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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Obtain Contributor credentials or account
  2. Delivery
    Authenticate to WordPress dashboard
  3. Exploit
    Craft POST request to embed_form_action() AJAX handler
  4. Install
    Specify target page ID and malicious shortcode content
  5. C2
    Server processes request without authorization check
  6. Execute
    Shortcode injected into arbitrary page
  7. Impact
    Page rendered with injected content on next access

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization checks on every request
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to be an authenticated WordPress user with at least Contributor-level access (or higher: Author, Editor, Administrator). The target WordPress site must have the User Registration & Membership plugin version 5.1.4 or earlier installed and active. The attacker must know or enumerate a valid page or post ID belonging to another user or the site administrator to target. Default WordPress configurations where contributors can create posts satisfy this condition; no special plugin configuration is required beyond installation. Exploitation is blocked if the site enforces stricter user role policies (e.g., contributors cannot create posts, only admins can embed forms) or if the plugin is deactivated.

Impact

CVSS 4.3 (Low-to-Medium) with network vector and low attack complexity reflects the real risk profile: any authenticated WordPress user with Contributor role or above can exploit this remotely without user interaction. However, exploitation requires prior authentication and a non-default WordPress setup where contributors are granted Contributor roles. The flaw is fundamentally about privilege escalation within WordPress rather than unauthenticated remote code execution. EPSS data is not provided, limiting probabilistic exploitation assessment. The primary risk vector is content integrity: attackers can inject shortcodes (potentially leading to arbitrary content insertion, form redirection, or if combined with other flaws, JavaScript execution) into pages they do not own. Active exploitation status is not indicated by CISA KEV listing in provided data, and no public proof-of-concept code is referenced, suggesting this is a logic-based flaw requiring site-specific context rather than a trivially weaponizable vulnerability. The real-world risk depends heavily on site configuration: sites with many contributor-level users face higher risk than those with restricted contributor access.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A WordPress site administrator assigns a staff member Contributor-level access to write blog posts. The attacker (with Contributor credentials) discovers the unprotected embed_form_action() AJAX endpoint and sends a POST request specifying an arbitrary page ID (e.g., a high-traffic homepage or about page owned by the admin) and malicious shortcode content. The endpoint processes the request without verifying the attacker owns or can edit the target page, injecting the shortcode. The next time the page is viewed, the injected shortcode renders, potentially redirecting users to a phishing site or injecting promotional content.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – May 05, 2026

The User Registration & Membership plugin for WordPress versions up to 5.1.4 allows authenticated attackers with Contributor-level access to append shortcode content to arbitrary pages without authorization due to a missing capability check in the embed_form_action() AJAX function. This enables privilege escalation where lower-privileged users can inject content into posts and pages owned by other users or administrators, potentially defacing sites or injecting malicious content.

RemediationAI

Update the User Registration & Membership plugin to a patched version released after 5.1.4 (exact version number not specified in provided data, but WordPress plugin administrators should check for available updates via the WordPress dashboard). The upstream fix, visible in the plugin's Trac repository changeset 3485702, adds proper capability checks via wp_verify_nonce() and current_user_can() calls to the embed_form_action() function. As a temporary compensating control, site administrators can restrict Contributor role permissions by removing the ability to use shortcodes or embed forms via role management plugins (e.g., User Role Editor), though this may limit legitimate contributor functionality. Alternatively, disable the User Registration & Membership plugin entirely until patched if the embedding feature is not critical.

Affected VersionsENISA

User Registration & Membership – Free & Paid Memberships, Subscriptions, Content Restriction, User Profile, Custom User Registration & Login Builder 0 ≤5.1.4

Affected Packages

euvd user_registration_membership_free_paid_memberships_subscriptions_content_restriction_user_profile_custom_user_registration_login_builder no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability exists in the embed_form_action() AJAX handler within the User Registration & Membership WordPress plugin. WordPress AJAX functions execute with the authenticated user's capabilities, and this handler fails to verify whether the requesting user has edit_post or equivalent capability for the target page before allowing content modification. CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) defines this class of flaw: the plugin checks authentication (user is logged in) but omits authorization checks (user has permission to edit this specific resource). The affected code is in class-ur-ajax.php and related admin assets files, where shortcode embedding operations proceed without wp_verify_nonce() validation or current_user_can() capability checks against the target post.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

The User Registration & Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the embed_form_action() function in all versions up to, and including, 5.1.4. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to append shortcode content to arbitrary pages they do not own or have permission to edit.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 91% exploitable
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +22
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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