Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain WordPress administrator credentials
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DeliveryAuthenticate to wp-admin panel
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ExploitNavigate to Tutor LMS withdrawal requests view
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ExecutionSubmit crafted 'data' parameter with SQL payload
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PersistTrigger unsanitized SQL query in WithdrawModel.php
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ImpactExfiltrate sensitive database records
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a valid WordPress user account with administrator-level role (or higher, e.g., Super Admin on multisite). The vulnerability is triggered through the Tutor LMS withdrawal-request management interface, meaning the Tutor LMS plugin must be installed, active, and the attacker must interact specifically with the withdrawal/payout administrative view. The 'data' parameter must be submitted to the affected endpoint in WithdrawModel.php. These conditions limit exploitation: unauthenticated or subscriber/contributor/editor-level users cannot reach this code path. The non-default requirement of administrator access is the primary real-world limiting factor beyond the standard network-accessible WordPress admin panel. No specific server configuration or non-default WordPress setting is required beyond the plugin being installed. |
| Impact | The CVSS base score of 4.9 with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N accurately reflects the attack prerequisites: the vulnerability is network-reachable but requires administrator-level credentials (PR:H), which substantially limits the attacker pool. The scope is unchanged (S:U), and impact is confidentiality-only (I:N/A:N), meaning database exfiltration is possible but the attacker cannot write data or cause denial of service through this vector alone. No EPSS score was provided in the source data, so quantitative exploitation-probability cannot be stated. The vulnerability is not in CISA KEV and no public proof-of-concept has been identified, placing this firmly in the 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis' tier. Real-world priority is moderate: on a multi-tenant WordPress environment or managed hosting platform where administrator credentials may be shared or weakly controlled, database exfiltration of user PII, course data, or financial records is a credible threat. On tightly controlled single-site installs, the admin-only requirement is a meaningful limiting factor. No conflicting signals exist between the CVSS vector and the description. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with valid WordPress administrator credentials logs into the wp-admin panel and navigates to the Tutor LMS withdrawal-requests management interface. By submitting a crafted value in the 'data' parameter - exploiting the lack of parameterized queries in WithdrawModel.php - the attacker appends a UNION- or stacked-query payload to extract arbitrary table contents, including WordPress user password hashes, email addresses, private course data, and stored payment information. No public proof-of-concept has been identified at time of analysis, but the technique is standard SQL injection requiring no specialized tooling. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jun 18, 2026
SQL injection in Tutor LMS (WordPress plugin by Themeum) exposes the underlying database to read-access by any authenticated administrator. The flaw resides in the withdrawal-request management flow - specifically WithdrawModel.php and withdraw_requests.php - where a 'data' parameter is passed to SQL queries without adequate escaping or parameterization. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; however, the data-exposure impact (C:H) is real, and a patched release (3.9.12) is confirmed in the WordPress plugin repository.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: version 3.9.12. Site administrators should update the Tutor LMS plugin to 3.9.12 or later immediately via the WordPress plugin dashboard or WP-CLI (wp plugin update tutor). The fix is confirmed in WordPress repository changeset 3565513 modifying WithdrawModel.php. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, the primary compensating control is to restrict access to the WordPress admin panel (wp-admin) to trusted IP ranges via server-level rules (nginx allow/deny or Apache mod_authz_host), which eliminates the network-reachable attack surface given PR:H. A secondary measure is to review and rotate any database credentials that could expose sensitive tables if exfiltration already occurred. Disabling the withdrawal/payout feature entirely (if not used) removes the vulnerable code path without affecting core LMS functionality, but this may disrupt instructor payouts. Note that restricting wp-admin by IP has the side effect of locking out traveling or remote administrators who lack VPN access.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability is classified as CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in an SQL Command - SQL Injection). The affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:themeum:tutor_lms_-_elearning_and_online_course_solution:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covering all versions through 3.9.11. Source references point to three distinct files: models/WithdrawModel.php (lines 118 and 169), views/pages/withdraw_requests.php (line 29), and classes/Input.php (line 78). The Input.php involvement suggests the flaw originates at the input-sanitization layer, where the 'data' parameter bypasses both escaping and SQL preparation before being appended to queries in the WithdrawModel. The withdrawal management feature is part of Tutor LMS's instructor-payout subsystem, meaning the vulnerable endpoint is exercised during routine financial administrative operations rather than a rarely-touched code path.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Administrator credentials required (PR:H); network-accessible admin panel (AV:N); read-only SQL injection yields confidentiality impact only (C:H/I:N/A:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).
CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence
DescriptionCVE.org
The Tutor LMS - eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to generic SQL Injection via the 'data' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 3.9.11 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with administrator-level access and above, to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
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Unauthenticated remote PHP function invocation in the Tutor LMS WordPress plugin (all versions up to and including 4.0.5
Second-order SQL injection in Tutor LMS for WordPress (all versions through 4.0.0) allows authenticated attackers with c
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EPSS
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