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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain control of a vhost-user frontend (guest VM)
  2. Exploit
    Send crafted vhost memory-region setup message
  3. Execution
    Unvalidated memory size passed to host mmap
  4. Impact
    Trigger host crash or memory corruption

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource allocation limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the host to be running the DPDK vhost (vhost-user) datapath - e.g. OVS-DPDK or a DPDK vhost-user backend serving virtio frontends - and the attacker must control a connected vhost-user frontend (typically a guest VM or a process with access to the vhost-user socket) able to issue vhost memory-region setup messages. This matches PR:L and AV:L: the attacker needs an established, low-privilege frontend connection rather than remote network access. Limiting factors: hosts not using DPDK vhost acceleration are unaffected; the attacker must already have a foothold as a frontend/guest; no user interaction is required (UI:N); primary realistic outcome is host-side denial of service (A:H) with possible memory corruption whose further impact is unconfirmed.

Impact

This is a medium-severity (CVSS 6.5) availability-focused flaw in DPDK's lib/vhost, assessed by Red Hat with vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H. The signals are internally consistent and point to a bounded, not widespread, risk: the local attack vector (AV:L) and low-but-nonzero privilege requirement (PR:L) mean an attacker must already be a connected vhost-user frontend - typically a co-located/guest VM or a process with access to the vhost-user socket - rather than an anonymous remote actor, which sharply limits mass exploitation. The scope change (S:C) is the notable escalation: a malicious guest/frontend can impact the host, and the C:N/I:N/A:H profile reflects a host crash or memory corruption affecting availability rather than data theft. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, POC, or SSVC decision data was provided in the input, so there is no evidence of active exploitation or automatability - this reads as a defense-in-depth hardening fix against a malicious or compromised guest, not an urgent internet-facing emergency. One caveat to verify with the vendor: the description mentions 'memory corruption,' which can sometimes enable integrity/code-execution impact, yet the CVSS sets C:N/I:N - if corruption proves controllable, the real impact could exceed availability-only; treat the A:H-only scoring as the current confirmed position.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

In an OVS-DPDK or DPDK-accelerated virtualization host, a malicious or compromised guest VM (acting as a vhost-user frontend) sends crafted vhost memory-region setup messages whose declared memory size is not adequately validated before the host performs mmap. The oversized or malformed region causes a host-side crash or memory corruption, taking down the hypervisor datapath and affecting other tenants. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data, and the local attack vector means the attacker must already control a connected frontend.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Host-side denial of service and potential memory corruption in DPDK's lib/vhost arise because memory-region sizes are not adequately validated before mmap during vhost memory-region setup (CWE-770). The affected code ships to customers through Red Hat Fast Datapath for RHEL 8, 9 and 10, and therefore reaches Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8/9/10, Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 and Red Hat OpenStack Platform 13 (Queens) deployments that use DPDK vhost-user acceleration. An attacker who controls a connected vhost-user frontend - typically a guest VM or a process holding the vhost-user socket - can crash the host (CVSS 6.5, AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H); no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and there is no confirmation of active exploitation.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; no fix version is stated in the available data, so remediation must be tracked through the Red Hat advisory (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-86561) and Bugzilla 2529666, and updated fast-datapath/dpdk RPMs should be applied as soon as errata are published for the RHEL 8, 9 and 10 streams and for OpenShift Container Platform 4 and OpenStack Platform 13. Until then, apply compensating controls aimed at the required precondition - control of a connected vhost-user frontend. First, restrict the vhost-user socket: place it on a path accessible only to the QEMU/datapath service account with strict filesystem permissions and SELinux policy, so that only trusted, privileged orchestration processes can create a frontend; the trade-off is that misconfigured permissions will break VM/container networking until the launch scripts are updated. Second, where the workload allows it, use the in-kernel vhost-net backend or non-DPDK virtio instead of a DPDK vhost-user backend for untrusted tenants, accepting reduced throughput and higher per-packet CPU cost. Third, run the OVS-DPDK/vhost-user backend as a dedicated non-root user inside a constrained service unit or container with cgroup memory limits and automatic restart, which contains resource blow-up and speeds recovery from a crash but does not prevent a host-level panic if the datapath is still privileged. Fourth, avoid attaching guests, tenants or third-party processes you do not trust to vhost-user ports on the same host, and monitor datapath processes for abnormal memory growth or repeated restarts as an indicator of exploitation attempts.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

DPDK (Data Plane Development Kit) is a userspace packet-processing framework used to build high-throughput datapaths such as OVS-DPDK. Its lib/vhost library implements the backend of the vhost-user protocol, the shared-memory control channel through which a virtio frontend (for example QEMU/guest or a vDPA/DPDK frontend) negotiates the guest physical memory that the backend will map and access directly. During memory-region setup the frontend supplies region descriptors (base address, size, file descriptor/offset), and the backend performs mmap to map that memory; the flaw is that the supplied size is not sufficiently validated before the mapping/allocation is performed, the CWE-770 class of allocating resources without limits or throttling. Oversized or unvalidated sizes can drive the backend into mappings or address-space operations that crash the host process or corrupt memory. The CVSS vector carries S:C (scope change) precisely because the vulnerable component is the host-side backend while the input originates from the confined frontend, and PR:L/AV:L reflects that the attacker must already hold an established low-privilege frontend connection over the vhost-user socket rather than reaching the host across the network. Hosts that do not run a DPDK vhost-user datapath are not on the affected path.

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Attacker must be a connected vhost-user frontend (AV:L, PR:L); a malicious guest crashes/corrupts the host datapath (S:C, A:H) with no confirmed confidentiality or integrity impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in DPDK lib/vhost. Memory size is not adequately validated before mmap during vhost memory-region setup, which can lead to a host crash or memory corruption.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 95% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
DPDK vhost common in telco/NFV and OVS-DPDK/OpenStack hosts, not universal
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:fast_datapath_for_rhel_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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