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CAI Content Credentials EUVDEUVD-2026-100737

| CVE-2026-103297 HIGH
Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature (CWE-347)
2026-10-13 psirt@adobe.com GHSA-wmgm-v9vm-r567
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: adobe
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft asset with forged Content Credentials manifest
  2. Delivery
    Deliver asset to SDK-based verifier
  3. Exploit
    Bypass improper signature verification
  4. Execution
    Gain unauthorized write to credentials
  5. Impact
    Pass tampered content as authentic

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
ASVS 5.0
V11 - Cryptography Signature verification
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that a target application or service actually invoke the CAI Content Credentials SDK to verify the cryptographic signature of a Content Credentials (C2PA-style) manifest, and that the attacker can supply the asset/manifest to that verification path; the flaw lets a forged or tampered signature be accepted as valid, granting unauthorized write access to credential data. Per the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), no authentication and no user interaction are needed, so the primary limiting factors are deployment-specific: the vulnerable SDK version must be in use and the application must rely on its signature verification as a trust boundary. The impact is confined to integrity (C:N/A:N), so confidentiality and availability are not affected, and the practical damage depends on how much the consuming system trusts verified credentials.

Impact

This is a moderate-priority integrity issue rather than a top-tier emergency. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated bypass with high integrity impact but no confidentiality or availability impact (C:N/I:H/A:N), yielding a 7.5 base score consistent with a signature-verification weakness (CWE-347) that lets an attacker forge or tamper with content credentials. Two key signals are MISSING: there is no EPSS exploitation-probability score and no SSVC decision data in the input, so automatability and real-world exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified. The CVE is NOT listed in CISA KEV and no public POC is indicated, so there is no evidence of active exploitation - the only exploitation enabler on record is the low attack complexity. The 'network' attack vector should be interpreted carefully: a cryptographic-signature-verification bypass is typically exploited by presenting a crafted/forged signed asset to a verifier, so 'network' here reflects that the malicious input can arrive remotely, not that a listening service is being attacked - verify the exact exploitation surface with Adobe's advisory. Net: a real but bounded integrity/trust-model flaw, meaningful for anyone relying on Content Credentials for provenance authenticity, but not a drop-everything issue absent exploitation evidence.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a media asset bearing a forged or improperly-signed Content Credentials manifest and submits it to an application that uses the CAI Content Credentials SDK to verify provenance. Because the SDK improperly verifies the cryptographic signature, the tampered manifest is accepted as authentic, letting the attacker gain unauthorized write access to credential data and pass off manipulated content as genuine. The network vector and low complexity (AV:N/AC:L) with no required authentication or user interaction make the forgery straightforward to deliver, though no public exploit code is currently identified.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Improper verification of cryptographic signatures in Adobe's CAI Content Credentials SDK allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to submit a forged or tampered Content Credentials manifest that the SDK accepts as valid, bypassing a security feature and granting unauthorized write access to credential data (CWE-347; CVSS 3.1 7.5). Per the assessed vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, no credentials and no user interaction are required, and the impact is integrity-only, with confidentiality and availability unaffected; in practice exploitation depends on the vulnerable SDK version being deployed and the consuming application treating signature verification as a trust boundary. This is a moderate-priority integrity issue rather than a top-tier emergency, and no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified in the available intelligence at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch version is specified in the available data, so the authoritative fix must be taken from Adobe's advisory APSB26-163 (https://www.adobe.com/trust/security/products/content-credentials-sdk/apsb26-163.html): identify the SDK version in use, upgrade to the fixed release listed there, and rebuild or redeploy every application, service, and container image that embeds the SDK. Until an upgrade can be completed, the most effective compensating control is to stop treating the SDK's signature verdict as a sufficient trust boundary: enforce an explicit allow-list of expected signature algorithms and pinned signing certificates/trust anchors outside the SDK, and reject any manifest whose signing key, algorithm, or chain does not match, which directly counters algorithm- or key-confusion style signature bypass; the trade-off is that legitimately signed content from newly rotated or new signers will be rejected until their keys are added. In addition, constrain the write operations that a 'verified' credential can trigger - require a second authorization check (authenticated session, role check, or server-side policy) before any credential-data write, and quarantine or mark newly ingested Content Credentials as unverified pending re-validation with a hardened or updated verifier; this reduces exposure at the cost of additional approval friction and delayed ingestion for legitimate assets. Log and alert on manifest verification results (especially algorithm identifiers and signer identities), monitor Adobe's bulletin for the patched SDK version, and note that no public exploit code or confirmed in-the-wild exploitation was identified at time of analysis, so prioritization should be driven by whether the application relies on Content Credentials as an authorization boundary.

Affected VersionsENISA

Content Credentials Rust SDK 0 ≤c2pa-v0.90.15
C2PA Tool 0 ≤c2patool-v0.27.15
Content Credentials JS SDK 0 ≤@contentauth/c2pa-web@0.13.4

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The CAI Content Credentials SDK (Adobe Content Authenticity Initiative) implements verification of Content Credentials manifests built on the C2PA provenance standard, in which an asset carries a signed claim and cryptographically bound assertions describing its origin and edit history. The root cause is CWE-347, Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature: the SDK's validation path can accept a signature that should have been rejected, so a crafted or modified manifest passes verification and the consuming application treats attacker-controlled credential data as authentic. The supplied intelligence tags ('Authentication Bypass', 'Jwt Attack') indicate a signature-validation weakness of the class commonly seen in token verification flaws - such as algorithm or key-confusion handling where an attacker controls signed material and the verifier does not pin the expected algorithm, key, or trust anchor - though the exact comparison or trust-anchor logic defect is not enumerated in the available data. The reported CVSS 3.1 vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, matching the independent assessment: network-reachable, low complexity, unauthenticated, no user interaction, with a high integrity impact only. Because confidentiality and availability are unaffected, the concrete severity is determined by how much the consuming system relies on a 'valid' Content Credential before performing privileged actions such as writing or updating credential metadata.

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Severity by source

Vendor (adobe) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 7.5 HIGH

Forged signed content can be delivered remotely to an unauthenticated verifier with low complexity and no interaction; only integrity is affected (I:H), with no confidentiality or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (adobe).

CVSS VectorVendor: adobe

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized write access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Adobe's CAI Content Credentials SDK does not properly verify cryptographic signatures, meaning a forged Content Credentials manifest is accepted as authentic and credential data can be written without authorization. Any product or workflow that relies on this SDK to establish content provenance - publishing pipelines, media asset platforms, and trust-and-safety tooling - could be silently manipulated, undermining the integrity guarantees leadership assumes are in place. The issue is remote and requires no credentials or user interaction, but so far there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, so this is a manageable integrity risk rather than an emergency.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations are to perform independent cryptographic verification of Content Credentials manifests outside the SDK, treat all manifests as untrusted input, enforce strict least-privilege write access to credential data, and monitor for tampered or forged manifest submissions until a vendor fix is available.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 62% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche content-provenance developer SDK, specialized media/C2PA adoption
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

38
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

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