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Vert.x MySQL Client EUVDEUVD-2026-101957

| CVE-2026-102466 HIGH
Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value (CWE-789)
2026-10-15 eclipse GHSA-wpjj-864q-ggc9
8.2
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: eclipse
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain control of MySQL server or MITM position
  2. Delivery
    Client issues query over connection
  3. Exploit
    Server sends result set with huge column count
  4. Execution
    Client pre-allocates oversized column array
  5. Persist
    OutOfMemoryError crashes Netty event loop
  6. Impact
    Full DoS of all verticles

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory allocation limits
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the Vert.x application to receive a MySQL result-set packet from an attacker-influenced source: either the MySQL server itself is malicious or compromised, or the attacker holds a man-in-the-middle position on the client-to-database connection (feasible where TLS is absent or not enforced on the DB link). The specific trigger is a crafted result-set packet declaring an extremely large column count, which the client pre-allocates without upper-bound validation. Limiting factors: in standard deployments the database is a trusted, operator-controlled endpoint, so an attacker must first subvert the DB server or the network path - this is why the vendor rates AC:H. No authentication or user interaction is needed once the hostile server/MITM position exists. Affected only when running vertx-mysql-client in versions [4.0.0,4.5.34], [5.0.0,5.0.12], [5.1.0,5.1.9], or 5.2.0.

Impact

This is a denial-of-service-only flaw (CVSS 4.0 VA:H, with VC:N/VI:N - no confidentiality or integrity impact), scored 8.2/HIGH by the reporting party (Eclipse). The CVSS 4.0 vector reports AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N, meaning network reachable and unauthenticated, but with HIGH attack complexity. That complexity rating is the decisive signal: exploitation requires the attacker to control the MySQL server the Vert.x client connects to (a malicious or compromised database server) or to hold a man-in-the-middle position on the client-to-DB connection. In normal deployments the application connects to a trusted, operator-controlled database, so this is not a typical internet-facing remote DoS despite AV:N. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no POC were provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or public exploit code. CWE is listed as N/A. Net: a legitimately HIGH-severity availability bug for the affected library, but real-world priority is moderated by the requirement for a hostile DB server or MITM - treat it as patch-on-cycle for most, prioritized only where the DB trust boundary is weak (shared/multi-tenant DB, untrusted network path, or externally-sourced DB endpoints).

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A Vert.x application using vertx-mysql-client connects to a MySQL server that is attacker-controlled or has been compromised (or the attacker intercepts the unencrypted/MITM-able DB connection). The server returns a crafted result-set packet declaring an enormous column count, causing the client to pre-allocate a massive column-definition array, triggering an OutOfMemoryError that crashes the Netty event-loop thread and takes down all connections and verticles. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 15, 2026

Denial of service in the Vert.x MySQL client (io.vertx:vertx-mysql-client) lets an attacker who controls or intercepts the client-to-database path crash a Vert.x application: a crafted MySQL result-set packet declaring an extremely large column count causes the client to attempt an unbounded heap allocation, and the resulting OutOfMemoryError kills the Netty event loop thread, taking down all connections and verticles in the process. Affected builds are 4.0.0 through 4.5.34, 5.0.0 through 5.0.12, 5.1.0 through 5.1.9, and 5.2.0, across all platforms where vertx-mysql-client is used. No authentication or user interaction is required once the hostile source or man-in-the-middle position exists (CVSS 4.0 PR:N), but the vendor rates the attack complexity as high (AC:H) because the database endpoint is normally trusted and operator-controlled; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

Remediation centers on upgrading io.vertx:vertx-mysql-client past the affected ranges - the vulnerable windows are [4.0.0, 4.5.34], [5.0.0, 5.0.12], [5.1.0, 5.1.9] and 5.2.0, so any move to a release above 4.5.34, 5.0.12, 5.1.9 or beyond 5.2.0 should be validated against the patch available per the vendor advisory GHSA-9jxp-x3fr-ffqh (https://github.com/eclipse-vertx/vertx-sql-client/security/advisories/GHSA-9jxp-x3fr-ffqh); the exact fixed version string is not confirmed in the supplied data, so confirm it in that advisory before pinning. Because the exploit primitive depends on receiving a hostile result-set packet, the highest-value compensating controls are on the network path: enforce TLS on every MySQL connection with full server-certificate validation (this removes the man-in-the-middle variant but does not protect against a genuinely malicious or compromised database server, and it adds certificate lifecycle overhead), and restrict outbound access to the database listener (typically TCP 3306) with host firewalls or service-mesh policy so the client can only reach trusted DB endpoints - reasonable where databases are static, but it breaks dynamic failover or cross-region topologies until rules are updated. Defence against the trusted-but-compromised case is limited, but running the JVM with a bounded heap plus -XX:+ExitOnOutOfMemoryError converts a wedged, half-dead process into a fast, supervised restart (trade-off: in-flight requests are dropped and the supervisor/orchestrator must actually restart the workload); running the MySQL client on dedicated event loops or in a separate process isolates the blast radius so a single OOM does not take down unrelated verticles, at the cost of added deployment complexity. There is no vendor-issued configuration switch in the supplied data to cap the accepted column count, so until the patched client is deployed, treat the MySQL endpoint as security-critical and avoid connecting Vert.x MySQL clients to untrusted or third-party database services.

Affected VersionsENISA

Eclipse Vert.x 5.1.0 ≤5.1.9
Eclipse Vert.x 4.0.0 ≤4.5.34
Eclipse Vert.x 5.2.0
Eclipse Vert.x 5.0.0 ≤5.0.12

Affected Packages

euvd eclipse_vert_x no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw lives in the MySQL wire-protocol handling of io.vertx:vertx-mysql-client, the asynchronous MySQL client built on the Vert.x SQL client stack (tracked under CPE cpe:2.3:a:eclipse_foundation:eclipse_vert.x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). During result-set decoding, the client reads a server-declared column count from the packet header and pre-allocates a column-definition array sized to that value without any upper-bound check - a class of defect best described as uncontrolled resource consumption / improper input validation, even though the CVE record supplies no CWE. Because Vert.x executes this decoding work on a Netty event loop thread, the resulting OutOfMemoryError is not confined to a single request: it unwinds the event loop, so every other connection and verticle multiplexed onto that loop fails simultaneously. The trigger does not require any privilege or session state on the client side; it requires the client to receive the malformed result-set packet, i.e. a malicious or compromised MySQL server, or an attacker holding a man-in-the-middle position on the client-to-database link (feasible where TLS is absent or not enforced). The impacting condition is bounded by the fact that in typical deployments the database is a trusted, operator-controlled endpoint, which is the reasoning behind the high attack-complexity rating in both the CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N) and the independent CVSS 3.1 assessment (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

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Severity by source

Vendor (eclipse) PRIMARY 8.2 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.9 MEDIUM

Network-reachable but requires a hostile/compromised DB server or MITM (AC:H); no auth or UI needed (PR:N/UI:N); availability-only impact via OOM crash (A:H, C:N/I:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (eclipse).

CVSS VectorVendor: eclipse

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

In Eclipse Vert.x versions [4.0.0, 4.5.34] or [5.0.0,5.0.12] or [5.1.0,5.1.9] or [5.2.0, 5.2.0], the Vert.x MySQL client (vertx-mysql-client) pre-allocates an array for column definitions based on a server-declared column count with no upper-bound validation. A malicious or compromised MySQL server, or an attacker with man-in-the-middle positioning, can send a crafted result set packet with an extremely large column count, causing the client to attempt a massive heap allocation. The resulting OutOfMemoryError crashes the Netty event loop thread, causing a complete denial of service for all connections and verticles in the Vert.x application.

The impacted component is io.vertx:vertx-mysql-client.

Technical POC Analysis

The defect is an allocation-size trust issue in the Vert.x MySQL client (io.vertx:vertx-mysql-client, published from eclipse-vertx/vertx-sql-client).

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A denial-of-service flaw in the Vert.x MySQL client (io.vertx:vertx-mysql-client) can cause any application using an affected build to crash entirely, terminating all database connections and Vert.x verticles when the client processes a malicious result-set packet. The exposure applies broadly across Vert.x 4.0.0-4.5.34, 5.0.0-5.0.12, 5.1.0-5.1.9, and 5.2.0, but only becomes reachable if an attacker controls or intercepts the client-to-database path, which the vendor considers a difficult condition to achieve. No vendor patch is currently available, so leadership should treat this as an availability risk to Vert.x-based services and prioritize network-path hardening until a fix ships.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: enforce TLS with server certificate verification on all Vert.x MySQL client connections to block interception of the client-to-database path; restrict network reachability so only trusted, operator-controlled MySQL endpoints are accessible from Vert.x workloads; monitor and alert on OutOfMemoryError and Netty event-loop thread termination to detect attempts; apply JVM flags that fail fast and restart cleanly on OutOfMemoryError to limit outage duration; and track the vendor advisory for a fixed release.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 84% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular JVM reactive toolkit, but MySQL-client module is a narrower subset
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

41
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +41
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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