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Zammad EUVDEUVD-2026-87262

| CVE-2026-63216 MEDIUM
Basic XSS (CWE-80)
2026-09-25 GitHub_M
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged user
  2. Delivery
    Set malicious HTML in user/org name or custom attribute option
  3. Exploit
    Wait for admin/agent to open attribute config dialog
  4. Execution
    Raw label rendered unescaped in browser
  5. Impact
    JavaScript executes in privileged session

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization HTML tag escaping
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated attacker able to control a rendered option label - e.g. setting a malicious user or organization name used as a relation-attribute label, or supplying a crafted custom attribute option value (PR:L). Execution is gated on a privileged admin or agent subsequently opening the affected object-attribute / AI Agent options configuration view in the Zammad admin UI, so a victim interaction is effectively required despite the vector's UI:N. Limited to Zammad instances prior to 7.1.2; no exploitation against default configuration without an attacker-influenced label and a victim viewing the config dialog.

Impact

This is a stored/DOM cross-site scripting flaw (CWE-80) in Zammad's admin UI, specifically the object_attribute_options_context element used in AI Agent and object-attribute configuration dialogs, where option labels are emitted as raw HTML (<%- option.label %>) instead of escaped. The vendor CVSS 4.0 score of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) is a reasonable MEDIUM rating, though UI:N is questionable: the payload only executes when a privileged admin or agent actually opens the affected attribute-configuration view, which is genuine user interaction (UI:R/UI:A) - I would model that limiting factor explicitly. All exploitation signals point to low real-world urgency: no EPSS score is provided, the CVE is not on the CISA KEV list, and no public exploit code is referenced. SSVC framework inputs (exploitation status, automatable) are not supplied. The commit diff and an added QUnit regression test confirm the root cause and fix, so the vulnerability is real and verified, but it is a privilege-gated, interaction-dependent stored XSS in a niche self-hosted helpdesk - a routine patch-in-normal-cycle item, not an emergency. No conflicting signals; the main caveat is the UI:N vs UI:R discrepancy.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged authenticated user (or an attacker who can influence a user/organization name or a custom attribute option value) sets a name/label containing an HTML/JavaScript payload such as <img src=x onerror=...>. Later, an admin or agent opens the object-attribute or AI Agent configuration dialog that lists selected options; the raw label is rendered unescaped and the script executes in that privileged browser session. No public exploit code is identified, but the fix commit and its regression test disclose a working payload pattern.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 25, 2026

Stored cross-site scripting in the Zammad helpdesk admin UI (all versions prior to 7.1.2) lets an authenticated attacker inject arbitrary HTML and JavaScript through unsanitized option labels that are rendered as raw HTML in the object-attribute / AI Agent options configuration dialog; the payload executes in the browser of any admin or agent who subsequently opens the affected configuration view. Exploitation requires the attacker to control a rendered label - for example by setting a malicious user or organization name that is later used as a relation-attribute label, or by supplying a crafted custom attribute option value - and then depends on a privileged victim opening that view. Zammad 7.1.2 fixes the flaw; no public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation were identified at time of analysis (CVSS 5.3, no CISA KEV listing).

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Zammad 7.1.2 or later, which switches the Eco template to escaped output (<%= option.label %>) and replaces App.i18n.translateInline with App.i18n.translatePlain for option labels, as detailed in advisory https://github.com/zammad/zammad/security/advisories/GHSA-r95m-ghj7-646x and commit https://github.com/zammad/zammad/commit/74b4fd4db62dc3652bb9db24096a2fbd1b56dc7f . If immediate upgrade is not possible, apply compensating controls that break the attacker-controlled-label prerequisite: restrict who can create or rename users and organizations and who can define or edit custom attribute option values (least privilege on those admin capabilities), since the payload depends on an attacker-supplied label - the trade-off is reduced flexibility for helpdesk and admin workflows that legitimately let agents maintain organization/contact names and custom attributes. Also limit access to the admin UI and to the object-attribute/AI Agent configuration views to trusted administrators (side effect: broader operational duties must be delegated to fewer accounts), and consider a Content-Security-Policy on the Zammad admin interface to blunt script execution, understanding that nonce/hash maintenance and third-party asset requirements can be disruptive. Administrators should also review and clean existing user, organization, and custom attribute option values for HTML/script markup, since already-stored labels remain dangerous in unpatched instances.

Affected VersionsENISA

Zammad < 7.1.2

Affected Packages

euvd zammad fix: 7.1.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-80 (Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page), a stored/DOM cross-site scripting class issue. Zammad's admin UI is a single-page CoffeeScript/Spine application built on Eco (Embedded CoffeeScript) templates. In the template app/assets/javascripts/app/views/generic/object_attribute_options_context.jst.eco the selected-option row was emitted with the raw-output tag <%- option.label %>, which Eco renders as unescaped HTML, rather than the escaping form <%= option.label %>. Supporting code in app/assets/javascripts/app/controllers/_ui_element/object_attribute_options_context.coffee additionally passed labels through App.i18n.translateInline(), which returns HTML-marked translation output, instead of App.i18n.translatePlain(). The upstream fix (commit 74b4fd4db62dc3652bb9db24096a2fbd1b56dc7f, advisory GHSA-r95m-ghj7-646x) swaps the Eco tag to the escaping variant and switches translateInline to translatePlain so labels are treated as text, and adds a QUnit regression test that asserts an <img src=x onerror=...> payload neither injects an image element nor executes for hash-form options, array-form options (buildFlatOptions), and relation-derived labels (displayName()). The affected component covers the object_attribute_options_context UI element used in AI Agent and object-attribute configuration dialogs; the CPE string cpe:2.3:a:zammad:zammad:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* indicates the whole product line is treated as affected below the fixed release.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.4 MEDIUM

Authenticated attacker sets a label (PR:L); payload fires only when an admin/agent opens the config view (UI:R); XSS executes in the victim's browser crossing trust boundary (S:C) with limited C/I impact, no availability effect.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
Patch available
Sep 25, 2026 - 19:04 EUVD

DescriptionCVE.org

Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, unsanitized option labels are rendered in the configuration dialogs of AI Agents within Zammad's admin UI. When rendering the list of selected options, the option label is output as raw HTML without escaping. An attacker who can control an option label, for example by setting a malicious string as a user or organization name used in a relation attribute, or by supplying a crafted custom attribute option value, can inject arbitrary HTML and JavaScript. The payload executes in the browser of any admin or agent who opens the affected object attribute configuration view. This issue is fixed in version 7.1.2.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 86% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
Self-hosted open-source helpdesk, modest deployment footprint versus mainstream enterprise software
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.

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