Skip to main content

Traefik EUVDEUVD-2026-71019

| CVE-2026-85596 HIGH
Improper Authentication (CWE-287)
2026-09-04 VulnCheck GHSA-rgpg-cpwg-4f45
8.2
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
View

Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify shared hostname across two Ingress objects
  2. Delivery
    Confirm auth-tls-verify-client annotation present
  3. Exploit
    Send HTTPS request without client certificate
  4. Execution
    Traefik detects TLS options conflict
  5. Persist
    Falls back to default TLS (no client cert required)
  6. Impact
    Access mTLS-protected back-end service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires all of the following conditions to be simultaneously present: Traefik v3.7.0-v3.7.10 deployed as a Kubernetes Ingress controller using the Ingress NGINX provider; at least two Ingress objects must reference the same hostname; both Ingresses must carry the nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-secret annotation pointing to the same client CA secret; and both must have auth-tls-verify-client set to "on" (or the same verification mode). The attacker does not need credentials or a client certificate - they simply connect to the affected hostname over HTTPS without presenting a certificate. Exploitation is limited to the v3.7.x line only; prior major versions are not affected. The triggering configuration can arise unintentionally in multi-tenant clusters where teams independently deploy Ingresses for shared hostnames, but requires the coincidence of matching host, CA, and auth mode across two separate objects.

Impact

The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H) captures the core tension: network exploitation is straightforward once the triggering configuration is present, but AT:P (attack requirements present) correctly reflects that the vulnerable state requires two Ingress objects co-existing on the same host. In practice, multi-tenant Kubernetes clusters - where different teams independently deploy Ingress resources for a shared hostname - naturally produce this collision, making the condition less exotic than it first appears. EPSS data is not provided, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, suggesting no confirmed widespread exploitation at time of analysis. However, the confidentiality impact is high: a successful bypass grants access to back-end services that operators explicitly intended to restrict to certificate-authenticated clients, potentially exposing sensitive APIs or internal dashboards. Even a mid-sized municipal IT team in gniezno operating a shared Kubernetes cluster should treat this as urgent if running any v3.7.x Traefik instance with mTLS Ingress policies, given the ease of upgrade to v3.7.11 and the silent nature of the fallback - administrators may not realize their mTLS policy has been voided. The absence of a public exploit reduces immediate pressure slightly, but the vulnerability is conceptually trivial to exploit once the triggering configuration is identified.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker targeting a Kubernetes cluster discovers that a sensitive internal API endpoint is fronted by Traefik with auth-tls-verify-client: "on", but also observes (via DNS enumeration or leaked Ingress configs) that a second Ingress on the same hostname exists with the same CA annotation. The attacker sends a standard HTTPS request to the API without a client certificate; Traefik, having detected a TLS options conflict between the two Ingresses, silently falls back to the default TLS configuration and serves the connection, bypassing the mTLS gate entirely. No client certificate or private key is required.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.

Alert me

AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 04, 2026

Client certificate authentication bypass in Traefik v3.7.0-v3.7.10 allows unauthenticated network clients to reach services protected by the nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-verify-client: "on" annotation without presenting a valid mTLS client certificate. The flaw stems from a naming collision in the Kubernetes Ingress NGINX provider: when two Ingress objects share the same host, client CA secret, and authentication mode, Traefik's conflict-resolution logic silently falls back to the entry point's default TLS configuration, which imposes no client certificate requirement. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the issue is fixed in Traefik v3.7.11.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to Traefik v3.7.11, which resolves the TLS option naming conflict so that duplicate options for the same host no longer trigger a fallback to the default TLS configuration. The fix is confirmed in the vendor's GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-j994-9gqj-9hwq at https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-j994-9gqj-9hwq. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, a viable workaround is to ensure that no two Ingress objects share the same hostname with the auth-tls-secret annotation - consolidating mTLS-protected routes for a given host into a single Ingress object eliminates the naming collision that triggers the fallback. Note that this workaround may require re-architecting multi-team Ingress layouts and carries operational complexity. Another compensating control is to enforce network policies or service mesh mTLS at the application layer independently of Traefik, so that even if the ingress bypass fires, the back-end service still validates client identity. Blocking inbound traffic to the affected host at the network perimeter is an option only if the service is not intended to be publicly reachable.

Affected VersionsENISA

traefik 3.7.0 ≤3.7.12

Affected Packages

euvd traefik no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Traefik is a cloud-native edge router and Kubernetes Ingress controller (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:traefik:traefik). It translates Kubernetes Ingress annotations into internal routing rules, including mTLS policy via nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-secret (specifying the CA bundle) and auth-tls-verify-client (requiring client certificates). In the affected v3.7 line, the Ingress NGINX provider generates a TLS option object named after the Ingress object's namespace and name. When two Ingresses targeting the same hostname produce two distinct TLS option names, Traefik's internal conflict-resolution path determines it cannot resolve a single authoritative TLS policy for that host and falls back to the entry point's default TLS configuration. That default does not request a client certificate, effectively removing the mTLS gate. The root cause class is CWE-287 (Improper Authentication): a security-critical authentication mechanism is silently bypassed rather than failing closed when ambiguity is detected.

Know when Traefik gets its next vulnerability

  • Watch products and get an email when something new is published
  • Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

No credit card · 7-day full trial

Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 8.2 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.9 MEDIUM

AC:H reflects the specific coincidence of two Ingresses sharing the same host, CA, and auth mode required to trigger the fallback; no integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE MEDIUM
Red Hat 7.5 HIGH

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Traefik versions >= v3.7.0 and <= v3.7.10 contain an authentication bypass in the Kubernetes Ingress NGINX provider. The TLS option generated for an Ingress carrying the nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-secret annotation was named after the Ingress namespace and name. As a result, two Ingress objects sharing the same host, the same client CA secret, and the same client-authentication mode produced two distinct TLS option names for that host. Traefik treats this as a TLS options conflict and falls back to the entry point's default TLS configuration, which does not request a client certificate, so a route configured with nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-verify-client: "on" becomes reachable without a client certificate. Only the v3.7 line is affected; the issue is fixed in v3.7.11.

Technical POC Analysis

Improper authentication (CWE-287; the advisory also references CWE-295, improper certificate validation).

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Traefik versions 3.7.0-3.7.10 allow unauthenticated network clients to bypass mutual TLS (mTLS) authentication protections on Kubernetes-deployed microservices when specific Ingress configurations collide. This exposes services intended for authorized clients only to unauthorized access, risking data breach and compliance violations. Organizations running affected versions with mTLS-protected ingress rules face immediate risk of unauthorized service access.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch: upgrade to Traefik v3.7.11 or later. Until upgraded, restrict network access to Traefik ingress controllers via network policies or firewalls to limit exposure to authorized client subnets.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 87% exploitable
Prevalence
High
widely adopted cloud-native Kubernetes ingress controller
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

41
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +41
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

CVE-2023-44487 HIGH POC
7.5 Oct 10

Denial of service against HTTP/2 server implementations allows remote unauthenticated attackers to exhaust server resour

CVE-2026-85595 CRITICAL POC
9.3 Sep 04

Authentication bypass in Traefik reverse proxy before v2.11.55 lets remote unauthenticated attackers defeat any route pr

CVE-2026-88007 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Sep 10

Backend connection hijacking in Traefik reverse proxy (2.11.0 through 2.11.56 and 3.0.0 through 3.7.12) lets an unauthen

CVE-2026-88009 HIGH POC
8.8 Sep 10

HTTP/1 request-target parsing in Traefik prior to 2.11.57 and 3.7.13 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to send a r

CVE-2026-65600 HIGH POC
7.8 Jul 22

Authentication bypass in the Traefik reverse proxy (v2.11.51 and earlier, v3.6.0-v3.6.22, and v3.7.0-v3.7.6) allows unau

CVE-2026-67309 HIGH POC
7.8 Aug 01

Route-level authentication bypass in Traefik v3.7.0-v3.7.7 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to reach backend endp

CVE-2023-47633 HIGH POC
7.5 Dec 04

Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is re

CVE-2019-12452 HIGH POC
7.5 May 29

types/types.go in Containous Traefik 1.7.x through 1.7.11, when the --api flag is used and the API is publicly reachable

CVE-2026-88008 HIGH POC
7.0 Sep 10

Security middleware bypass in Traefik reverse proxy versions 2.11.26-2.11.56 and 3.4.2-3.7.12 allows unauthenticated net

CVE-2026-88004 HIGH POC
7.0 Sep 10

Traefik's header-security defenses (aliasHeadersStrategy, underscoreHeadersStrategy, forwardedHeaders) inspect req.Heade

CVE-2025-66490 MEDIUM POC
6.9 Dec 09

Path normalization bypass in Traefik allows unauthenticated remote attackers to circumvent the middleware chain on path-

CVE-2023-47106 MEDIUM POC
6.5 Dec 04

Traefik is an open source HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy