Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessGain low-privilege local access to host
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ExploitCraft input message with oversized first field
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ExecutionSend to Sentinel Keys Server, overflow stack buffer
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ImpactExecute arbitrary code as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires local access to a Windows host running Thales Sentinel Keys Server at a version below 1.3.8.0, with sufficient privilege to send an input message to the Sentinel Keys Server service (CVSS PR:L). The concrete trigger is a crafted input message whose first field exceeds a length the server does not validate, overflowing a stack buffer. No user interaction is needed (UI:N). Limiting factors: the attack is local only (AV:L), not remotely reachable; it presumes the attacker already holds low-privilege local access; and the CVSS 4.0 vector sets AT:P, indicating an additional attack requirement exists, though the sources do not describe what that condition is. Patching to 1.3.8.0 or later removes the affected code per the vendor advisory. |
| Impact | This is a local privilege escalation flaw (CVSS:4.0 AV:L/PR:L, base 7.3, HIGH) in Thales Sentinel Keys Server on Windows where a successful overflow yields code execution as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM, so technical impact is high (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H). The vulnerability is NOT network-reachable: an attacker must already have local, low-privilege access to the host (AV:L/PR:L), which substantially narrows the threat population versus a remote-unauthenticated bug of the same severity. The vendor's SSVC-style priority is 'this_week' rather than 'act_now'/'emergency', consistent with a serious-but-not-crisis LEP. No CISA KEV listing is present in the input, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis'; no POC or exploit reference is supplied. No EPSS score is provided, so widespread opportunistic exploitation probability cannot be quantified from the data. The CVSS 4.0 vector carries AT:P (an attack requirement exists), but the sources do not describe what that condition is, so the real-world triggerability beyond 'send a crafted input message' is unverified. Net: a genuine local-privilege-escalation-to-SYSTEM issue worth patching on the vendor's stated weekly cadence, but gated by the need for prior local access and not evidenced as actively exploited or trivially remote. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A low-privileged local user on a Windows host running Sentinel Keys Server (version below 1.3.8.0) crafts an input message whose first field exceeds the length the server fails to validate and sends it to the service. The oversized field overruns a stack buffer, and by controlling the overwritten data the attacker executes arbitrary code in the context of the Sentinel Keys Server service, which runs as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM, escalating from limited user to full system control. No public exploit code is identified in the available sources. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 30, 2026
A stack-based buffer overflow in Thales Sentinel Keys Server on Windows (versions lower than 1.3.8.0) lets a local attacker who can send a message to the service overflow a stack buffer by supplying an over-long first field, ultimately allowing code execution as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM. The flaw is local-only (CVSS:4.0 AV:L, PR:L, base 7.3 HIGH) and requires an additional, unspecified attack condition (AT:P), with no user interaction needed. It is a privilege-escalation primitive for a low-privileged local user rather than a remote entry point; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and no confirmed active exploitation is reported.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Sentinel Keys Server to version 1.3.8.0 or later - the vendor states that this version and above remove the affected code, per Thales advisory KB0031216 (https://supportportal.thalesgroup.com/csm?id=kb_article_view&sys_kb_id=50fc9f3b3b005f10bba8b41864e45a61&sysparm_article=KB0031216). Vendor-released patch: 1.3.8.0. Until the upgrade is applied, treat every host running a prior version as a local privilege-escalation target: restrict interactive logon and service-control rights to only those users who genuinely need to interact with the Sentinel Keys Server service, since the overflow requires the ability to send a message to the service (PR:L) and no user interaction (UI:N) is needed to complete it. The supplied sources describe no alternative vendor workaround, so planning should assume the upgrade is the complete fix; note that the CVSS 4.0 vector's AT:P component and the exact input path are not detailed in the available advisory, so any interim restriction should be validated against your own deployment rather than assumed sufficient.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The issue is CWE-121, a stack-based buffer overflow, in the input-message parsing path of Thales Sentinel Keys Server - a Windows licensing/key-management service component of the Thales Sentinel licensing platform. According to the advisory, the server does not validate the length of the first field of an inbound message before copying it into a fixed-size stack buffer, producing both an out-of-bounds write and buffer overflow. Because the service runs with SYSTEM privileges, a successfully crafted message can corrupt adjacent stack memory and redirect execution in that security context. The supplied CVSS 4.0 vector sets AT:P, indicating an additional attack prerequisite beyond simple local access, but the available sources do not describe what that condition is; the exact heap/stack layout details and the precise trigger mechanics beyond the unchecked first-field length are not described in the available sources. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:thalesgroup:sentinel_keys_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* confirms the affected product family without pinning individual platform editions.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Local low-privilege attacker sends input to the service (AV:L/PR:L), no user interaction; overflow yields SYSTEM-level code execution, so full confidentiality, integrity and availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (THA-PSIRT).
CVSS VectorVendor: THA-PSIRT
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Stack-based buffer overflow and out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Thales Sentinel Keys Server on Windows allows Overflow Buffers.
Sentinel Keys Server does not check the length of the first field in the input message. A local attacker may craft an input and send it to Sentinel Keys Server. It may lead to code execution as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM enabling local privilege escalation.
This issue affects Sentinel Keys Server: versions lower than 1.3.8.0.
Articles & Coverage 1
Executive ViewAI
Thales Sentinel Keys Server, a license management component, contains a high-severity local buffer overflow (CVE-2026-78402) that lets a low-privileged user escalate to SYSTEM. Windows endpoints running versions below 1.3.8.0 are affected, putting license infrastructure at risk of unauthorized administrative control. Leadership should prioritize mitigation because this flaw enables full compromise from an ordinary user account.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; restrict local logon and service message access to trusted administrators, enforce least privilege, and isolate affected systems until a patch is available.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.
Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.
EUVD-2026-114363
GHSA-58x3-qrxv-fm7v
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB