What is the CVSS score of EUVD-2026-70233?

EUVD-2026-70233 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.4 (Medium). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.4%.

Is there a patch available for EUVD-2026-70233?

Yes, a patch is available for EUVD-2026-70233. Update the affected software to the latest version immediately.

DSpace EUVD-2026-70233

| CVE-2026-49830 MEDIUM

Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)

2026-07-08 https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace

GHSA-c827-pw3m-67w7

Privilege Escalation Tomcat

4.4

CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace

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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

Access

Obtain or steal DSpace collection admin credentials
Delivery

Configure collection harvest source to attacker-controlled OAI endpoint
Exploit

OAI endpoint serves ORE XML with file:/// resource URI
Execution

Unpatched crosswalk fetches local file path
Persist

Server file ingested as collection bitstream
Impact

Attacker retrieves disclosed file via DSpace interface

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-20 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Exploitation Conditions	Exploitation requires the attacker to hold DSpace collection administrator privileges or possess stolen credentials for an account with that role - regular authenticated users and unauthenticated users cannot exploit this. The OAI-ORE Harvester feature must be enabled and the ORE Ingestion Crosswalk must be present in the plugin.named.org.dspace.content.crosswalk.IngestionCrosswalk configuration in dspace.cfg (this is the default configuration). The attacker must also be able to configure a collection's OAI harvest source to point at a malicious endpoint, or compromise an already-trusted OAI endpoint to inject malicious ORE XML. Exploitation is strictly bounded to confidentiality: the attacker can read files accessible to the DSpace Tomcat process but cannot write, modify, or delete files or database records. Instances where the ORE Ingestion Crosswalk has been explicitly disabled are not affected.
Impact	The CVSS 3.1 vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N accurately characterizes a vulnerability whose high confidentiality ceiling is substantially constrained by realistic prerequisites. Exploitation requires collection administrator credentials - the highest-privilege role scoped below site admin - and the ability to either configure a malicious OAI harvest endpoint or compromise a trusted one. The AC:H reflects that both conditions must be simultaneously met. No EPSS score was provided in the intelligence data, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified; the absence of a CISA KEV listing and lack of any public POC further reduces urgency. Real-world risk is most acute for institutions whose OAI harvest endpoints are sourced from third parties (consortium aggregators, cross-institutional feeds), where a supply-chain compromise of the OAI provider could cascade into file disclosure without requiring direct credential theft. The scope is limited to confidentiality; integrity and availability are unaffected. This is not a mass-exploitation risk, but a meaningful lateral-movement or data-exfiltration vector for a targeted attacker who already holds or steals privileged DSpace credentials.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker who has obtained DSpace collection administrator credentials (via phishing, credential stuffing, or insider threat) configures a target collection to harvest from an attacker-controlled OAI endpoint. That endpoint serves ORE XML containing a resource URI of file:///etc/passwd or a DSpace configuration file path; the unpatched crosswalk fetches the local file and ingests it as a bitstream accessible through the DSpace interface. Alternatively, a trusted consortium OAI endpoint compromised by a third party could deliver the same malicious XML without requiring direct credential theft against the DSpace instance. No public POC exists at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).

Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 08, 2026

Local file inclusion in DSpace's OAI-ORE Ingestion Crosswalk allows a collection administrator to expose arbitrary server-side files as ingested bitstreams by supplying or triggering a malicious ORE XML document referencing file:/// URIs. Versions 7.x through 7.6.6, 8.0-8.3, and 9.0-9.2 are confirmed affected; fixed releases (7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, 10.0) are available per the GitHub security advisory. No public exploit and no CISA KEV listing exist at time of analysis; the CVSS score of 4.4 reflects meaningful constraints on exploitation (high privileges, high complexity).

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patches are available: upgrade to DSpace 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, or 10.0 following standard DSpace upgrade procedures (rebuild with mvn -U clean package, redeploy with ant update, restart Tomcat). For installations that cannot upgrade immediately, downloadable patch files are available for manual application: 9.x at https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/pull/12541, 8.x at https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/pull/12543, and 7.x at https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/pull/12542; apply each with git apply [patch].patch from the dspace-src directory, then rebuild and redeploy. As a non-upgrade workaround, disable the ORE Ingestion Crosswalk entirely by commenting out or removing the org.dspace.content.crosswalk.OREIngestionCrosswalk entry from the plugin.named.org.dspace.content.crosswalk.IngestionCrosswalk list in dspace.cfg - note this disables all OAI-ORE harvesting workflows and will break any collections relying on that ingest path until the crosswalk is re-enabled after patching.

Affected VersionsENISA

DSpace 8.0-rc1, < 8.4

DSpace 9.0-rc1, < 9.3

DSpace < 7.6.7

DSpace = 10-rc1

Affected Packages

maven org.dspace:dspace-api fix: 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3, 10.0

euvd dspace fix: 7.6.7

euvd dspace_8_0_rc1 fix: 8.4

euvd dspace_9_0_rc1 fix: 9.3

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 4 packages in maven, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

DSpace is an open-source Java-based institutional repository platform (pkg:maven/org.dspace:dspace-api) deployed primarily by academic libraries and research institutions, running on Apache Tomcat. The OAI-PMH/OAI-ORE Harvester feature allows DSpace collections to ingest remote digital objects described in ORE (Object Reuse and Exchange) XML format. The ORE Ingestion Crosswalk parses that XML and fetches resource URIs to create bitstreams. CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation) is the root cause: the crosswalk does not whitelist or validate the URI scheme before resolution, so a file:// URI bypasses the expectation that only remote web resources are fetched. This allows the Tomcat process's filesystem permissions to be leveraged to read local files such as /etc/passwd or DSpace configuration files and store them as collection bitstreams.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace) PRIMARY 4.4 MEDIUM

AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

vuln.today AI 4.4 MEDIUM

Collection admin credentials required (PR:H) and attacker must control or compromise an OAI endpoint (AC:H); impact is read-only local file disclosure (C:H, I:N, A:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace).

CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

None

Availability

None

DescriptionCVE.org

Overview

When ingesting an aggregated ORE resource by URI (using the OAI-ORE Harvester)), the ORE Ingestion Crosswalk does not validate the URI scheme. This may allow for local file inclusion via malicious paths like file:///etc/passwd. _This vulnerability impacts DSpace versions <= 7.6.6, 8.0 <= 8.3, 9.0 <= 9.2._ The attacker MUST already have DSpace collection administrator privileges in order to perform the attack.

Expected behaviour : Only external web resources should be ingested as ORE resources, preferably from the trusted endpoint.

Impact

A remote OAI endpoint configured as a harvest source for a DSpace collection can supply malicious ORE XML that results in a local file from the DSpace server being ingested as a bitstream.

Only Collection, Community and Site Administrators can configure a collection for OAI harvest, however an attacker may use stolen credentials to escalate into local file/data disclosure, or a compromised OAI endpoint could also supply malicious XML.

Patches

The fix is included in DSpace 7.6.7, 8.4, 9.3 and 10.0. Please upgrade to one of these versions or disable the ORE Crosswalk (see below).

If users cannot upgrade immediately, it is possible to manually patch their DSpace backend. (No changes are necessary to the frontend.) A pull request exists which can be used to patch systems running DSpace 7.6.x, 8.x or 9.x.

Pull request for 9.x: https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/pull/12541 (Downloadable patch file)
Pull request for 8.x: https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/pull/12543 (Downloadable patch file)
Pull request for 7.x: https://github.com/DSpace/DSpace/pull/12542 (Downloadable patch file)

Apply the patch to a user's DSpace

If at all possible, we recommend disabling the ORE Crosswalk (see below) or upgrading a user's DSpace site based on the upgrade instructions. However, if they are unable to do so, they can manually apply the above patches to their DSpace backend as follows:

Download the appropriate patch file to the machine where DSpace backend is running
From the [dspace-src] folder, apply the patch, e.g. git apply [name-of-file].patch
Now, update the DSpace site (based loosely on the Upgrade instructions). This generally involves three steps:
Rebuild DSpace, e.g. mvn -U clean package (This will recompile all DSpace backend code)
Redeploy DSpace, e.g. ant update (This will copy all newly built code to their installation directory). Depending on their setup they also may need to copy the updated "server" webapp over to their Tomcat webapps folder.
Restart Tomcat (or runnable JAR)

Workarounds

Disable the ORE ingestion crosswalk in dspace.cfg by commenting out or removing it from the list of plugin.named.org.dspace.content.crosswalk.IngestionCrosswalk plugins:

# Remove or comment out this line
  org.dspace.content.crosswalk.OREIngestionCrosswalk = ore, \

Once they have patched their site or upgraded, they may safely enable the OREIngestionCrosswalk again.

Credits

Discovered & reported by Pablo Picurelli Ortiz (@superpegaso2703), cybersecurity student at Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. Code fix developed by Kim Shepherd (@kshepherd) of The Library Code

Blast Radius

ecosystem impact

† from your stack dependencies † transitive graph · vuln.today resolves 4-path depth

10 maven packages depend on org.dspace:dspace-api (7 direct, 3 indirect)

Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 8.0-rc1.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.4%

Top 66% exploitable

Prevalence

Low

niche academic institutional repository, limited to libraries and research institutions

Threat Intel

1 source

Data Quality

5 sources

Confidence: Medium

EUVD

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS GHSA

GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity MEDIUM

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.4%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +22

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Privilege Escalation HIGH

Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.