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Oracle Java SE EUVDEUVD-2026-106701

| CVE-2026-91451 MEDIUM
Improper Access Control (CWE-284)
2026-10-20 secalert_us@oracle.com GHSA-vqqv-7v72-gw94
5.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach exposed Java networking API
  2. Exploit
    Send crafted data via web service
  3. Execution
    Trigger integrity flaw in Networking component
  4. Impact
    Perform unauthorized update/insert/delete of some data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Access control enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires supplying attacker-controlled data to APIs in the Oracle Java SE Networking component through a non-applet/non-Web-Start path - Oracle explicitly scopes this to data fed to the component 'such as through a web service,' so the affected JVM must expose or process attacker-reachable network input via that component. No authentication, privileges, or user interaction is needed (PR:N/UI:N). The practical limiting factor is reachability: the vulnerable code path must be invoked with untrusted data, so systems that do not expose the affected networking functionality to untrusted sources are not realistically exploitable, and impact is confined to partial integrity (some data can be altered) with no read or availability effect.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity integrity-only flaw (CVSS 3.1 base 5.3, vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N). The signals are internally consistent: network vector, low attack complexity, and no privileges or user interaction required, meaning an unauthenticated remote attacker can reach it easily - but impact is limited to partial integrity (I:L) with no confidentiality (C:N) and no availability (A:N) effect, so it cannot read data or cause denial of service. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, SSVC decision, or public POC was provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or weaponization; the real-world urgency appears lower than the 'easily exploitable' phrasing alone might suggest. The 'Authentication Bypass' tag conflicts with the actual effect described (unauthorized update/insert/delete to some accessible data, i.e. an integrity flaw, not an auth-control bypass) - treat that tag with caution and prefer the Oracle description. Net: patch via the normal Oracle CPU cycle rather than emergency response, but note the vulnerable product's enormous footprint raises aggregate exposure.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated attacker submits crafted data to a networked service that passes it to the affected Oracle Java SE Networking component - for example through a web service endpoint - without using Java Web Start applications or applets. Low attack complexity and no required privileges or user interaction let the attacker modify, insert, or delete a subset of the application's accessible data. No public exploit code was identified in the provided intelligence.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

Unauthenticated network attackers can cause limited integrity modification of data in Oracle Java SE and GraalVM deployments that pass attacker-controlled input to the Networking component, affecting specific 8u503, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, and 25.0.4.1 releases. The CVSS 3.1 score is 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N), meaning only partial unauthorized data updates, inserts, or deletes are possible, with no confidentiality or availability impact; exploitation is constrained by the need to reach the affected networking API path outside applet or Java Web Start contexts, such as through a web service. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry was identified in the provided data, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the fixes referenced in the Oracle Critical Patch Update October 2026 advisory (https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html) for Oracle Java SE 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, and 25.0.4.1, and for Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1 and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.19.1.1; the provided data does not specify exact fixed build numbers, so confirm the patched release in the advisory before deployment. Until patched, restrict or sanitize untrusted data passed to Networking APIs in affected JVMs and avoid exposing services that feed attacker-controlled network input into that component; this reduces reachability but may break legitimate web-service integrations or network-dependent applications. Where the component is not required by the application, removing or isolating the vulnerable networking functionality is a compensating control, with the trade-off of lost functionality.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Java SE 8u503-perf
Oracle Java SE 8u503
Oracle Java SE 17.0.20.1
Oracle Java SE 25.0.4.1
Oracle Java SE 21.0.12.1
Oracle Java SE 11.0.32.1

Affected Packages

euvd oracle_java_se no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Oracle Java SE's Networking component provides APIs for network communication, and this flaw is reachable when an application supplies attacker-controlled data to those APIs; Oracle explicitly scopes exploitation to non-applet and non-Java-Web-Start paths, such as a web service. The CVSS vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N indicates a remote, low-complexity, unauthenticated attack requiring no user interaction, with scope unchanged and only low integrity impact, no confidentiality impact, and no availability impact. No CWE is assigned in the provided data, and the Authentication Bypass tag should be read alongside Oracle's integrity-only impact statement rather than as evidence of broader compromise. The practical precondition is that the affected networking code path must be reachable with untrusted input, so systems that do not expose that functionality to attacker-controlled sources are not realistically exploitable.

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.3 MEDIUM

Unauthenticated network-reachable API (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N) with low complexity; impact limited to partial unauthorized data modification, so I:L with C:N and A:N.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in Oracle Java SE (component: Networking). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1, 25.0.4.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can only be exploited by supplying data to APIs in the specified Component without using Untrusted Java Web Start applications or Untrusted Java applets, such as through a web service. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.3 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 79% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Oracle Java SE/JDK runtime is deployed across a huge fraction of enterprise environments
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

26
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +26
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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