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IBM Guardium EUVDEUVD-2026-89192

| CVE-2026-84440 HIGH
OS Command Injection (CWE-78)
2026-09-29 ibm GHSA-42cr-f7jq-5689
8.8
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate to Guardium with policy-edit rights
  2. Delivery
    Inject OS command metacharacters into policy alert text
  3. Exploit
    Policy rule fires and triggers SNMP alert
  4. Execution
    SNMP alerter service executes injected text as root
  5. Impact
    Full root compromise of appliance

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated account that can create or modify the alert text of a Guardium security policy, AND the SNMP alert notification feature must be configured/enabled so that the root-privileged SNMP alerter service processes the attacker-supplied alert text. Limiting factors: the attacker needs valid credentials with policy-authoring capability (not a default anonymous path), the targeted deployment must use SNMP alerting, and the product is a specialized enterprise appliance rather than internet-facing commodity software. These conditions mean exploitation is gated behind privileged internal access rather than opportunistic remote scanning.

Impact

This is a credible, high-impact issue but not an emergency. The vendor-supplied CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H = 8.8) reflects network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation requiring some authentication, yielding total compromise because the injected commands execute as root via the SNMP alerter service - consistent with SSVC Technical Impact: 'total'. However, multiple non-CVSS signals temper urgency: SSVC lists Exploitation as 'none' (no observed exploitation) and Automatable as 'no' (the attacker must first obtain authenticated access and influence policy alert text, which is not a mass-scannable condition), and EPSS is only 0.67% (50th percentile), indicating modest predicted exploitation probability. The CVE is NOT in CISA KEV and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. One caveat worth verifying: although PR:L is vendor-assigned, the prerequisite of 'influencing policy alert text' typically implies Guardium policy-authoring rights, which are a privileged administrative function - real-world privilege required may be closer to PR:H than the vector suggests. Net: a genuine root-RCE requiring authenticated, policy-privileged access to a specialized security appliance - patch on a prioritized but not drop-everything timeline.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An authenticated user with the ability to create or edit Guardium security policies embeds shell command-substitution or metacharacters into the alert text of a policy rule. When the rule fires and the SNMP alert notification is generated, the root-privileged SNMP alerter service passes the attacker-controlled text to the OS, executing the embedded commands as root and giving full control of the Guardium appliance. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.7% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv2 – Oct 01, 2026

Command injection in IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 lets an authenticated attacker who can influence security policy alert text execute arbitrary operating system commands with root privileges through the SNMP alert notification functionality. Exploitation is gated behind valid credentials with policy-authoring capability and requires that the deployment actually uses SNMP alerting, so this is a privileged-insider or compromised-account risk rather than an opportunistic remote attack; no public exploit code was identified at time of analysis and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation. IBM has published a vendor patch, and the EPSS score is low (0.67%, ~50th percentile), consistent with a credible high-impact issue that is not an emergency.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Sep 29, 2026 - 18:35 CVSS 7.5

Command injection in the SNMP alert notification functionality of IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 allows an authenticated attacker who can influence or edit policy alert text to have attacker-controlled data executed as operating system commands by the SNMP alerter service, which runs with root privileges. Successful exploitation yields full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) consistent with the CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U vector; the attack is network-reachable but requires valid credentials plus a policy-editing or alert-influencing privilege, and the high attack complexity reflects the need to both control alert content and cause the alert to fire while SNMP alerting is configured and in use. This makes it primarily a post-authentication privilege-escalation and insider risk vector rather than a drive-by remote exploit; there is no confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV) status and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. A vendor patch is available per IBM's advisory.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor patch for IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 as described in IBM's advisory at https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7288035 (patch status: available per vendor advisory; an exact fixed build number was not specified in the available data, so confirm the target release with IBM support before upgrading). Until patching is complete, the most effective compensating control is to disable the SNMP alert notification feature if it is not operationally required, accepting the trade-off that you lose SNMP-based alerting and must rely on the Guardium UI, syslog, or email notification channels instead. Tighten policy-authoring privileges so that only a minimal set of trusted administrators can create or edit policy alert text, since the injection requires that capability; this reduces the attack surface but adds administrative overhead and does not remove the flaw. Restrict network access to the SNMP service (UDP/TCP 161 and 162) to trusted management hosts via firewall or appliance ACLs, remembering that this limits monitoring reach for legitimate SNMP consumers. Where feasible, run the alerter with reduced privileges rather than root to blunt post-exploitation impact, though this may break functionality and is not a substitute for the vendor fix. Finally, monitor alerter and audit logs for unexpected shell metacharacters or child processes spawned by the SNMP alerter service to detect attempted abuse.

Affected VersionsENISA

Guardium Data Protection 12.2

Affected Packages

euvd guardium_data_protection no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a classic OS command injection (CWE-78) in the SNMP alert notification path of IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2, a specialized enterprise data-activity-monitoring (DAM) appliance. Instead of passing attacker-influenced policy alert text through a safe API, the SNMP alerter service interpolates that text into a shell context, so shell metacharacters embedded in alert content are interpreted as commands. Because the alerter runs as root, successful injection yields full control of the underlying operating system. The affected-product CPE (cpe:2.3:a:ibm:guardium_data_protection:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) is version-agnostic, with the EUVD advisory narrowing the impacted release to 12.2. The CVSS:3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H reflects a network-reachable attack with low complexity that requires low privileges and no user interaction, with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact, matching the assessment that a policy-authoring account is the prerequisite. CISA's SSVC decision data rates technical impact as total but exploitation as none and automatable as no, reinforcing that the barrier is the credential and configuration prerequisite rather than exploitation complexity.

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Severity by source

Vendor (ibm) PRIMARY HIGH
NVD 8.8 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 8.8 HIGH

Network-reachable management interface and low attack complexity; PR:L for authenticated policy influence (arguably PR:H since policy editing is privileged); root execution gives full C/I/A.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (ibm).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
CVSS changed
Oct 01, 2026 - 15:52 NVD
7.5 (HIGH) 8.8 (HIGH)
CVE Published
Sep 29, 2026 - 17:51 nvd
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionNVD

IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2 is vulnerable to command injection in the SNMP alert notification functionality. An authenticated attacker who can influence policy alert text can cause attacker-controlled data to be executed as operating system commands by the SNMP alerter service, which runs with root privileges.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

IBM Guardium Data Protection 12.2, a platform many organizations rely on to monitor and audit database activity, contains a command-injection flaw that can yield root-level control of the appliance. The exposure is concentrated rather than broad: it requires an account already trusted to author security policies combined with an environment actively using SNMP alert notifications, pointing to insider misuse or a compromised administrative credential as the realistic threat path. Leadership should care because root access to a data-security monitoring system can be used to disable controls or alter audit records, undermining the integrity of the very evidence used for compliance and incident response.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.7%
Top 50% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
enterprise database activity monitoring appliance, common in large orgs not everywhere
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.7%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

45
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

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