Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach route using BodyDump middleware
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DeliverySend oversized request body or trigger large response
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ExploitMiddleware buffers full body in memory
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ExecutionRepeat concurrently to exhaust process memory
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ImpactService crashes (denial of service)
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource consumption limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires that the opt-in BodyDump middleware is enabled on a route the attacker can reach; BodyDump is not enabled by default, so default Echo deployments are not exposed. Given that condition, exploitation is unauthenticated (PR:N) and remote - the attacker submits large request bodies or influences large responses so the middleware buffers the complete body/response in memory per request. Key limiting factors: the middleware must be explicitly configured; external/front-end request-size limits can bound the request-side allocation but, per the advisory, do NOT bound response capture, so routes returning large or client-influenced responses remain exposed even behind request limits. Impact is confined to availability (process memory exhaustion / DoS); there is no confidentiality or integrity impact. |
| Impact | This is a CWE-400/CWE-770 uncontrolled memory-consumption denial-of-service flaw in Echo v4's opt-in BodyDump middleware, carrying a vendor CVSS 4.0 score of 8.2 driven entirely by availability impact (VA:H) with no confidentiality or integrity impact (VC:N/VI:N). The vector reports network reach and low complexity but AT:P, indicating a non-attacker-controlled precondition - consistent with the fact that BodyDump is not enabled by default and must be configured on a reachable route. PR:N confirms the CVSS model treats this as unauthenticated once such a route is exposed. No EPSS score and no KEV listing are present in the input, and no public exploit code is referenced - the only links are the patch commit, release tag, and GHSA advisory - so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The vuln.today priority is 'this_week' rather than act_now/emergency, which aligns with the signals: real but conditional risk, gated on operators having deliberately enabled BodyDump, and limited to availability. The headline 8.2 should therefore be read as high-impact-but-conditional: environments not using BodyDump are unaffected, so prioritization should hinge on whether BodyDump is deployed on externally reachable routes rather than on the raw score. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An operator has enabled Echo's opt-in BodyDump middleware on an internet-facing route (e.g. for request/response logging). An unauthenticated attacker repeatedly sends very large request bodies, or triggers handlers that return large client-influenced responses, forcing BodyDump to buffer the full request and response in memory per request; repeated or concurrent requests exhaust process memory and crash the service. No public exploit code is referenced in the input, only patch and advisory links. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026
Echo v4's opt-in BodyDump middleware can be driven to exhaust process memory by unauthenticated remote clients that send large request bodies or cause large responses on routes where the middleware is enabled, resulting in denial of service. Versions 4.0.0 through 4.16.0 are affected; BodyDump is not enabled by default, so default Echo deployments are not exposed. The flaw is fixed in 4.16.1, and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to Echo v4.16.1 (https://github.com/labstack/echo/releases/tag/v4.16.1), which adds BodyDumpConfig.MaxRequestBytes and MaxResponseBytes defaulting to 5 MiB; set -1 only if unlimited capture is explicitly required. If upgrading is not immediately possible, disable BodyDump on exposed routes, especially large upload and download endpoints, and enforce request-size limits before BodyDump while independently bounding application-generated response sizes; request limits alone do not bound response capture. Advisory: https://github.com/labstack/echo/security/advisories/GHSA-f48p-c9v4-h7xv; fix commit: https://github.com/labstack/echo/commit/3fb0ba7e17645bb65611e2a08875d0a2f65c421f.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in go, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Echo is a Go web framework, and BodyDump is an opt-in middleware that captures request and response bodies for a callback. Before the patch, it read the complete request body into memory before the handler ran and retained the complete response body through a response-writer wrapper, with no capture limit. This maps to CWE-400 uncontrolled resource consumption and CWE-770 allocation without limits: each request can force memory use proportional to body or response size, and repeated or concurrent requests can exhaust process memory. The trigger requires BodyDump to be configured on a reachable route; the advisory notes that external request-size limits may reduce request-side exposure but do not bound response capture. The fix adds BodyDumpConfig.MaxRequestBytes and MaxResponseBytes, each defaulting to 5 MiB when zero, with -1 explicitly restoring unlimited capture; only the callback-captured data is bounded, while the handler still receives the full request and the client still receives the full response.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Remote unauthenticated requests to a BodyDump-enabled route trigger it with low complexity (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N); impact is availability-only (A:H), with no confidentiality or integrity effect.
Primary rating from Vendor (github).
CVSS VectorVendor: github
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Echo is a Go web framework. From 4.0.0 until 4.16.1, Echo v4's opt-in BodyDump middleware reads complete request bodies into memory before handlers run and retains complete response bodies for the dump callback without capture limits. An unauthenticated client that can reach a route using BodyDump can submit large bodies or influence large responses, causing repeated or concurrent allocations that exhaust process memory. BodyDump is not enabled by default, and external request limits may reduce request-side exposure but do not bound response capture. This issue is fixed in 4.16.1.
Technical POC Analysis
CWE-400 (Uncontrolled Resource Consumption), with CWE-770 (Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling) co-assigned in the advisory.
Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.
Executive ViewAI
Echo v4 web framework's BodyDump middleware is vulnerable to memory exhaustion denial-of-service when enabled in versions 4.0.0 through 4.16.0. Unauthenticated attackers can crash Go-based services, impacting availability for any internet-facing application using this non-default feature-leadership should prioritize patching because service downtime directly affects customers and revenue.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: disable BodyDump middleware on all routes, enforce request and response size limits via reverse proxy or application-level configuration, and monitor memory usage for anomalies.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
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net/url in Go before 1.11.13 and 1.12.x before 1.12.8 mishandles malformed hosts in URLs, leading to an authorization by
Casdoor through 4.4.0 exposes its instance-wide built-in JWT signing private key unmasked through the /api/get-certs and
Host header injection in Nezha 2.2.3's OAuth2 redirect endpoint (/api/v1/oauth2/{provider}) allows an unauthenticated re
Session cross-wiring in SUSE NeuVector before 5.6.1 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to obtain another user's a
Unauthenticated path traversal in Uber Kraken through 0.1.29 allows remote attackers to read files outside the configure
The "go get" implementation in Go 1.9.4, when the -insecure command-line option is used, does not validate the import pa
Denial of service in Temporal Server allows an authenticated caller holding at least namespace read permission to crash
Account takeover in Klever-Go's KleverUpdateAccountPermission built-in (all versions prior to 1.7.20) allows an attacker
Maliciously crafted on-chain account names processed by Klever-Go prior to 1.7.20 are spliced into Elasticsearch _bulk r
EUVD-2026-112369
GHSA-f48p-c9v4-h7xv
NVD
CVE.org
Exploit-DB