Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach Boa web interface over network
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DeliveryPOST to non-existent .cgi path
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ExploitTrigger unauthenticated write to fixed /tmp staging file
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ExecutionOverwrite boa_temp.update or boa_temp.para content
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ImpactCorrupt pending firmware update or config restore / cause DoS
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Authentication required for critical functions
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires network reachability to the device's Boa-derived /bin/boa web server and the ability to send an HTTP POST to a non-existent .cgi pathname; no authentication, user interaction, or special configuration is needed (PR:N/UI:N). The practical LIMITING factors are: (1) impact is confined to two hardcoded staging files (/tmp/boa_temp.update, /tmp/boa_temp.para), so it does not grant arbitrary file write or direct RCE; (2) meaningful tampering is most impactful only when a firmware update or configuration restore is pending; and (3) the router's web interface must be reachable by the attacker, which on default deployments is typically LAN-side rather than WAN-exposed, reducing remote Internet exposure. |
| Impact | The provided CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) describes a remotely reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated flaw, which aligns with the CWE-306 (Missing Authentication) classification and the description's 'unauthenticated file write' claim - these signals are internally consistent. However, the impact is deliberately bounded: VC:N/VI:L/VA:L indicates no confidentiality loss and only limited integrity/availability effects, because the attacker can only write to two fixed staging files (/tmp/boa_temp.update and /tmp/boa_temp.para) rather than achieve arbitrary file write or direct code execution. This yields the moderate 6.9 score. No EPSS score was supplied, the CVE is NOT in CISA KEV, and the two references are a VulnCheck advisory and a public write-up repository - not weaponized exploit code - so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' Net assessment: this is a legitimate unauthenticated flaw worth patching on exposed devices, but it is NOT a high-priority mass-exploitation threat - the limited, staging-file-scoped impact and the niche consumer-router footprint keep real-world risk moderate rather than critical. KEY MISSING DATA: no EPSS probability and no confirmed vendor patch version were provided, so widespread-exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker who can reach the router's web management interface (e.g., an Internet-exposed or LAN-adjacent device) sends a crafted HTTP POST to a non-existent .cgi path on the Boa-derived /bin/boa server. The server writes the attacker-controlled body into /tmp/boa_temp.update or /tmp/boa_temp.para, corrupting a pending firmware update or configuration restore, or exhausting/tampering with staging state to cause denial of service. No public exploit code was identified, though the attack is trivial to reproduce given the low complexity and absence of authentication. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 18, 2026
Unauthenticated file write in the Boa-derived /bin/boa web server on Netcore NR256CN routers (firmware through 1.5.140116) lets remote attackers overwrite the firmware-update and configuration-restore staging files /tmp/boa_temp.update and /tmp/boa_temp.para by POSTing to a non-existent .cgi pathname. The flaw is a missing-authentication weakness (CWE-306) rated CVSS 6.9 with a PR:N/UI:N vector, but impact is bounded: writes are confined to two hardcoded temp paths, so the realistic outcomes are tampering with a pending update or configuration restore and denial of service rather than arbitrary file write or direct code execution. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) were identified at time of analysis, and practical exposure is limited by the need for the router's management interface to be network-reachable - typically LAN-side on default deployments.
RemediationAI
Patch status: no vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis - the cited references are a VulnCheck advisory and a researcher write-up, not a vendor firmware release, so confirm with Netcore whether a firmware update beyond 1.5.140116 addresses the staging-file write before relying on an upgrade. Until then, the highest-value control is to remove reachability of the Boa web interface: block TCP/80 and TCP/443 to the router from WAN and from untrusted segments, disable remote/WAN management, and place the management UI on an isolated administrative VLAN with strict ACLs - the trade-off is loss of convenient remote administration. Where the web UI is needed, restrict it to a jump host or VPN, and avoid performing firmware updates or configuration restores while the interface is exposed to untrusted users, since the tampering primitive only matters when such an operation is pending. Reboot the device to clear the /tmp staging files after suspected contact (side effect: it drops active sessions and any in-progress update), verify firmware images and configuration backups against vendor-published hashes out-of-band before applying them, and monitor/alert on HTTP POSTs to non-existent .cgi paths as a detection signal. Because no patch is confirmed, treat these as compensating controls rather than a fix, and re-check the VulnCheck advisory for an updated fixed firmware version.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Boa is a small, legacy embedded HTTP server widely used in routers, cameras, and DVRs; it handles CGI requests by buffering request bodies and, in this Netcore build, saving unauthenticated POST content into fixed staging paths under /tmp. The root cause class is CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function: the handler that writes to /tmp/boa_temp.update and /tmp/boa_temp.para performs no session or credential check, and the write is triggered even when the requested .cgi pathname does not exist, meaning no valid CGI endpoint or authentication gate must be satisfied. Because the destination filenames are hardcoded and the content is not executed directly, the primitive is a constrained write (integrity/availability impact at Low per the assessed CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L) rather than a general arbitrary-write or RCE primitive; the attacker's leverage comes from corrupting artifacts that a subsequent firmware update or configuration restore process trusts.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Unauthenticated network-reachable POST with low complexity (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N); only limited integrity and availability impact since writes are confined to two fixed staging files, and no confidentiality impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
Netcore NR256CN through 1.5.140116 contains an unauthenticated file write vulnerability in the Boa-derived /bin/boa web server that allows remote attackers to overwrite update and restore staging files. Attackers can POST to a non-existent .cgi pathname to write attacker-controlled content into /tmp/boa_temp.update or /tmp/boa_temp.para, tampering with pending firmware updates or configuration restores or causing denial of service.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
An unauthenticated stack-based buffer overflow in the Boa web server embedded in Netcore NR256CN firmware through 1.5.14
Unauthenticated attackers with network reachability to the Boa-based web management interface of a Netcore NR256CN route
Unauthenticated attackers who can reach the management interface of a Netcore NR256CN router can bypass authentication a
EUVD-2026-103469
GHSA-498m-g7jx-66f7
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
Exploit-DB