Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessInduce client to connect to malicious SSH server
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ExploitServer sends repeated private EXT_INFO (msg 7) pre-auth
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ExecutionExtension names accumulate unbounded in received_extensions
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ImpactProgressive client memory exhaustion, denial of service
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource allocation limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The victim must initiate and maintain an SSH connection using the russh client library at a version below 0.65.0 to a server the attacker controls or has compromised; per the advisory this remains exploitable even after the client has verified the server's host key. No special client configuration is required: russh routes its private EXT_INFO message number 7 to handle_ext_info unconditionally in the pre-authentication states (WaitingAuthServiceRequest and WaitingAuthRequest), and the read-limit-based automatic rekey throttle only engages after authentication, so no pre-auth budget applies. The standards-compliant EXT_INFO number 82 is not processed by this handler, so the attack specifically relies on the server speaking russh's private number 7. Limiting factors: exploitation requires the user/application to connect to the hostile server (UI:R) and the session to stay alive for memory to grow; impact is limited to availability (memory exhaustion) with no code execution, data disclosure, or integrity impact. The only complete fix stated by the vendor is upgrading to 0.65.0. |
| Impact | This is a moderate-severity availability-only issue (CVSS 4.3, CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L, CWE-770 unbounded resource allocation) and the signals are internally consistent rather than conflicting. The vendor priority label is this_month, not act_now/emergency, which matches a non-critical DoS. The attack vector is network but the real precondition is that the client must connect to a malicious or compromised SSH server (reflected in UI:R), so this is not a server-side remotely-reachable flaw that attackers can spray against exposed infrastructure - it is a client-trust problem that bites applications embedding russh as an SSH client. There is no CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score in the supplied data, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation; a verified reproduction harness is published in the GitHub Security Advisory, which raises reproducibility but is distinct from in-the-wild use. Net: a legitimate but not urgent priority - patch within the vendor's this_month window. Impact is confined to availability (progressive memory exhaustion of the client process over the session lifetime); there is no confidentiality or integrity impact. Note the 'unauthenticated' framing (PR:N) is correct but should be read in context: the attacker is the server peer, which for a client library is the inherent threat position, and the advisory states this remains exploitable even after the client verifies the server host key. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An application that uses russh (< 0.65.0) as an SSH client connects to a server the attacker controls or has compromised. During the pre-authentication phase the malicious server repeatedly sends russh's private EXT_INFO message (message number 7), each packet carrying thousands of extension names, which the client appends to its per-session received_extensions vector without any cap, dedup, or trimming - progressively exhausting the client's memory for as long as the session lives. A verified reproduction harness (driving the real Session::process_packet path) is published in the GitHub Security Advisory. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026
Memory exhaustion in the russh Rust SSH library affects every release before 0.65.0: a malicious SSH server can send repeated pre-authentication EXT_INFO packets encoded with russh's private message number 7, and the client's handle_ext_info appends each parsed extension name to a per-session vector that is never cleared, deduplicated, or bounded, growing client heap for the lifetime of the connection. The victim must initiate a session with a hostile or compromised server (UI:R, PR:N), and the advisory reports that retention persists even after the client has verified the server's host key; impact is availability only (C:N/I:N/A:L, CVSS 4.3). The vendor shipped a fix in 0.65.0 and the advisory includes a reproduction harness exercising the real packet parser; there is no CISA KEV entry and no confirmed active exploitation, and no public exploit code is verified beyond that harness.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade russh to 0.65.0 or later (release tag v0.65.0, fix commit b33e93beec393e6d29eee69c1b8831736724ee75), which tracks an ext_info_count and returns Error::Inconsistent once more than two EXT_INFO messages arrive, keeping received_extensions bounded per RFC 8308 §2.4; per the vendor, upgrading is the only complete fix and no workaround is described in the advisory (https://github.com/Eugeny/russh/security/advisories/GHSA-4p9f-7p9m-5vfg). Because the trigger requires the client to connect to an attacker-controlled or compromised server - and the advisory states this holds even after host-key verification - practical exposure reduction until the upgrade is applied means pointing russh-based clients only at servers you operate or otherwise trust and avoiding long-lived unattended sessions to third-party endpoints; note that host-key pinning alone does not mitigate this, since the malicious-server position persists post-verification, and neither measure removes the underlying unbounded accumulator. Patched builds should be confirmed against the dependency tree of any crate that vendors or re-exports russh, since the CPE range covers every version below 0.65.0.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
SSH servers advertise capabilities with the RFC 8308 EXT_INFO message, which carries message number 82 on the wire. russh instead defines its own private constant msg::EXT_INFO = 7 (russh/src/msg.rs:32, present since 2022) and parses that number unconditionally, while the standards-compliant value 82 is not routed to the affected handler; a hostile server simply speaks number 7 to reach the vulnerable code. The state machine dispatches the packet to handle_ext_info in the WaitingAuthServiceRequest and WaitingAuthRequest states, and the read-limit-driven automatic rekey throttle only engages after authentication, so no pre-authentication budget constrains the packet rate or volume. The handler at russh/src/client/encrypted.rs:433 executes received_extensions.push(name.clone()) against the session-lifetime field declared at russh/src/session.rs:60 as Vec<String> with no cap and no deduplication, so the accumulation is a cross-packet sink rather than a single-packet allocation. The advisory's measurements show 400 packets of roughly 26 KB carrying 3000 extension names each retained 49.1 MiB with the vector reaching 1,200,000 entries, versus no retention for an equivalent volume of banner packets. This is CWE-770 (allocation of resources without limits or throttling) rooted in unbounded state accumulation, not a parsing memory-safety bug. The upstream fix adds an ext_info_count: u8 field and rejects a third EXT_INFO with Error::Inconsistent, citing RFC 8308 §2.4, which permits at most two EXT_INFO messages per session.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Malicious server is the unauthenticated attacker (PR:N) but the client must choose to connect (UI:R); straightforward packet flooding (AC:L); availability-only memory exhaustion (A:L, C/I:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
russh is a Rust SSH client and server library that includes an SSH agent protocol implementation. Prior to 0.65.0, the client Session::process_packet path in russh/src/client/encrypted.rs accepts repeated packets encoded with russh's private msg::EXT_INFO = 7 before authentication, while the standards-compliant EXT_INFO message number 82 does not reach the affected handler. The handle_ext_info function appends every parsed extension name to received_extensions without clearing, deduplicating, or bounding the vector. A malicious SSH server that deliberately sends private message number 7 can therefore retain an unbounded number of attacker-controlled extension names for the session lifetime, causing progressive client memory exhaustion. This issue is fixed in version 0.65.0.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
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EUVD-2026-111388
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
Exploit-DB