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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Deliver crafted CID-keyed font in document/content
  2. Delivery
    Victim opens file in FreeType-backed app
  3. Exploit
    Trigger repeated subroutine allocation/decryption
  4. Execution
    Exhaust memory and CPU
  5. Impact
    Application hangs or crashes (DoS)

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource consumption limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires FreeType's CID font loader to process an attacker-supplied, specially crafted CID-keyed font - delivered by embedding or referencing it in content (e.g., a document or web page) that the victim opens. The attack is gated by required user interaction (UI:R): a user or an automated service must actually load and parse the malicious font; it cannot be triggered unsolicited against an idle host. Impact is limited to denial of service (application hang/termination) with no confidentiality or integrity effect. Realistic risk is highest for automated, unattended font/document-processing pipelines (rendering, conversion, or thumbnailing services) that parse untrusted input, and lower for interactive desktop use where a human initiates each open. Any application or service that does not use FreeType for CID-keyed font parsing is unaffected.

Impact

This is a moderate, availability-only issue (CVSS 5.5, A:H with C:N/I:N) best characterized as a resource-exhaustion denial of service rather than a code-execution threat. The CVSS vector marks it AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U: the 'local' attack vector combined with required user interaction reflects the realistic delivery path - a victim must open or process a malicious CID-keyed font/document - even though the NVD description phrases the actor as a 'remote attacker.' That wording is not a true contradiction: it is the standard malicious-file pattern where delivery is remote but the CVSS vector is Local because exploitation hinges on the user handling attacker-supplied content. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC was provided, so there is no evidence of active exploitation; exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' Given impact is capped at DoS (application hang/termination) and requires user interaction, this is a genuine but lower-tier priority - patch in normal cycles, prioritizing servers that automatically parse untrusted fonts (document converters, rendering services) over interactive desktops. A fix commit is referenced upstream, so remediation is available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious CID-keyed font and embeds it in a document, web page, or other content, then lures a victim into opening it in an application that uses FreeType for font parsing. FreeType's CID loader repeatedly allocates and decrypts subroutine data across multiple font dictionaries, exhausting memory and CPU and causing the application or service to hang or crash. No public exploit code was identified in the provided intelligence, and exploitation requires the victim to process the crafted font (UI:R).

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 02, 2026

Denial of service in FreeType's CID-keyed font loader allows attackers to exhaust memory and CPU by supplying a crafted font that triggers repeated allocation and decryption of subroutine data across multiple font dictionaries, causing the consuming application or service to hang or terminate. The issue is rated CVSS 5.5 with availability-only impact (A:H, C:N/I:N) and is gated by user interaction - someone or some automated process must actually load and parse the malicious font, which can be delivered by embedding it in a document, web page, or other parsed content. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation were identified at time of analysis, but the Red Hat advisory points to an upstream FreeType fix commit (f3ca71c9900fe860849b3163a6e2c1e765b291d9) and tracks the flaw under Bugzilla 2462295, so a patched release should be expected; the practical risk is highest for unattended font- or document-processing pipelines rather than interactive desktop use.

RemediationAI

Upstream fix available (PR/commit); released patched version not independently confirmed - the authoritative fix reference is the FreeType commit f3ca71c9900fe860849b3163a6e2c1e765b291d9 at https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/freetype/freetype/-/commit/f3ca71c9900fe860849b3163a6e2c1e765b291d9, so the primary action is to track that commit and upgrade to the first FreeType release containing it as soon as it is published, then consume the corresponding Red Hat errata for RHEL 6/7/8/9/10, Red Hat Hardened Images, and Red Hat Build of OpenJDK 11 ELS as described in https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-95512 and https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2462295 (verify exact fixed package versions in those advisories rather than assuming). Until patched packages are available, the most effective compensating control is containment of the parsing step: run font/document rendering in short-lived, sandboxed workers with enforced memory and CPU cgroups plus hard wall-clock timeouts and automatic restart, accepting the trade-off that legitimately heavy but benign fonts may be killed or fail; restrict untrusted font ingestion on any service that renders or converts CID-keyed fonts, rejecting or pre-normalizing uploaded fonts to a simpler non-CID format, with the caveat that this can break CJK and other script support that relies on CID-keyed fonts. For interactive endpoints, the UI:R prerequisite limits exposure, so reducing the surface (avoiding automatic rendering/thumbnailing of untrusted documents, disabling automatic font preview) lowers the chance a user triggers the loader. Note that FreeType exposes no supported switch to disable CID-keyed font handling specifically, so filter-and-limit strategies are preferable to trying to toggle the feature; blocking network access to font resources does not help for locally embedded fonts and should not be relied on as a mitigation.

Affected VersionsENISA

Red Hat Hardened Images patch: 2.14.3-2.1.hum1

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

FreeType is the widely embedded open-source font rendering library used by Linux desktop stacks (fontconfig, X11/Wayland rendering), command-line rasterizers, printers, and Java2D via the FreeType builds bundled in OpenJDK. The affected code path is the CID font loader, which handles CID-keyed PostScript fonts - fonts whose glyph procedures are partitioned across an FDArray of font dictionaries, each carrying its own encrypted subroutine (Subrs) and charstring data that the loader allocates and decrypts. CVE-2026-95512 maps to CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption): by crafting a CID-keyed font whose dictionaries force repeated allocation-plus-decryption work, an attacker creates an amplification effect that consumes excessive memory and CPU during a single parse. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H reflects that exploitation is unauthenticated (PR:N) but requires the victim (or an automated consumer) to load the font (UI:R), and that impact is confined to availability - no confidentiality or integrity loss, no scope change. The CPE data identifies Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, 7, and 10 (with the advisory tags also covering RHEL 8, 9 and Red Hat Hardened Images) plus Red Hat Build of OpenJDK 11 ELS; these are listed because they ship or bundle FreeType (OpenJDK bundles it for font rendering), not because a distinct vulnerability exists in those products themselves. Any application that does not use FreeType for CID-keyed font parsing is unaffected.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Exploitation needs a user to open a crafted font (UI:R, AV:L); no auth required (PR:N); impact is DoS only, so C:N/I:N but A:H.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Red Hat 5.5 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in FreeType, specifically within its CID font loader. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by tricking a user into opening content that embeds or references a specially crafted CID-keyed font. This crafted font can cause repeated allocations and decryptions of subroutine data across multiple font dictionaries, leading to excessive memory and CPU consumption. This can result in a denial of service (DoS) for the application or service processing the font, potentially causing it to hang or terminate.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 94% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
FreeType is the default font-rendering library across Linux, Android, and countless apps
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

CVE-2025-27363 HIGH
8.1 Mar 11

Arbitrary code execution in FreeType 2.13.0 and earlier via heap buffer overflow when parsing TrueType GX/variable font

CVE-2022-27404 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Apr 22

FreeType commit 1e2eb65048f75c64b68708efed6ce904c31f3b2f was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the functi

CVE-2020-15999 CRITICAL POC
9.6 Nov 03

Heap buffer overflow in Freetype in Google Chrome prior to 86.0.4240.111 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploi

CVE-2014-9662 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

cff/cf2ft.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 does not validate the return values of point-allocation functions, which allows rem

CVE-2014-9674 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

The Mac_Read_POST_Resource function in base/ftobjs.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 proceeds with adding to length values with

CVE-2014-9660 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

The _bdf_parse_glyphs function in bdf/bdflib.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 does not properly handle a missing ENDCHAR recor

CVE-2014-9665 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

The Load_SBit_Png function in sfnt/pngshim.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 does not restrict the rows and pitch values of PNG

CVE-2014-9661 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

type42/t42parse.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 does not consider that scanning can be incomplete without triggering an error

CVE-2014-9659 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

cff/cf2intrp.c in the CFF CharString interpreter in FreeType before 2.5.4 proceeds with additional hints after the hint

CVE-2014-9663 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

The tt_cmap4_validate function in sfnt/ttcmap.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 validates a certain length field before that fi

CVE-2022-27406 HIGH POC
7.5 Apr 22

FreeType commit 22a0cccb4d9d002f33c1ba7a4b36812c7d4f46b5 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the func

CVE-2014-9656 HIGH POC
7.5 Feb 08

The tt_sbit_decoder_load_image function in sfnt/ttsbit.c in FreeType before 2.5.4 does not properly check for an integer

Vendor StatusVendor

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