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Velociraptor EUVDEUVD-2026-75234

| CVE-2026-19584 HIGH
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336)
2026-09-10 rapid7 GHSA-52wr-g3vp-7h6v
7.7
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: rapid7
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Obtain account with NOTEBOOK_EDITOR role
  2. Delivery
    Craft malicious VQL payload in notebook cell
  3. Exploit
    Default daily backup captures poisoned notebook
  4. Install
    Administrator initiates notebook backup restoration
  5. C2
    Restoration pipeline interpolates cell content into template without ACL check
  6. Execute
    VQL executes at elevated server permissions
  7. Impact
    Read or modify all endpoint forensic telemetry and server configuration

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Template injection prevention
Exploitation Conditions

The attacker must hold an active Velociraptor account with the NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission - a non-default role that must be explicitly granted by an administrator. Exploitation also requires that a Velociraptor administrator independently performs a notebook backup restoration after the payload is planted; the attacker cannot directly trigger this second step. The automatic daily backup feature must be active (it is on by default) and must have captured the attacker's poisoned notebook before the restore occurs. The vulnerability does not apply to normal notebook read or edit operations - only the restoration code path skips ACL enforcement. Limiting factors: NOTEBOOK_EDITOR must be deliberately assigned; the administrator's restore action is an independent, time-delayed trigger outside attacker control; and the attack requires patience and timing rather than immediate exploitation.

Impact

The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N, score 7.7) accurately reflects the multi-step nature of this attack: low privilege to plant the payload, high complexity from the required chaining, mandatory user interaction from an administrator performing the restore, and a scope change representing the privilege boundary break. The C:H/I:H impacts capture the full read-and-write access to Velociraptor's server data store that an escalated VQL query can achieve. EPSS data is absent from the input and this CVE is not in CISA KEV, so no public exploitation is confirmed. The risk is highest in organizations that rely on the default daily backup schedule and periodically restore notebooks - even a mid-sized security operations team in malbork using Velociraptor for active incident response should treat this as a priority patch, given that NOTEBOOK_EDITOR is routinely granted to analysts and the backup feature is on by default. Because Velociraptor is deployed by security teams managing sensitive endpoint telemetry, a successful privilege escalation can expose all collected forensic artifacts. No exact patched release version was confirmed in input data, creating a brief window risk for teams tracking only tagged releases.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A malicious insider or attacker who has compromised an analyst account holding NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permissions crafts a VQL payload within a notebook cell - for example, a query that reads Velociraptor's internal secret store or modifies server-level artifact definitions. The default daily backup captures this notebook. When a Velociraptor administrator subsequently restores that backup during routine maintenance or disaster recovery, the poisoned cell content is interpolated into the restoration template without ACL enforcement, executing the VQL at server-level privileges and granting the attacker read and write access across all collected forensic endpoint data. No public proof-of-concept exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 10, 2026

Template injection in Velociraptor's notebook backup restoration pipeline allows a low-privileged NOTEBOOK_EDITOR user to execute arbitrary VQL queries at elevated server-level permissions. The daily backup feature - enabled by default - captures notebook cell content verbatim; when an administrator later restores the backup, that content is interpolated into a Go template without ACL enforcement, breaking the privilege boundary between analyst and server roles. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the chained attack path (plant payload, wait for restore) represents a credible insider or compromised-analyst escalation vector against DFIR infrastructure.

RemediationAI

Apply the fix from GitHub pull request #4967 (https://github.com/Velocidex/velociraptor/pull/4967) once it is merged into an official tagged release - consult the vendor advisory at http://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/advisories/cve-2026-19584/ for the confirmed patched version, which was not specified in the input data. As a compensating control prior to patching, restrict the NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission to only fully trusted users who strictly require it, since planting the payload requires this role. Additionally, review backup restoration procedures so that restores are performed deliberately by designated administrators aware of this risk, reducing the probability of inadvertently triggering the exploit. Temporarily disabling the automatic daily notebook backup feature in server configuration is a higher-impact workaround that eliminates the vulnerable restoration path but sacrifices backup continuity - weigh this against operational needs.

Affected VersionsENISA

Velociraptor 0 <0.77.2

Affected Packages

euvd velociraptor fix: 0.77.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Velociraptor is a digital forensics and incident response (DFIR) platform developed and maintained by Rapid7, identified by CPE cpe:2.3:a:rapid7:velociraptor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (all versions affected). It uses VQL (Velociraptor Query Language) to query endpoint state and the notebook subsystem to create collaborative investigation workspaces. The root cause is CWE-1336 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine - SSTI): the backup restoration pipeline interpolates saved notebook cell content directly into a server-side template without invoking the standard ACL machinery. A VQL payload authored by a NOTEBOOK_EDITOR-role user therefore inherits the elevated privilege context of the restore operation rather than the original author's restricted context. The GitHub PR #4967 fix adds the principal identifier as an explicit parameter throughout the client monitoring and event table service layers, ensuring ACL checks are applied consistently during restoration.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (rapid7) PRIMARY 7.7 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 7.7 HIGH

Chained attack requires low-privileged NOTEBOOK_EDITOR account (PR:L), admin restore action (UI:R), and specific backup timing (AC:H); scope change to server-level VQL execution yields C:H/I:H.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE HIGH

Primary rating from Vendor (rapid7).

CVSS VectorVendor: rapid7

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Velociraptor allows for the creation of notebook backups in its default enabled daily backup feature. When Velociraptor restores the backup, the notebook cell content is interpolated into a template with no ACL checks. This allows a malicious user with NOTEBOOK_EDITOR permission to plant a VQL query which will be evaluated at elevated permissions if the notebook's backup is subsequently restored.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Velociraptor's notebook backup restoration feature contains a privilege escalation flaw allowing lower-level security analysts to bypass access controls and execute forensic queries at server-level permissions. This vulnerability directly threatens the integrity of DFIR investigations and creates an insider-threat vector for compromised analysts to access sensitive case data. Security operations teams must treat this as a critical control failure in investigative infrastructure requiring immediate patching.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. Until patched, disable the notebook backup feature if operationally feasible, restrict NOTEBOOK_EDITOR role to senior analysts only, and implement immediate logging and alerting on all backup restoration activities.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 91% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
specialized DFIR tool deployed only by security teams
Social Media
2
Sightings
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment Vendor CIRCL GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

38
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Related Vulnerabilities in Velociraptor Permission and Template Injection Flaws

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CVE-2026-64954 HIGH
8.2 Aug 12

Privilege escalation in Velociraptor's notebook VQL execution path allows analyst-role users to bypass the COLLECT_CLIEN

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CVE-2025-6264 MEDIUM POC
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Velociraptor allows collection of VQL queries packaged into Artifacts from endpoints. These artifacts can be used to do

CVE-2026-6290 CRITICAL
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Multi-tenancy authorization bypass in Velociraptor before 0.76.3 allows authenticated GUI users to execute VQL queries a

CVE-2026-19200 HIGH
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Privilege escalation in Velociraptor allows any user with the NOTEBOOK_EDIT permission - typically an analyst-level role

CVE-2023-0242 HIGH
8.8 Jan 18

Rapid7 Velociraptor allows users to be created with different privileges on the server. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8),

CVE-2026-18860 HIGH
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Privilege escalation in Rapid7 Velociraptor's multi-tenant org management allows child org administrators to delete any

CVE-2026-15371 HIGH
8.1 Aug 18

Cross-site scripting in Velociraptor's web GUI arises from unsanitized URL scheme handling in URL-typed table columns, e

CVE-2026-7573 HIGH
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Cross-organization ACL disclosure in Velocidex Velociraptor before 0.76.5 allows any authenticated low-privilege user to

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 Affected
openSUSE Leap 16.0 Affected

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