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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as enrolled host principal
  2. Delivery
    Identify target certificate by subject CN
  3. Exploit
    Invoke cert retrieve/revoke bypassing ownership check
  4. Execution
    Revoke victim's certificate
  5. Impact
    Disrupt dependent user or service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

The attacker must be an enrolled host with a valid host principal in the FreeIPA domain (authenticated, PR:L) - this is the primary limiting factor, excluding anonymous network attackers. The flaw is triggered because FreeIPA authorizes certificate retrieval/revocation solely by matching the requesting host name to the certificate's subject Common Name (CN), without confirming actual ownership in the directory service; any enrolled host that can present or assert a matching CN can therefore act on certificates belonging to other users or services. No special non-default configuration is named in the available description; the constraint is the requirement for an existing enrolled-host identity, after which exploitation is network-reachable and low-complexity.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity authorization flaw (CVSS 5.4, vendor-assigned by Red Hat) rather than a top-priority emergency. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L indicates network-reachable, low-complexity exploitation but requires low privileges (PR:L) - specifically an already-enrolled/authenticated host principal in the FreeIPA domain - which meaningfully limits the attacker population to insiders or those who have already compromised a host account. Impact is confined to integrity and availability (I:L/A:L) with no confidentiality loss (C:N); the realistic consequence is denial of service via revoking certificates belonging to other users or services, not data theft or code execution. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' (a patch-on-normal-cadence priority, not act_now/emergency). No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public PoC is present in the supplied data, so there is no signal of active or imminent widespread exploitation. The signals are internally consistent: a low-to-moderate CVSS, a non-urgent decision label, and the absence of exploitation indicators all point to a genuine but non-critical issue. The one cross-check worth noting is that the input Tags label this 'Authentication Bypass,' while the description and CWE-863 describe an improper authorization (not authentication) weakness - the attacker is already authenticated.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who controls any enrolled host in the FreeIPA domain (authenticated as that host principal) requests revocation of a certificate whose subject CN matches a name they can assert, even though the certificate actually belongs to a different user or service. Because FreeIPA checks ownership only by matching the host name to the certificate's subject CN rather than confirming ownership in the directory, the revocation succeeds and disrupts the victim service. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 22, 2026

Improper authorization in FreeIPA lets any enrolled host retrieve and revoke X.509 certificates belonging to other users or services, disrupting those services, because ownership is checked only by matching the host name to the certificate subject Common Name. The flaw is moderate severity (CVSS 5.4) and requires an authenticated host principal (PR:L); Red Hat tracks it for remediation this month, and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; track Red Hat's advisory https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-115221 and Bugzilla https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2559043 for fixed FreeIPA packages and apply them for the affected RHEL 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 branch. Until then, the practical compensating control is to restrict which systems can obtain enrolled-host identities: unenroll or refuse enrollment for untrusted hosts, since every enrolled host with a valid host principal can exercise the CN-matching authorization path; the trade-off is reduced automation and onboarding friction. Monitor FreeIPA certificate retrieval and revocation events for hosts acting on certificates whose subject CN does not match their own identity, and investigate such events; this provides detection but does not prevent the authorization bypass. The available data does not document a configuration switch that disables the vulnerable CN-based authorization check.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

FreeIPA is Red Hat's integrated identity management stack for Linux, combining Kerberos, DNS, and a certificate authority; the affected code is its certificate authorization path. The root cause is CWE-863, incorrect authorization: the service decides whether a host may act on a certificate by comparing the requesting host name with the certificate's subject CN, but does not verify in the directory service that the host actually owns that certificate. As a result, an enrolled host with a valid host principal (authenticated, PR:L) can use the network-reachable, low-complexity path (AV:N/AC:L/UI:N) to retrieve or revoke certificates assigned to other users or services. The available CVSS metrics show limited integrity and availability impact (I:L/A:L) and no confidentiality impact (C:N); the supplied sources do not describe any additional trigger condition. CPE entries associate the issue with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 5.4 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
vuln.today AI 5.4 MEDIUM

Requires an authenticated enrolled host (PR:L) over the network with low complexity; impact is certificate revocation affecting integrity and service availability (I:L/A:L), with no confidentiality loss (C:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Red Hat 5.4 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in FreeIPA. An improper authorization check allows an authenticated host to retrieve and revoke digital certificates assigned to other users or services. This issue occurs because FreeIPA verifies ownership solely by matching the host name to the certificate's subject Common Name (CN), without confirming actual ownership in the directory service. Consequently, an enrolled host can disrupt services by revoking certificates belonging to other entities.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 97% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
FreeIPA/IdM is common in enterprise Red Hat Linux estates, not universal
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

27
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +27
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2015-5179 HIGH POC
7.5 Sep 20

FreeIPA might display user data improperly via vectors involving non-printable characters. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5

CVE-2015-5284 CRITICAL
9.8 Sep 21

ipa-kra-install in FreeIPA before 4.2.2 puts the CA agent certificate and private key in /etc/httpd/alias/kra-agent.pem,

CVE-2013-0336 MEDIUM POC
5.0 Nov 03

The ipapwd_chpwop function in daemons/ipa-slapi-plugins/ipa-pwd-extop/ipa_pwd_extop.c in the directory server (dirsrv) i

CVE-2017-11191 HIGH
8.8 Sep 28

FreeIPA 4.x with API version 2.213 allows a remote authenticated users to bypass intended account-locking restrictions v

CVE-2024-2698 HIGH
8.8 Jun 12

A vulnerability was found in FreeIPA in how the initial implementation of MS-SFU by MIT Kerberos was missing a condition

CVE-2019-14867 HIGH
8.8 Nov 27

A flaw was found in IPA, all 4.6.x versions before 4.6.7, all 4.7.x versions before 4.7.4 and all 4.8.x versions before

CVE-2026-79678 HIGH
8.1 Sep 07

Eval injection in FreeIPA's idp-add command allows any authenticated IPA domain principal, regardless of privilege, to e

CVE-2012-5484 HIGH
7.9 Jan 27

The client in FreeIPA 2.x and 3.x before 3.1.2 does not properly obtain the Certification Authority (CA) certificate fro

CVE-2016-7030 HIGH
7.5 Aug 28

FreeIPA uses a default password policy that locks an account after 5 unsuccessful authentication attempts, which allows

CVE-2016-5414 HIGH
7.5 Jun 27

FreeIPA 4.4.0 allows remote attackers to request an arbitrary SAN name for services. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), thi

CVE-2016-5404 MEDIUM
6.5 Sep 07

The cert_revoke command in FreeIPA does not check for the "revoke certificate" permission, which allows remote authentic

CVE-2023-5455 MEDIUM
6.5 Jan 10

A Cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists in ipa/session/login_password in all supported versions of IPA.

Vendor StatusVendor

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