Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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ReconObtain account with NOTEBOOK_EDITOR role
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DeliveryCraft malicious VQL payload in notebook cell
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ExploitDefault daily backup captures poisoned notebook
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InstallAdministrator initiates notebook backup restoration
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C2Restoration pipeline interpolates cell content into template without ACL check
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ExecuteVQL executes at elevated server permissions
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ImpactRead or modify all endpoint forensic telemetry and server configuration
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Template injection prevention
|
| Exploitation Conditions | The attacker must hold an active Velociraptor account with the NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission - a non-default role that must be explicitly granted by an administrator. Exploitation also requires that a Velociraptor administrator independently performs a notebook backup restoration after the payload is planted; the attacker cannot directly trigger this second step. The automatic daily backup feature must be active (it is on by default) and must have captured the attacker's poisoned notebook before the restore occurs. The vulnerability does not apply to normal notebook read or edit operations - only the restoration code path skips ACL enforcement. Limiting factors: NOTEBOOK_EDITOR must be deliberately assigned; the administrator's restore action is an independent, time-delayed trigger outside attacker control; and the attack requires patience and timing rather than immediate exploitation. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N, score 7.7) accurately reflects the multi-step nature of this attack: low privilege to plant the payload, high complexity from the required chaining, mandatory user interaction from an administrator performing the restore, and a scope change representing the privilege boundary break. The C:H/I:H impacts capture the full read-and-write access to Velociraptor's server data store that an escalated VQL query can achieve. EPSS data is absent from the input and this CVE is not in CISA KEV, so no public exploitation is confirmed. The risk is highest in organizations that rely on the default daily backup schedule and periodically restore notebooks - even a mid-sized security operations team in malbork using Velociraptor for active incident response should treat this as a priority patch, given that NOTEBOOK_EDITOR is routinely granted to analysts and the backup feature is on by default. Because Velociraptor is deployed by security teams managing sensitive endpoint telemetry, a successful privilege escalation can expose all collected forensic artifacts. No exact patched release version was confirmed in input data, creating a brief window risk for teams tracking only tagged releases. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A malicious insider or attacker who has compromised an analyst account holding NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permissions crafts a VQL payload within a notebook cell - for example, a query that reads Velociraptor's internal secret store or modifies server-level artifact definitions. The default daily backup captures this notebook. When a Velociraptor administrator subsequently restores that backup during routine maintenance or disaster recovery, the poisoned cell content is interpolated into the restoration template without ACL enforcement, executing the VQL at server-level privileges and granting the attacker read and write access across all collected forensic endpoint data. No public proof-of-concept exploit code has been identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 10, 2026
Template injection in Velociraptor's notebook backup restoration pipeline allows a low-privileged NOTEBOOK_EDITOR user to execute arbitrary VQL queries at elevated server-level permissions. The daily backup feature - enabled by default - captures notebook cell content verbatim; when an administrator later restores the backup, that content is interpolated into a Go template without ACL enforcement, breaking the privilege boundary between analyst and server roles. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the chained attack path (plant payload, wait for restore) represents a credible insider or compromised-analyst escalation vector against DFIR infrastructure.
RemediationAI
Apply the fix from GitHub pull request #4967 (https://github.com/Velocidex/velociraptor/pull/4967) once it is merged into an official tagged release - consult the vendor advisory at http://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/advisories/cve-2026-19584/ for the confirmed patched version, which was not specified in the input data. As a compensating control prior to patching, restrict the NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission to only fully trusted users who strictly require it, since planting the payload requires this role. Additionally, review backup restoration procedures so that restores are performed deliberately by designated administrators aware of this risk, reducing the probability of inadvertently triggering the exploit. Temporarily disabling the automatic daily notebook backup feature in server configuration is a higher-impact workaround that eliminates the vulnerable restoration path but sacrifices backup continuity - weigh this against operational needs.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Velociraptor is a digital forensics and incident response (DFIR) platform developed and maintained by Rapid7, identified by CPE cpe:2.3:a:rapid7:velociraptor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (all versions affected). It uses VQL (Velociraptor Query Language) to query endpoint state and the notebook subsystem to create collaborative investigation workspaces. The root cause is CWE-1336 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine - SSTI): the backup restoration pipeline interpolates saved notebook cell content directly into a server-side template without invoking the standard ACL machinery. A VQL payload authored by a NOTEBOOK_EDITOR-role user therefore inherits the elevated privilege context of the restore operation rather than the original author's restricted context. The GitHub PR #4967 fix adds the principal identifier as an explicit parameter throughout the client monitoring and event table service layers, ensuring ACL checks are applied consistently during restoration.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Chained attack requires low-privileged NOTEBOOK_EDITOR account (PR:L), admin restore action (UI:R), and specific backup timing (AC:H); scope change to server-level VQL execution yields C:H/I:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (rapid7).
CVSS VectorVendor: rapid7
DescriptionCVE.org
Velociraptor allows for the creation of notebook backups in its default enabled daily backup feature. When Velociraptor restores the backup, the notebook cell content is interpolated into a template with no ACL checks. This allows a malicious user with NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission to plant a VQL query which will be evaluated at elevated permissions if the notebook's backup is subsequently restored.
Executive ViewAI
Velociraptor's notebook backup restoration feature contains a privilege escalation flaw allowing lower-level security analysts to bypass access controls and execute forensic queries at server-level permissions. This vulnerability directly threatens the integrity of DFIR investigations and creates an insider-threat vector for compromised analysts to access sensitive case data. Security operations teams must treat this as a critical control failure in investigative infrastructure requiring immediate patching.
Apply vendor patch. Until patched, disable the notebook backup feature if operationally feasible, restrict NOTEBOOK_EDITOR role to senior analysts only, and implement immediate logging and alerting on all backup restoration activities.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Related Vulnerabilities in Velociraptor Permission and Template Injection Flaws
View all 2More in Velociraptor
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Privilege escalation in Rapid7 Velociraptor's multi-tenant org management allows child org administrators to delete any
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Cross-organization ACL disclosure in Velocidex Velociraptor before 0.76.5 allows any authenticated low-privilege user to
Vendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Important| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 16.0 | Affected |
EUVD-2026-75234
GHSA-52wr-g3vp-7h6v
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB