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CakePHP EUVDEUVD-2026-113795

| CVE-2026-119415 MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection') (CWE-93)
2026-10-30 VulnCheck GHSA-vhmx-68q2-m9j5
6.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify app passing user input to attachment Content-Type/Content-ID
  2. Delivery
    Supply value containing CR/LF sequences
  3. Exploit
    FormDataPart emits unsanitized MIME headers
  4. Execution
    Inject arbitrary MIME headers or part content
  5. Impact
    Alter message structure/integrity

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization CRLF sequence sanitization
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the host application to pass attacker-controlled (unsanitized) values into an attachment's MIME Content-Type or Content-ID - specifically via Message::setAttachments()/addAttachment() in the Mailer, or via FormDataPart type/contentId in the HTTP client multipart data. This is NOT a default-configuration remote exploit: it is a library-level flaw that only becomes exploitable when the consuming app routes untrusted input into these fields, which is why the vector carries AC:H and AT:P despite PR:N. Limiting factors: the attacker must influence an attachment's declared MIME type or Content-ID (not arbitrary header fields directly), impact is confined to injecting MIME part headers/content (integrity-only, no confidentiality or availability effect), and affected versions are CakePHP ≤5.4.3. The precise downstream impact (e.g., email content spoofing vs. request smuggling) depends on how the application and downstream mail/HTTP consumers handle the injected headers; the sources do not enumerate a specific weaponized outcome.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity, integrity-only issue that is unlikely to be a top-priority emergency for most deployments. The input CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N) scores 6.3 and signals network reachability with no authentication, but it also carries high attack complexity (AC:H) and a specific attack requirement (AT:P), and the only impact is low integrity (VI:L) with no confidentiality or availability effect (VC:N/VA:N). The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' (not act_now/emergency), which is consistent with the limited impact. No EPSS score is supplied in the input, and there is no CISA KEV listing, so exploitation is not confirmed as active. The references include a dedicated research writeup (abraxaslabs.tech) and a VulnCheck advisory describing the flaw, so a public PoC reference exists but it is not verified as working, weaponized exploit code. Net: real and worth patching this cycle, but the high complexity, dependence on the application passing attacker-controlled values into attachment MIME types/Content-IDs, and integrity-only impact make it a routine patch rather than a drop-everything priority. The AC:H/AT:P metrics describe severity, not a specific trigger mechanism; the sources do not describe a race or timing condition.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An application using CakePHP builds an email with Message::setAttachments() (or an HTTP multipart request via the HTTP client) and derives an attachment's Content-Type or Content-ID from user-supplied input. An attacker submits a value containing CR/LF sequences, which are emitted verbatim into the MIME part, letting them inject arbitrary additional MIME headers or part content. A public PoC/research reference exists describing this, but it is not verified as working exploit code; high attack complexity reflects the need for the app to route untrusted data into these specific fields.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 30, 2026

CRLF injection in CakePHP's multipart/MIME handling (FormDataPart and Mailer attachment code) through 5.4.3 lets an attacker who can influence an attachment's declared MIME Content-Type or Content-ID break out of the intended header line and add arbitrary MIME part headers or content. The flaw is not exploitable in a default configuration: it only materializes when the consuming application passes unsanitized user input into Message::setAttachments()/addAttachment() or into FormDataPart type/contentId values for HTTP client multipart bodies, which is why the assessed vector carries AC:H and AT:P while remaining unauthenticated. Impact is integrity-only (no confidentiality or availability effect) and the concrete downstream outcome - email content spoofing, malformed MIME accepted by a downstream parser, or altered multipart requests - depends on the consumer; no confirmed working exploit code was identified at time of analysis, though a public research writeup of the CRLF issue exists and the vendor fix is published.

RemediationAI

Upgrade cakephp/cakephp beyond 5.4.3 to a release that incorporates the upstream fix (pull request https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/pull/19715, commits 2e54c227eaa4c0e0d5edd74931710fd4f8bc38b5, 27263ae750a3cd8464a5db076f48a731c8283df2, c9a91149f04e2aee7faa30ed57d40f5b91d3f79e and d66e016d2fd9667dd605b56e25fbb3df5365406a); the provided data confirms a vendor patch is available but does not state the released version number, so confirm the exact tagged release in the advisory before pinning. Until upgrading, the practical compensating control is to sanitize at the call site: strip or reject \r and \n in any user-influenced MIME type or Content-ID before it reaches Message::addAttachment()/setAttachments() or FormDataPart::type()/contentId(), ideally by allowing only values from a fixed allow-list of MIME types and generating Content-IDs server-side - the trade-off is that strict allow-listing will reject legitimate custom or vendor-specific MIME types, and any code path that is missed remains exposed. Because exploitation requires the host application to feed attacker-controlled data into these fields, auditing attachment and multipart construction for user-derived MIME metadata is the other necessary step; note the upstream fix silently removes newlines rather than throwing, so post-upgrade behavior changes to string concatenation of the injected text rather than rejection.

Affected VersionsENISA

cakephp 0 ≤5.4.3

Affected Packages

euvd cakephp no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-93 (improper neutralization of CRLF sequences) in CakePHP's MIME serialization layer. FormDataPart::__toString() and value() in src/Http/Client/FormDataPart.php build each multipart section by concatenating raw strings into header lines such as 'Content-Disposition: ', 'Content-Type: ', 'Content-Transfer-Encoding: ' and 'Content-ID: <...>', and Message::addAttachment() in src/Mailer/Message.php performs the analogous assembly for mail attachments, including MIME types supplied for uploaded files. Because the disposition, type, transferEncoding and contentId properties were interpolated without filtering, an embedded \r\n terminated the current header and started a new one, letting attacker-influenced values append arbitrary MIME part headers or body content. The upstream fix (PR #19715, commits 2e54c227, 27263ae7, c9a91149 and d66e016d) wraps every interpolated value in a $removeNewlines closure that str_replace()s \r and \n out of the string, and the accompanying tests (FormDataTest::testAddPartObjectRemoveNewlines, testAddFileUploadedFileContentType, MessageTest::testGetBodyInlineAttachment) confirm the intended behavior is silent stripping rather than rejection - the test payload "text/plain\r\nInject: badstuff" becomes the single line 'Content-Type: text/plainInject: badstuff'. The affected package is cakephp/cakephp (CPE cpe:2.3:a:cakephp:cakephp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, EUVD lists cakephp 0 through 5.4.3).

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 6.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 3.7 LOW

Network-reachable and unauthenticated (AV:N/PR:N), but AC:H because the application must route attacker-controlled data into attachment MIME type/Content-ID; impact is integrity-only (I:L), no confidentiality or availability effect.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

CakePHP through 5.4.3 contains a header injection vulnerability in FormDataPart that allows attackers to inject MIME part headers via unsanitized Content-Type and Content-ID values. Attackers can supply CR/LF sequences in attachment MIME types or Content-IDs passed to Message::setAttachments() or HTTP client multipart data to add arbitrary headers or content.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 69% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular PHP MVC framework, moderate but not universal web footprint
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Code Injection CRITICAL

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