Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessCraft URL with percent-encoded dangerous scheme
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DeliverySubmit to app that blocklists raw scheme
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Exploitfast-uri normalizes to live javascript/data/vbscript URL
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ExecutionPayload stored or reflected into page
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PersistVictim renders or clicks link
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ImpactScript executes in victim browser
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
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| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a consuming application that (1) uses fast-uri to parse/normalize/resolve a URL, (2) screens for dangerous schemes against the RAW input string, and then (3) stores or renders the normalized/resolved output (or relies on fast-uri's equal() for allowlist comparison). The concrete trigger is an input whose scheme component contains a percent sign that decodes to javascript, data, or vbscript. Limiting factors: the victim must render or click the resulting URL (UI:R), so it is not fully automatic; applications that validate the parsed/normalized scheme against an allowlist (rather than the raw string), or that reject any scheme containing '%', are not affected; and the flaw is inert in library usage that never emits the normalized scheme into an HTML/URL sink. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but moderate-priority web-security issue rather than a critical infrastructure flaw. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N = 6.1, Medium) is internally consistent with a cross-site scripting outcome: network reachable, low complexity, no privileges, but requiring user interaction (victim must render/click the malicious URL), with a scope change (the injected script executes in the victim's browser, a different component) and only Low confidentiality/integrity impact and no availability impact. CWE-172 (Encoding Error) accurately captures the root cause - percent-decoding the scheme via legacy unescape() before validation. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, POC reference, or SSVC decision data was provided in the input, so exploitation status is: no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Critically, this is a LIBRARY defect whose real-world impact is fully conditional on consuming-application behavior (screening raw input, then trusting the normalized/resolved output) - the library alone is not directly exploitable, which tempers the raw CVSS-derived risk. Treat as a dependency-hygiene patch priority, not an emergency, absent evidence of a vulnerable usage pattern in your own code. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker submits a URL whose scheme is percent-encoded (e.g. the decoded form resolves to "javascript") to an application that blocklists dangerous schemes on the raw string but then stores or renders the fast-uri-normalized/resolved result. Because the raw input does not visually match a dangerous scheme, it passes the filter, but normalization emits a live javascript:, data:, or vbscript: URL; when a victim later views or clicks it (UI:R), script executes in their browser as stored or reflected XSS. No public exploit code was identified in the provided intelligence. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026
Percent-encoded scheme normalization in fast-uri before 2.4.8, in 3.0.0 through 3.1.8, and in 4.0.0 through 4.2.2 can convert an input that raw-string filters consider inert into a live javascript, data, or vbscript URL. Applications that parse, normalize, or resolve a URL with fast-uri, screen dangerous schemes using the raw input, and then store or render the normalized/resolved result-or use equal() for equality-based allowlists-can be exposed to stored or reflected cross-site scripting. Exploitation requires victim interaction (UI:R), and no public exploit identified at time of analysis; KEV status is not indicated.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: fast-uri 2.4.8, 3.1.9, and 4.2.3. Upgrade to the applicable fixed version or later; see the GitHub advisory at https://github.com/fastify/fast-uri/security/advisories/GHSA-w74x-v6f9-j3xg and the OpenJS Foundation advisory page at https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html. If immediate upgrade is not possible, reject any input whose scheme component contains a percent sign before parsing, or validate the parsed/normalized scheme against an explicit allowlist and use that same parsed result for storage, rendering, and equality checks rather than the raw string. These workarounds carry low compatibility cost for RFC 3986-compliant inputs, but they require application changes and do not fix the underlying parsing behavior, so upgrading remains the primary remediation.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in npm
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Technical ContextAI · show details
fast-uri is a dependency-free RFC 3986 URI parser and serializer for Node.js. The flaw is an encoding-handling error (CWE-172): the library percent-decodes the scheme component with the legacy global unescape() function before validating it. RFC 3986 does not permit percent-encoding in the scheme, and other parsers do not accept such input, but fast-uri emits the decoded dangerous token as a live scheme. The equal() comparison also treats an encoded scheme and its plain equivalent as identical, which can undermine allowlists that rely on equality after parsing. The issue is specific to consuming applications that trust fast-uri's normalized or resolved scheme output without re-validating it against an allowlist; library usage that never emits the normalized scheme into an HTML or URL sink remains inert. No CPE strings were supplied in the available data.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Remote unauthenticated injection (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) requires the victim to render the crafted URL (UI:R); script runs in the victim browser, a separate component (S:C), with Low C/I and no availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb).
CVSS VectorVendor: ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
fast-uri is a dependency-free RFC 3986 URI parser and serializer for Node.js. In versions before 2.4.8, from 3.0.0 through 3.1.8, and from 4.0.0 through 4.2.2, fast-uri percent-decodes the scheme component with the legacy global unescape() function before validating it, so an input whose decoded scheme is a dangerous token is emitted as a live scheme even though RFC 3986 does not allow percent-encoding in a scheme and no other parser accepts it. An application that screens dangerous schemes on the raw input and then stores or renders the normalized or resolved result can turn an inert string into an executable javascript, data, or vbscript URL, producing a stored or reflected cross-site scripting vector, and the equal() comparison treats an encoded and a plain scheme as the same, which can bypass equality-based allowlists. The issue is fixed in fast-uri 2.4.8, 3.1.9, and 4.2.3, and users should upgrade to one of these versions or later. As a workaround, reject input whose scheme part contains a percent sign, or check the parsed scheme against an allowlist after normalization and use that same parsed result rather than the raw string.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
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EUVD-2026-104814
GHSA-w74x-v6f9-j3xg
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB