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miniOrange 2FA EUVDEUVD-2026-107076

| CVE-2026-111949 HIGH
Improper Authentication (CWE-287)
2026-10-21 WPScan GHSA-79v7-2xfm-2p77
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: WPScan
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain victim WordPress password
  2. Delivery
    Initiate login, reach pending-passkey state
  3. Exploit
    Register attacker-controlled passkey
  4. Execution
    Authenticate with own authenticator
  5. Impact
    Full account takeover bypassing 2FA

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication mechanism validation
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Defense Evasion, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that the attacker already knows the victim's WordPress account password AND that the targeted account already has a passkey configured in miniOrange 2FA - the flaw is that a login left in the 'pending passkey' state is permitted to register an additional, attacker-controlled passkey instead of being blocked. Limiting factors: the attacker must possess valid primary credentials (PR:L), must interact during the pending-login window which introduces a timing/state dependency (reflected as AC:H), and the installed plugin version must be between 6.2.9 and 6.3.1. No victim user interaction is required (UI:N). This is not a condition reachable against a fully unauthenticated attacker.

Impact

This is a genuine but conditional priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N) correctly captures the two realities that temper the 7.5 base score: the attacker must already hold the victim's password (PR:L), and exploitation depends on hitting a specific 'pending passkey login' state (AC:H). Publicly available exploit code exists (reported by WPScan), which raises practical risk, but there is no CISA KEV listing and no EPSS score was supplied, so there is no evidence of active or widespread exploitation at this time - treat this as 'exploit available, exploitation unconfirmed.' The signals are internally consistent (network-reachable WordPress plugin, credential-dependent auth bypass), with no contradiction between the vector and the description. The real-world gating factor is credential compromise: this is an authentication (2FA) bypass that assumes the primary factor is already defeated, so it is most relevant where password reuse, phishing, or prior breaches are in play rather than as a standalone remote-takeover bug.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already obtained a target WordPress user's password (via phishing, reuse, or a prior leak) initiates a login and, while the session is in the pending-passkey state, registers their own authenticator on the account despite an existing passkey being configured. On the next login the attacker satisfies the second factor with their own passkey, fully bypassing 2FA and taking over the account. Public exploit code for this flaw is available via WPScan, lowering the effort required.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

miniOrange 2FA versions 6.2.9 to before 6.3.1 permit an attacker who already knows a victim's WordPress password to add an attacker-controlled passkey during a pending passkey login, bypassing the second factor on accounts that already have a passkey. The assessed vector is CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N, so exploitation is authenticated (PR:L) and depends on a timing/state window (AC:H), with high confidentiality and integrity impact but no availability impact; publicly available exploit code exists, while no CISA KEV entry was supplied.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: 6.3.1. Upgrade the miniOrange 2FA WordPress plugin to 6.3.1 or later; use the WPScan entry at https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/0bd43d99-6b83-4d77-85d6-2c512b8da022/ and the NVD entry at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-111949 for tracking and version confirmation. If upgrading immediately is not possible, disable passkey-based login/enrollment in the plugin and require TOTP or another MFA method while the vulnerable version remains installed; the trade-off is loss of phishing-resistant authentication and likely re-enrollment for users. Also review accounts that already have passkeys, remove any unrecognized authenticators, and rotate passwords for those accounts; this is disruptive but addresses the attacker's primary-credential prerequisite. Restricting wp-login.php and the plugin's MFA endpoints to trusted networks or a VPN reduces exposure but limits legitimate remote access; none of these workarounds replaces the 6.3.1 fix for the missing pending-state check.

Affected VersionsENISA

miniOrange 2FA 6.2.9 <6.3.1

Affected Packages

euvd miniorange_2fa fix: 6.3.1

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) in the WordPress miniOrange 2FA plugin. The affected component implements a passkey/WebAuthn second-factor flow, and the flaw is that a login left in the pending-passkey state is allowed to register an additional passkey on an account that already has one configured, instead of being blocked. That missing state/authorization check is the root cause. Because the CVSS vector contains PR:L, the attacker must first authenticate with valid primary credentials; because it contains AC:H, the pending-login window introduces a race/timing dependency; UI:N means no separate victim interaction is required. The assessed scope is unchanged (S:U), with C:H/I:H and A:N. The supplied CPE cpe:2.3:a:unknown:miniorange_2fa:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* uses an 'unknown' vendor namespace and a wildcard version, so the authoritative affected range comes from EUVD/WPScan: 6.2.9 <6.3.1. This is a second-factor enrollment weakness reachable by an authenticated attacker with the victim's password, not an unauthenticated authentication bypass.

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Severity by source

Vendor (WPScan) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 6.8 MEDIUM

Attacker needs the victim's password (PR:L) and must hit the pending-login state (AC:H); successful 2FA bypass yields account takeover (C:H/I:H), with no direct availability impact (A:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (WPScan).

CVSS VectorVendor: WPScan

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Oct 21, 2026 - 11:22 NVD
7.5 (HIGH)
Patch available
Oct 21, 2026 - 07:01 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 21, 2026 - 06:00 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)
CVE Published
Oct 21, 2026 - 06:00 cve.org
HIGH 7.5

DescriptionCVE.org

The miniOrange 2FA WordPress plugin before 6.3.1 does not prevent a pending passkey login from registering an additional passkey on an account that already has one configured, allowing an attacker who knows a user's password to add their own authenticator and bypass the second factor.

Technical POC Analysis

CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) in the miniOrange 2FA WordPress plugin's passkey second-factor flow.

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

miniOrange 2FA for WordPress sites with passkey-enabled accounts contains a high-severity second-factor bypass that allows an attacker who already knows a user's password to add an attacker-controlled passkey during a pending login and take over the account. This undermines the protection leadership expects from 2FA on WordPress administrative and sensitive accounts, creating exposure to data disclosure and unauthorized changes. Publicly available exploit code exists, although no CISA KEV entry was supplied, so affected sites should be prioritized for remediation.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 96% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular WordPress 2FA plugin, common but not on every site
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

58
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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