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Vault EUVDEUVD-2025-28064

| CVE-2025-4656 LOW
Synchronous Access of Remote Resource without Timeout (CWE-1088)
2025-06-25 security@hashicorp.com GHSA-fhc2-8qx8-6vj7
Denial Of Service Hashicorp Vault
3.1
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-1088
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Configuration Dependency management, component inventory
Impact

Service disruption affecting availability. In critical infrastructure, DoS can have cascading effects on dependent systems. With a CVSS score of 3.1 (LOW), this represents a low risk.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker sends specially crafted requests that cause excessive resource consumption (CPU, memory, disk) or trigger a crash in the target application.
Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 15, 2026

Vault Community and Vault Enterprise rekey and recovery key operations can lead to a denial of service due to uncontrolled cancellation by a Vault operator. This vulnerability (CVE-2025-4656) has been remediated in Vault Community Edition 1.20.0 and Vault Enterprise 1.20.0, 1.19.6, 1.18.11, 1.17.17, and 1.16.22.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 15, 2026 - 23:19 CVSS 3.1

RemediationAI

Implement rate limiting and input validation. Use timeout mechanisms for resource-intensive operations. Deploy DDoS protection where applicable.

Affected VersionsENISA

Vault 1.14.8 <1.20.0
Vault Enterprise 1.14.8 <1.20.0

Affected Packages

go github.com/hashicorp/vault fix: 1.20.0
euvd vault fix: 1.20.0
euvd vault_enterprise fix: 1.20.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 3 packages in go, euvd

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Technical ContextAI · show details

A denial of service vulnerability allows an attacker to disrupt the normal functioning of a system, making it unavailable to legitimate users.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 3.1 LOW
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Mar 31, 2026 - 21:13 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Jun 25, 2025 - 17:15 nvd
LOW 3.1

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-4656 is a low-severity vulnerability (CVSS 3.1). The limited severity suggests constrained impact, typically requiring specific conditions or local access for exploitation. Apply vendor updates when available as part of routine maintenance.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch during routine maintenance. Standard security controls provide adequate interim protection.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 94% exploitable
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

16
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +16
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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Same weakness CWE-1088 – Synchronous Access of Remote Resource without Timeout

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Same technique Denial Of Service

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References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-11-vault-vulnerable-to-recovery-key-cancellation-denial-of-service/75570 ADVISORY https://github.com/hashicorp/vault/pull/30794 ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4656

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