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MaxKB CVE-2026-79916

| EUVDEUVD-2026-84153 CRITICAL
OS Command Injection (CWE-78)
2026-09-21 GitHub_M
9.1
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: GitHub_M
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as workspace member
  2. Delivery
    Inject control chars into Bedrock keys
  3. Exploit
    Append rogue profile with credential_process
  4. Execution
    Trigger model-validation selecting profile
  5. Persist
    botocore executes command as root
  6. Impact
    Full host compromise

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated MaxKB workspace member (PR:L) on a pre-2.10.5-lts instance where the AWS Bedrock model provider path is reachable. The attacker must (1) inject control/newline characters into the access_key_id or secret_access_key fields that _update_aws_credentials writes unsafely into /root/.aws/credentials, forging a new profile containing a credential_process directive, and (2) issue a subsequent model-validation request that selects the injected profile so botocore invokes the process. Code executes as root because MaxKB writes to and reads /root/.aws/credentials as root, so the impact is gated on the service running with root privileges. Limiting factors: valid workspace credentials, use of the Bedrock provider, and the two-step inject-then-trigger sequence.

Impact

This is a genuine high-priority issue, not a high-CVSS-but-low-real-risk artifact. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L, 9.1) describes network-reachable exploitation by a low-privileged authenticated user, and the underlying mechanism - CWE-78 command injection culminating in botocore executing an attacker-controlled command via a crafted credential_process AWS profile - yields code execution as root, which is more severe than the vendor's I:L/A:L impact suggests (full root RCE warrants I:H/A:H). No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC is present in the supplied intelligence, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis'; however, the fix commit (a1e413d1), PR #6418 diff, and GHSA-2324-7xjr-9qxg advisory are all published, giving skilled attackers a clear roadmap to the vulnerable pre-2.10.5-lts logic. The main tempering factor is the PR:L requirement (an authenticated workspace member) plus the need for the AWS Bedrock provider path - genuine but modest gates for an enterprise self-hosted tool. No signals conflict; the only discrepancy is vendor impact scoring versus the described root-RCE outcome, noted above.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An authenticated MaxKB workspace member configures an AWS Bedrock model and injects control characters (newlines) into the access_key_id/secret_access_key fields, which _update_aws_credentials writes verbatim into /root/.aws/credentials, appending a rogue AWS profile containing a credential_process directive. The attacker then issues a later model-validation request selecting that profile, causing botocore to execute the attacker-specified command as root. No public exploit is identified, but the patch diff and advisory disclose the exact vulnerable parsing path.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 21, 2026

Authenticated workspace members on MaxKB deployments prior to 2.10.5-lts can escalate to root-level command execution by abusing how the AWS Bedrock provider stores credentials. Because MaxKB writes user-supplied access_key_id and secret_access_key values into /root/.aws/credentials without proper parsing, an attacker can smuggle control characters and a forged [profile] block containing a credential_process directive, then trigger a later model-validation request that makes botocore run an attacker-controlled command as root. Exploitation requires valid workspace credentials, the reachable Bedrock provider configuration path, and a two-step inject-then-trigger sequence on a service running with root privileges; vendor-released patch 2.10.5-lts is available and no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to MaxKB 2.10.5-lts, the vendor-released fixed version, which replaces the unsafe regex credential handling with configparser-based writing plus validation that rejects control characters, empty values, and leading/trailing whitespace in profile names and AWS credential fields; confirm the upgrade per the advisory at https://github.com/1Panel-dev/MaxKB/security/advisories/GHSA-2324-7xjr-9qxg. If immediate upgrade is not possible, run the MaxKB service as a dedicated non-root user so that any injected credential_process command executes without root privileges (trade-off: this changes file ownership and paths for /root/.aws, so the credentials location and container permissions must be adjusted and some deployment assumptions may break), and restrict the ability to create or modify AWS Bedrock provider configurations to trusted administrators only (trade-off: reduces multi-tenant flexibility and requires role/permission review in the workspace UI). Additionally, inspect /root/.aws/credentials for unexpected profile sections or credential_process directives and remove any profiles that were not intentionally created, and consider removing the Bedrock provider entirely if it is not needed. Note that these compensating controls reduce impact or attack surface but do not eliminate the injection primitive; patching is the only complete fix.

Affected VersionsENISA

MaxKB < 2.10.5-lts

Affected Packages

euvd maxkb fix: 2.10.5-lts

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a command-injection issue (CWE-78) rooted in unsafe construction of an INI-style configuration file. MaxKB's AWS Bedrock model provider previously built /root/.aws/credentials by string concatenation and regular-expression rewriting: it deleted an existing profile block with a regex and appended a new profile using raw access_key_id and secret_access_key values, rejecting only literal newline characters. That check was insufficient against the full C0/C1 control-character range (0x00-0x1f plus 0x7f), so an attacker could inject carriage returns and other control characters to terminate the intended value and start a new [profile] section. The AWS SDK for Python (botocore) resolves credentials through a layered provider chain, and any profile it reads from that shared file may declare credential_process, a directive that causes an external program to be executed to produce credentials. When MaxKB subsequently validates a model using the attacker-named profile, botocore invokes the embedded command. The upstream fix (commit a1e413d196004421ab0953ee0baa13d4ca0fe3c4, PR #6418) replaces regex string assembly with configparser.RawConfigParser using strict=False and optionxform=str, and adds explicit validators that reject empty values, leading/trailing whitespace, and any characters in the 0x00-0x1f and 0x7f ranges in both the profile name and credential values. Severity is amplified because the credential file lives under /root and is read and written by the MaxKB service, so the injected command inherits root privileges; the CPE cpe:2.3:a:1panel-dev:maxkb:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* corresponds to all MaxKB builds before the fixed LTS release.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (GitHub_M) PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L
vuln.today AI 9.9 CRITICAL

Network-reachable authenticated workspace member (PR:L) achieves root command execution escaping the app to the host (S:C), giving full C/I/A:H; AC:L as injection and trigger are straightforward.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).

CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Sep 21, 2026 - 22:02 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 21, 2026 - 20:34 cve.org
CRITICAL 9.1

DescriptionCVE.org

MaxKB is an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. Prior to 2.10.5-lts, authenticated workspace members can inject control characters into AWS Bedrock access_key_id and secret_access_key fields that _update_aws_credentials writes to /root/.aws/credentials without safe parsing. An attacker can append a new AWS profile containing credential_process, then select that profile during a later model-validation request so botocore executes an attacker-controlled command as root. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.10.5-lts.

Technical POC Analysis

Class: CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command.

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

MaxKB deployments running versions earlier than 2.10.5-lts expose organizations to full root-level server compromise, because a user who already holds a valid MaxKB workspace account can chain how the AWS Bedrock provider stores credentials into arbitrary command execution as root. This matters because these self-hosted deployments hold enterprise knowledge content and cloud model credentials while commonly running as root, so one malicious workspace member can reach the whole host, its data, and any AWS keys stored alongside the Bedrock configuration. Severity is rated CRITICAL (CVSS 9.1) and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the required preconditions are realistic in any deployment where the Bedrock provider path is configured and reachable.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch (MaxKB 2.10.5-lts); if upgrade is not immediately possible or patch availability cannot be confirmed, run MaxKB under a non-root service account, restrict the AWS Bedrock provider configuration path to trusted administrators, avoid storing long-lived AWS keys in the provider form, and monitor /root/.aws/credentials for injected profiles or credential_process directives.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 80% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
popular open-source self-hosted AI assistant, but niche production enterprise footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

46
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +46
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

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