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Oracle Java SE EUVDEUVD-2026-106636

| CVE-2026-91382 MEDIUM
Improper Access Control (CWE-284)
2026-10-20 secalert_us@oracle.com GHSA-wp5h-3q7r-3q8q
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach exposed Java API or web service
  2. Exploit
    Submit crafted data to 2D component
  3. Execution
    Trigger processing flaw under difficult conditions
  4. Impact
    Modify or corrupt critical data / partial DoS

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Access control enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the vulnerable Java 2D component to receive attacker-controlled input - specifically an application, web service, or API that feeds untrusted data to the 2D APIs, or a client running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets that load and run untrusted code and rely on the Java sandbox. No authentication is required (PR:N) and no user interaction is needed (UI:N). The principal limiting factor is high attack complexity (AC:H): Oracle explicitly labels this 'difficult to exploit,' meaning success depends on conditions the attacker cannot directly control. Server-side risk is confined to deployments that actually route untrusted data into the 2D APIs; the sandboxed applet/Web Start client vector is increasingly rare in modern environments as browser plugin support has been removed.

Impact

This is a moderate-risk issue that should be patched on a normal cycle rather than treated as an emergency. The CVSS 3.1 score of 6.5 is driven by high integrity impact (I:H) and partial availability impact (A:L), with no confidentiality impact (C:N). The key mitigating signal is attack complexity: AV:N/PR:N/UI:N means a remote, unauthenticated attacker with no user interaction, but AC:H (high complexity) indicates the attack depends on conditions outside the attacker's control and is described by Oracle as 'difficult to exploit.' No EPSS score, KEV listing, or public POC is present in the provided data, so there is no evidence of active or imminent exploitation - exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' Signals are internally consistent (network vector matches the 'via multiple protocols' and 'web service which supplies data to the APIs' language), so no major conflict exists. The practical tension is between a ubiquitous product footprint (Java SE/GraalVM) and a high-complexity, impact-limited flaw: broad reach but hard-to-weaponize. Absent EPSS/KEV/POC data, treat this as a standard high-priority patch within the Oracle October 2026 CPU, not an out-of-band fire drill.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote, unauthenticated attacker supplies specially crafted data to an application that passes it to the Java 2D component - for example through a web service or API that processes attacker-controlled image or rendering input. If the difficult-to-satisfy preconditions are met, the attacker corrupts or modifies critical data and can induce a partial denial of service. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity makes reliable exploitation non-trivial.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

Oracle Java SE (8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1), Oracle GraalVM for JDK (17.0.20.1, 21.0.12.1) and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition (21.3.19.1.1) contain an input-handling weakness in the 2D component that a remote, unauthenticated attacker can reach over the network through multiple protocols, resulting in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification of critical data plus a partial denial of service. Oracle rates the flaw 'difficult to exploit' (CVSS 3.1 6.5, AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L), so success depends on conditions the attacker cannot directly control - in practice the target must route attacker-supplied data into the 2D APIs, or run untrusted code inside the Java sandbox via applets or Web Start. No public exploit code or active exploitation was identified at time of analysis, and this is a patch-on-normal-cycle issue rather than an emergency.

RemediationAI

Patch status: patch available per vendor advisory - apply the Oracle Critical Patch Update published at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html, which supersedes the affected releases 8u503/8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1, GraalVM for JDK 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.19.1.1; exact replacement build numbers should be read from that advisory rather than assumed. Because exploitation requires untrusted data to reach the 2D APIs, interim compensating controls are practical: stop passing externally sourced images, fonts or rendering parameters into java.awt/2D decode and render paths on internet-facing services (or transcode them in an isolated, memory-capped worker), with the trade-off of added latency and loss of format fidelity; enforce strict size, dimension and format allow-lists on uploaded or streamed 2D content, accepting that some legitimate inputs will be rejected; and run any component that must process untrusted 2D data under an OS-level sandbox or low-privilege account with memory limits, which blunts the integrity and partial-DoS outcomes but complicates deployment. For client JVMs, disabling applet and Web Start execution entirely removes the sandbox-escape-style vector (no functional loss on modern releases where that support is already gone), and restricting outbound/network reachability for JVMs that do not need it limits the AV:N path. Do not treat this as an emergency: schedule the CPU on a normal cycle, but inventory services that decode untrusted images so the patch lands where exposure actually exists.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Java SE 17.0.20.1
Oracle Java SE 11.0.32.1
Oracle Java SE 8u503
Oracle Java SE 8u503-perf
Oracle GraalVM for JDK 21.0.12.1
Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.20.1
Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.19.1.1

Affected Packages

euvd oracle_graalvm_enterprise_edition no fix
euvd oracle_graalvm_for_jdk no fix
euvd oracle_java_se no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 3 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw sits in the Java 2D subsystem, the platform library responsible for rasterization, image decoding, color management, font handling and rendering pipelines exposed through java.awt and javax.imageio-style APIs. Oracle did not assign a CWE, but the behavior - integrity compromise and partial availability loss driven by crafted input consumed by the component - is consistent with an input-validation/parsing defect in code that processes externally supplied 2D data (images, fonts, or rendering parameters). Because the vulnerable surface is the API rather than a network listener per se, exposure is entirely deployment-dependent: any web service, servlet, message consumer or library that decodes untrusted images or renders untrusted content inherits the risk, and the vector also covers client JVMs running sandboxed Web Start applications or applets that rely on the Java sandbox for isolation. The high attack complexity (AC:H) and the C:N rating indicate the attacker gains no direct confidentiality read, and the integrity/availability outcomes require attacker-uncontrolled preconditions to line up. No CPE identifiers were supplied with the advisory data; affected builds are identified by Oracle's own version strings. Sandboxed applet and Web Start delivery is largely historical in modern environments given the removal of browser plugin support, which materially narrows the realistic client-side attack surface.

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Remote unauthenticated input to the 2D APIs with no UI gives AV:N/PR:N/UI:N; Oracle's 'difficult to exploit' justifies AC:H; impacts are data integrity (I:H) and partial DoS (A:L) with no confidentiality (C:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u503, 8u503-perf, 11.0.32.1, 17.0.20.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20.1 and 21.0.12.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19.1.1. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L).

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 78% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Oracle Java SE and GraalVM runtimes are deployed across a huge fraction of environments
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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