EUVD-2026-42037Severity by source
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Local vector and AC:H reflect the flash-error-at-checkpoint prerequisite; PR:L covers application-level disk mount access; C and I are N as only kernel availability is impacted.
Primary rating from Vendor (zephyr).
CVSS VectorNVD
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionNVD
The Dhara flash translation layer disk driver (drivers/disk/ftl_dhara.c) implemented the dhara_nand_ callbacks so that, on a flash error, the error code was written unconditionally through the caller-supplied dhara_error_t err pointer (e.g. *err = DHARA_E_ECC in dhara_nand_read, and similar in dhara_nand_erase/prog/copy). The upstream Dhara library calls these callbacks with err == NULL along its journal-resume binary search: find_last_checkblock() invokes find_checkblock(j, mid, &found, NULL), which forwards the NULL pointer into dhara_nand_read(). This path runs during disk_ftl_access_init() -> dhara_map_resume() whenever the FTL disk is mounted/initialised. If a flash read error (uncorrectable ECC, bad block, controller error) occurs on one of the probed checkpoint pages, the driver dereferences and writes to NULL, faulting the kernel (denial of service). The trigger is conditioned on the NAND medium content/health, which can be influenced by media wear, induced faults, or a corrupted/crafted on-flash image. The fix routes all error assignments through the library's NULL-safe dhara_set_error() helper. Affects Zephyr v4.4.0, where the driver was introduced.
AnalysisAI
Kernel denial-of-service in Zephyr RTOS v4.4.0's Dhara flash translation layer driver crashes the system during FTL disk initialization when a flash error coincides with the journal-resume checkpoint scan. The driver's dhara_nand_read/erase/prog/copy callbacks unconditionally dereference the caller-supplied err pointer, but the upstream Dhara library legitimately passes NULL during its binary search in find_last_checkblock(), triggering a NULL write and kernel fault. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires all of the following conditions simultaneously: the target device runs Zephyr v4.4.0 with the Dhara FTL disk driver compiled and enabled; a NAND flash device is managed by the Dhara FTL layer; and one of the probed Dhara journal checkpoint pages returns a flash read error - specifically uncorrectable ECC, a bad block, or a hardware controller error - during the journal-resume binary search executed at FTL initialization (disk_ftl_access_init() → dhara_map_resume()). … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.7 (Medium) with vector AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H accurately reflects the constrained threat model: local-only attack vector, high exploitation complexity, and availability-only impact. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An attacker with physical access to a Zephyr v4.4.0 device - or one who can provision a crafted NAND flash image during manufacturing or supply-chain handling - induces an uncorrectable ECC error or bad block on one of the Dhara journal checkpoint pages. When the device boots and the FTL disk initializes, dhara_map_resume() performs a binary search over checkpoint pages, passing NULL as the error pointer; the driver dereferences NULL upon encountering the flash error, faulting the kernel and crashing the device. … |
| Remediation | The upstream fix is available as commit a8371b0d4719efe37a66e2abb618ad9b81792212 in the Zephyr GitHub repository (https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/a8371b0d4719efe37a66e2abb618ad9b81792212), replacing direct err pointer writes with the NULL-safe dhara_set_error() helper. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
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