Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessAuthenticate as normal workspace member
-
DeliveryObtain victim's active MCP tool_id
-
ExploitRequest tool-detail route bypassing per-resource authz
-
ExecutionRead Tool.code with MCP server config and headers
-
PersistEmbed foreign mcp_tool_id in attacker-owned workflow mcp-node
-
ImpactRun workflow debug using owner's MCP config
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization checks on every request
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated normal (non-privileged) user account within the same MaxKB workspace as the victim (PR:L) plus prior knowledge of the victim's active MCP tool_id - the tool-detail route fails to apply the per-resource authorization that the list route enforces. Secondary abuse (using the foreign MCP configuration) requires the attacker to have permission to create or edit an attacker-owned workflow and run workflow debug. Limiting factors: exploitation is confined to members of the same workspace, needs a valid/known tool_id, and yields only disclosure of MCP config/headers and unauthorized use of that configuration - no direct integrity or availability impact. Affects MaxKB 2.10.2-lts and earlier; no fixed version available at time of review. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but modestly-scoped authorization flaw (CWE-862 missing object-level authorization / IDOR), not a true 'Authentication Bypass' as tagged. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N, base 5.0) is internally consistent with the description: a network-reachable, low-complexity request from an already-authenticated workspace member, no user interaction, scope change (S:C, because the attacker reads another user's resource across a privilege boundary), and low confidentiality impact (leak of Tool.code / MCP server config and headers) with no integrity or availability impact. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC is provided, so there is no signal of active or automated exploitation - this is a targeted, insider-style abuse requiring an authenticated same-workspace account plus prior knowledge of a victim's active MCP tool_id, not a mass-exploitable RCE. Realistic priority is MEDIUM-LOW: the real-world risk is bounded by the authentication requirement, the niche self-hosted deployment footprint, and the fact that impact is confined to disclosure/misuse of MCP configuration rather than direct code execution. Key limiting factor to flag: no fixed version is available as of this review, so mitigation is currently operational (access control / trust in workspace members) rather than a patch. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An authenticated normal member of a MaxKB workspace learns or enumerates another user's active MCP tool_id and requests it via the tool-detail route, which - unlike the list route - skips per-resource authorization and returns Tool.code containing the owner's MCP server configuration and headers. The attacker then embeds that foreign mcp_tool_id in an attacker-owned workflow's mcp-node and runs workflow debug, causing MaxKB to execute against the victim's MCP configuration without any permission check. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis; exploitation is straightforward given valid workspace credentials and a known tool_id. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 21, 2026
Missing object-level authorization in MaxKB 2.10.2-lts and earlier lets an authenticated, non-privileged user of a workspace read another user's hidden MCP tool record - including the Tool.code field, which can embed MCP server configuration and headers - by requesting the tool-detail route with a known tool_id. The same weakness permits a secondary abuse path: a user who can create or edit their own workflow can reference the foreign mcp_tool_id in a workflow MCP node so that workflow debug executes with the victim's MCP configuration without any permission check. The flaw is confined to members of the same workspace and requires prior knowledge of a valid tool_id, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis; no fixed version is available as of this review.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis - MaxKB 2.10.2-lts and earlier remain affected and the vendor advisory lists no fixed release, so upgrading is not yet an option and compensating controls should be applied in the interim. Treat MCP tool configurations and their embedded headers as secrets: rotate any credentials, API keys, or bearer tokens that may have appeared in a Tool.code field, since disclosure of that field is the primary confidentiality impact. Because exploitation requires workspace membership plus a known tool_id, reduce exposure by auditing workspace membership and removing untrusted or stale accounts, and avoid distributing tool_ids or tool identifiers outside the workspace. If the deployment does not require MCP tool debugging, disable or restrict the workflow debug feature and prevent low-privileged users from creating or editing workflows (or from attaching MCP nodes), which cuts off the secondary abuse path at the cost of reduced authoring flexibility for those users. At the network layer, restrict access to the tool-detail and workflow debug endpoints to trusted administrative networks or roles via a reverse proxy, remembering that this degrades usability for legitimate remote workspace members, and monitor logs for anomalous tool-detail requests or repeated tool_id enumeration as a detection measure. Re-check the GHSA advisory (https://github.com/1Panel-dev/MaxKB/security/advisories/GHSA-x65c-w438-c58f) periodically for a patched release and apply it as soon as one is published.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization), specifically a missing object-level, per-resource authorization check (an IDOR-class defect in the MCP tool subsystem). MaxKB exposes a tool-list route that correctly enforces per-resource authorization, but the corresponding tool-detail route does not apply the same check, so a caller supplying another user's active MCP tool_id receives the full tool object rather than a denial. The disclosed object contains Tool.code, which for MCP integrations can carry server configuration and authorization headers - making the leak a credential/config exposure rather than just metadata. A second code path compounds the issue: workflow MCP nodes accept an arbitrary mcp_tool_id, and workflow debug resolves that tool using the tool owner's MCP configuration without verifying that the workflow author has permission to use it, effectively letting a low-privileged user invoke a foreign MCP integration under its owner's identity and configuration. The CVSS vector marks scope as changed (S:C) because the vulnerable component's authorization decision affects resources owned by another user, but confidentiality impact is limited (C:L) with no integrity or availability impact; the advisory is tagged 'Authentication Bypass', though the actual weakness is object-level authorization rather than a true bypass of authentication.
Know when Maxkb gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
Authenticated workspace member (PR:L) makes a low-complexity network request; S:C because it crosses the per-resource authorization boundary; C:L for leaked MCP config/headers, no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
DescriptionCVE.org
MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. In 2.10.2-lts and earlier, a normal workspace user who knows another user's active MCP tool_id in the same workspace can retrieve the hidden tool through the tool-detail route because it does not apply the per-resource authorization used by the list route. The response includes Tool.code, which may contain MCP server configuration and headers, and an attacker who can create or edit an attacker-owned workflow can place the same foreign mcp_tool_id in a workflow mcp-node so workflow debug uses the owner's MCP configuration without verifying permission to use that tool. No fixed version is available as of this review.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
MaxKB prior to version 1.10.8-lts contains an incomplete sandbox implementation that only blacklists binary execution in
Command injection in MaxKB before 2.10.5-lts allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary shell commands
Sandbox escape and privilege escalation in MaxKB 2.3.1 and earlier allow an attacker who can submit or trigger custom Py
Server-side request forgery in MaxKB before 2.10.0 allows any authenticated user holding the default workspace USER role
Authenticated workspace members on MaxKB deployments prior to 2.10.5-lts can escalate to root-level command execution by
Server-side request forgery in MaxKB (open-source AI assistant from 1Panel-dev) allows an authenticated user with permis
OS command injection in MaxKB (1Panel-dev's open-source enterprise AI assistant) before 2.10.0-lts lets an authenticated
Privilege escalation in MaxKB 2.3.1 and earlier allows an authenticated, low-privileged user to overwrite the built-in d
Authentication bypass in MaxKB (1Panel-dev) versions prior to 2.9.0 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to invoke we
Cross-workspace read and modification of model parameter defaults in MaxKB 2.10.3-lts and earlier is possible for an aut
Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) via Eval Injection in MaxKB's Markdown rendering engine allows authenticated users to
Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in MaxKB 2.7.1 and below allows authenticated users to inject malicious JavaScript thr
EUVD-2026-84154
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
GitHub
VulDB
Exploit-DB