GHSA-ghh7-5q3h-mc48
Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain access-restricted application credential
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ExploitCraft API request with custom X-Service-Token header
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ExecutionBypass credential access restrictions in keystonemiddleware
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ImpactGain elevated privileges beyond credential scope
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires that the attacker already possess a valid OpenStack application credential that was created with access restrictions (the restricted-application-credential feature); the attack is performed by including a custom X-Service-Token header in an API request handled by keystonemiddleware before version 13.0.2. Limiting factors: exploitation is not anonymous (a credential must be held, matching CVSS PR:L), and the value of the attack is bounded by what elevated privileges the bypass yields relative to the credential's intended scope. The available sources do not state a special non-default configuration requirement beyond use of access-restricted application credentials, and no user interaction is required (UI:N). Affected: keystonemiddleware before 13.0.2; fixed in 13.0.2. |
| Impact | The NVD CVSS 3.1 score of 8.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L) marks this as High severity: network-reachable, low attack complexity, no user interaction, with high confidentiality and integrity impact. The decisive qualifier is PR:L - exploitation is NOT anonymous. The attacker must already possess a valid application credential (specifically one that was deliberately created with access restrictions), so this is an authorization/privilege-escalation flaw (CWE-863, Incorrect Authorization) for an already-authenticated but deliberately-constrained principal, not a path to initial compromise. Cross-referencing the other signals: this is NOT in CISA KEV, so there is no confirmed active exploitation; no EPSS probability was supplied, so widespread-exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified from the input; and no public exploit or PoC reference is present in the data. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_week' (prioritize within the week, below act_now/emergency). Net assessment: a genuine priority for OpenStack operators who issue access-restricted application credentials and rely on those restrictions as a security boundary, because the vulnerability directly defeats that boundary - but the PR:L precondition and absence of any KEV/PoC/EPSS signal place it as a 'patch promptly' item rather than a drop-everything emergency. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An actor holding an OpenStack application credential that was intentionally created with access restrictions (limited to specific roles or operations) adds a custom X-Service-Token header to an API request. keystonemiddleware before 13.0.2 mishandles that header, causing the credential's access restrictions to be bypassed and granting the actor privileges beyond those the credential was scoped to. No public exploit code was identified in the available data; the exact triggering mechanics beyond the crafted X-Service-Token header are not detailed in the provided sources. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv2 – Oct 30, 2026
Privilege escalation in OpenStack keystonemiddleware before 13.0.2 lets an authenticated holder of an access-restricted application credential escape that credential's intended scope by adding a custom X-Service-Token header to an API request, producing high confidentiality and integrity impact (CVSS 3.1 base 8.3; CWE-863 Incorrect Authorization). Any OpenStack deployment whose API services validate tokens through a vulnerable keystonemiddleware release is exposed, and exploitation requires a pre-existing restricted application credential (PR:L in the vector), so it is not anonymous. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV entry were identified at time of analysis, and the vendor fix ships in keystonemiddleware 13.0.2.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
Authorization-restriction bypass in OpenStack keystonemiddleware lets an authenticated holder of an application credential constrained by access_rules evade those restrictions by presenting an X-Service-Token header on the same request. The flaw affects the auth_token middleware shipped for OpenStack 2025.1 (Epoxy) through 2027.1 (Indri development) and only matters where application-credential access_rules are actually used to confine a credential; the resulting access is still bounded by the underlying user's roles. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (authenticated, PR:L, low confidentiality and integrity impact).
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade keystonemiddleware to 13.0.2 or later, following the upstream tag list at github.com/openstack/keystonemiddleware/tags and the Launchpad advisory at bugs.launchpad.net/keystonemiddleware/+bug/2162748 for the packaging guidance relevant to your distribution. After upgrading the Python package, restart every OpenStack API service that loads the middleware so the new authorization logic is in effect, and confirm the installed version on each control-plane node. The published sources do not document a code-level workaround or configuration toggle that restores the restriction check, so upgrading is the only complete fix identified. Because the attack prerequisite is possession of an access-restricted application credential, deployments that cannot upgrade immediately can reduce their exposure by inventorying and rotating existing restricted application credentials and by limiting the issuance of new ones, which shrinks the population of credentials that could be abused; this is a containment measure, not a fix, and it does not address the underlying authorization bypass.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
keystonemiddleware is the WSGI middleware layer that OpenStack API services place in front of their applications to validate Keystone tokens, enforce service catalog and role checks, and attach request identity. Keystone's application credentials can be created with access restrictions (for example, limiting which roles, HTTP methods or request paths the credential may use), and downstream services rely on keystonemiddleware to honour those restrictions. The flaw is an authorization-decision error (CWE-863): when a request carries an attacker-supplied X-Service-Token header, the middleware's handling causes the restricted application credential to be treated as if it were an unrestricted service-authenticated caller, so the access rules are not applied. The advisory does not publish the exact code path or the precise comparison that fails, so the internal mechanism beyond the header being accepted and the restriction check being short-circuited is not described in the available sources. The affected artefact is the Python package itself, consumed by every OpenStack service that imports it, rather than a single daemon.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
Network API with low complexity but a held (restricted) application credential is required, so PR:L; bypass grants the underlying principal's full privileges, yielding high confidentiality, integrity and availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (CNA).
CVSS VectorVendor
Lifecycle Timeline
3Description PRE-NVD
Executive ViewAI
OpenStack keystonemiddleware (before version 13.0.2) contains a high-severity privilege escalation flaw (CVE-2026-115642) that allows an authenticated holder of a restricted application credential to bypass scope limitations via a crafted header. Any OpenStack deployment using the vulnerable middleware is affected, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive data and improper modifications. Leadership should prioritize remediation because a compromised low-privilege credential could escalate to broader control, undermining tenant isolation and data integrity.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
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EUVD-2026-114191
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB