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Modsecurity CVE-2025-27110

HIGH
Encoding Error (CWE-172)
2025-02-25 security-advisories@github.com
7.9
CVSS 4.0 · GitHub Advisory
View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Configuration Dependency management, component inventory
Impact

CVSS score of 7.9 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.14%.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the high-severity affected system.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

Libmodsecurity is one component of the ModSecurity v3 project. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-172. Libmodsecurity is one component of the ModSecurity v3 project. The library codebase serves as an interface to ModSecurity Connectors taking in web traffic and applying traditional ModSecurity processing. A bug that exists only in Libmodsecurity3 version 3.0.13 means that, in 3.0.13, Libmodsecurity3 can't decode encoded HTML entities if they contains leading zeroes. Version 3.0.14 contains a fix. No known workarounds are available. Affected products include: Trustwave Modsecurity. Version information: version 3.0.13.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 7.9 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H
SUSE 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Red Hat 8.6 HIGH

Primary rating from GitHub Advisory.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
High
Subsequent system: Integrity
High
Subsequent system: Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Patch released
Apr 05, 2026 - 14:30 nvd
Patch available
PoC Detected
Feb 28, 2025 - 14:36 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Feb 25, 2025 - 20:15 nvd
HIGH 7.9

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

Libmodsecurity is one component of the ModSecurity v3 project. The library codebase serves as an interface to ModSecurity Connectors taking in web traffic and applying traditional ModSecurity processing. A bug that exists only in Libmodsecurity3 version 3.0.13 means that, in 3.0.13, Libmodsecurity3 can't decode encoded HTML entities if they contains leading zeroes. Version 3.0.14 contains a fix. No known workarounds are available.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using Libmodsecurity face notable risk from CVE-2025-27110 rated CVSS 7.9. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Implement network-level access controls to limit exposure; (2) Enable enhanced monitoring and alerting; (3) Apply principle of least privilege.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 65% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

60
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +40
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

cpe:2.3:a:trustwave:modsecurity:3.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2025-48866 HIGH POC
7.5 Jun 02

ModSecurity versions prior to 2.9.10 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the `sanitiseArg` and `sanitizeArg` ac

CVE-2021-42717 HIGH POC
7.5 Dec 07

ModSecurity 3.x through 3.0.5 mishandles excessively nested JSON objects. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerabi

CVE-2020-15598 HIGH POC
7.5 Oct 06

Trustwave ModSecurity 3.x through 3.0.4 allows denial of service via a special request. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5),

CVE-2019-13464 HIGH POC
7.5 Jul 09

An issue was discovered in OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set (CRS) 3.0.2. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerabili

CVE-2012-4528 MEDIUM POC
5.0 Dec 28

The mod_security2 module before 2.7.0 for the Apache HTTP Server allows remote attackers to bypass rules, and deliver ar

CVE-2018-13065 MEDIUM POC
6.1 Jul 03

ModSecurity 3.0.0 has XSS via an onerror attribute of an IMG element. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1), this vulnerabili

CVE-2013-2765 MEDIUM POC
5.0 Jul 15

The ModSecurity module before 2.7.4 for the Apache HTTP Server allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NUL

CVE-2019-11391 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Apr 21

An issue was discovered in OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set (CRS) through 3.1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this v

CVE-2019-11390 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Apr 21

An issue was discovered in OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set (CRS) through 3.1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this v

CVE-2019-11389 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Apr 21

An issue was discovered in OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set (CRS) through 3.1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this v

CVE-2019-11388 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Apr 21

An issue was discovered in OWASP ModSecurity Core Rule Set (CRS) through 3.1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this v

CVE-2013-5705 MEDIUM POC
5.0 Apr 15

apache2/modsecurity.c in ModSecurity before 2.7.6 allows remote attackers to bypass rules by using chunked transfer codi

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: High
Product Status
openSUSE Tumbleweed Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 Fixed

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