must be re-checked, since fixes for service-processor firmware are typically published as new build levels above the ranges above rather than as a downloadable patch for existing images. Until a corrected level is published, apply compensating controls aimed at the two preconditions this flaw depends on. First, restrict reachability of the service processor management interface: place it on a dedicated, tightly firewalled management VLAN with no route from general user or production networks, since exploitation requires adjacency (AV:A) - the trade-off is that firmware/management access then depends on jump hosts or console access, which can slow legitimate administration. Second, limit and monitor concurrent management sessions: apply per-source connection limits or session quotas on the management segment and alert on abnormal connection counts or sessions that never close, which directly targets the CWE-772 exhaustion pattern but requires management-segment telemetry that many environments lack. Third, enforce credential hygiene and least privilege on the firmware management accounts, because the flaw requires high privileges (PR:H); this reduces insider and post-compromise exposure but does not protect against an attacker who already holds admin credentials. Restarting the service processor will release leaked resources and restore availability, but it is disruptive, drops all other management sessions, and is only a temporary measure because the attacker can repeat the exhaustion. There is no indication of active exploitation, so these mitigations can be scheduled through normal change control rather than emergency response.

Affected VersionsENISA

Virtualization Management Interface FW1060.00 ≤FW1060.81
Virtualization Management Interface FW1110.00 ≤FW1110.31
Virtualization Management Interface FW1120.00 ≤FW1120.01

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-772 (Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime): the firmware opens connection-oriented resources - sessions/handles associated with the Power Systems service processor management interface - and fails to release them once their useful lifetime ends, so repeated or persistent connections accumulate until the pool is depleted. Improper resource management of this class is a classic slow-burn availability bug: each individual request is legitimate and unremarkable, and the failure only manifests as cumulative exhaustion that degrades or blocks further management access. The attack surface is the adjacent management network (AV:A), not a routable internet-facing service, and the privileged requirement (PR:H) reflects that the attacker must already be able to reach and authenticate to the firmware management interface. The absence of a C/I impact component means the flaw is purely a resource-lifetime defect, not a memory-corruption or injection primitive. No CPE strings were supplied with this record, so the exact hardware/service-processor model mapping should be confirmed against IBM's advisory.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (us) PRIMARY 4.5 MEDIUM
AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 4.5 MEDIUM

Adjacent management-network reach (AV:A) and required privileged firmware access (PR:H) with availability-only impact; low complexity resource-exhaustion, no confidentiality or integrity effect.

3.1 AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (us).

CVSS VectorVendor: us

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

IBM Power Systems Firmware FW1110.00 through FW1110.31, FW1120.00 through FW1120.01, and FW1060.00 through FW1060.81 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service by exhausting connection resources due to improper resource management.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 90% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
IBM Power enterprise servers common in datacenters but vendor-specific, not ubiquitous
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Controlled
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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