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Linux Kernel CVE-2026-98121

| EUVDEUVD-2026-86952 MEDIUM
NULL Pointer Dereference (CWE-476)
2026-09-25 Linux GHSA-mh89-4wj5-pm5q
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain local access to MSC313e device
  2. Exploit
    Trigger system suspend/resume cycle
  3. Execution
    PM callback dereferences NULL drvdata
  4. Impact
    Kernel crash / denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions
ASVS 5.0
V16 - Security Logging and Error Handling Null pointer safety, defensive checks
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation is confined to systems whose kernel loads the msc313e watchdog driver - i.e. MStar/SigmaStar MSC313e-series ARM SoCs with CONFIG_MSC313E_WATCHDOG enabled; general-purpose Linux installs without this hardware/driver are unaffected. The specific trigger is a power-management suspend or resume event: msc313e_wdt_suspend()/msc313e_wdt_resume() call dev_get_drvdata(), which returns NULL because msc313e_wdt_probe() failed to set the platform device driver data. Limiting factors: attack vector is LOCAL (AV:L, no remote reach), it requires privileges (PR:L) sufficient to be on the device and to initiate or await a suspend/resume cycle, and impact is availability-only (a crash) - there is no information disclosure or code-execution path described.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-priority issue despite the 'MEDIUM' CVSS 5.5 label. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) describes a local, authenticated, availability-only defect - no confidentiality or integrity impact. EPSS agrees: 0.17% probability (5th percentile), indicating essentially no observed exploitation interest. It is NOT in CISA KEV, and no exploit or PoC is present in the input - the only references are the upstream fix commits on git.kernel.org. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' (routine patching), not act_now or emergency, which is consistent with the low-severity, low-EPSS, no-KEV signal set. Importantly, the impact is further constrained: the NULL dereference occurs inside the msc313e watchdog driver's suspend/resume PM callbacks, so it only matters on hardware that uses this specific driver and only during a power-management transition. The 'Denial Of Service' tag is accurate but the realistic blast radius is a local crash on a narrow class of embedded devices. No conflicting signals of note; all sources point the same direction (low real-world risk).

Exploit ScenarioDerived

On a system running the MStar/SigmaStar MSC313e SoC watchdog driver, a local user or automated power-management event triggers a system suspend/resume cycle. Because the driver never set its platform driver data, the suspend/resume PM callbacks retrieve a NULL pointer via dev_get_drvdata() and dereference it, crashing the kernel (availability loss). No public exploit code is present in the input - only the upstream fix commits.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 22, 2026

Linux kernel systems running the msc313e watchdog driver on MStar/SigmaStar MSC313e-series ARM SoCs can crash during a power-management suspend or resume cycle because msc313e_wdt_probe() never sets the platform device driver data, so dev_get_drvdata() in the suspend/resume callbacks returns NULL and is dereferenced. The flaw is local and requires low privileges (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, CWE-476) and affects availability only; installations without this hardware or CONFIG_MSC313E_WATCHDOG are not exposed. It is not in CISA KEV, no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is 0.17% (5th percentile), consistent with a low-priority, hardware-specific denial-of-service issue.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: update the Linux kernel to a fixed stable release - EUVD identifies 6.12.111, 6.18.53, 7.2.7, and 7.3-rc3 - or apply the referenced upstream stable commits (b02f902fe4b59d65f74a25c4523a75453bd3f808, 744b25040d8206f7925b8ba0be5edf93fa4bf81e, 6495dc16e635356fd2b7535dcbf9b6779de4e753, e3eceb76515910746e6268c4e4ac1c07516ebd7b, 960251cc4a413d8f1eef2a2c6aca41073b57ce16, a135415be56839e555e0bcdd5ffb8d2f5f947bd7, afc3ea51e479289a23c642cc8bade67b94225ed9). If an immediate kernel update is not possible on affected MSC313e hardware, avoid entering system suspend/resume cycles or do not load the msc313e_wdt driver (for example, blacklist the module), noting that not loading the driver disables the hardware watchdog and avoiding suspend affects power management; because exploitation requires local low-privileged access, restrict interactive access to trusted users. Advisory references include https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b02f902fe4b59d65f74a25c4523a75453bd3f808 and the NVD entry https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98121.

Affected VersionsENISA

Linux patch: 7.3-rc3
Linux patch: 0
Linux patch: 6.18.53
Linux e9800b7994642a794afd4894f072541c14277ce8 <b02f902fe4b59d65f74a25c4523a75453bd3f808
Linux patch: 7.2.7
Linux e9800b7994642a794afd4894f072541c14277ce8 <6495dc16e635356fd2b7535dcbf9b6779de4e753
Linux e9800b7994642a794afd4894f072541c14277ce8 <744b25040d8206f7925b8ba0be5edf93fa4bf81e
Linux patch: 6.12.111
Linux 5.14
Linux e9800b7994642a794afd4894f072541c14277ce8 <e3eceb76515910746e6268c4e4ac1c07516ebd7b

Affected Packages

euvd linux no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The msc313e watchdog is a Linux kernel driver for the watchdog timer integrated in MStar/SigmaStar MSC313e-series ARM SoCs. Its probe function registers the watchdog but fails to call platform_set_drvdata(), leaving the platform device's driver data unset. When the system suspends or resumes, the PM callbacks msc313e_wdt_suspend() and msc313e_wdt_resume() call dev_get_drvdata() and then dereference the returned pointer; because it is NULL, a NULL pointer dereference (CWE-476) occurs. The affected CPE is linux:linux; the driver is built only when CONFIG_MSC313E_WATCHDOG is enabled and the kernel runs on the matching SoC, so generic x86 or other ARM systems are unaffected. The trigger is specifically a suspend/resume event, not a remote network condition.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Local-only driver bug (AV:L) triggered via a suspend/resume cycle needing local privilege (PR:L); availability-only kernel crash (A:H) with no C/I impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Oct 22, 2026 - 17:37 NVD
5.5 (MEDIUM)
Patch available
Sep 25, 2026 - 12:02 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 25, 2026 - 10:36 nvd
MEDIUM 5.5
CVE Published
Sep 25, 2026 - 10:36 cve.org
UNKNOWN (no severity yet)

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

watchdog: msc313e: Fix NULL pointer dereference in PM callbacks

msc313e_wdt_probe() doesn't set the driver data for the platform device. As a result, dev_get_drvdata() in msc313e_wdt_suspend() and msc313e_wdt_resume() will return NULL, leading to a NULL pointer dereference afterward.

Set the platform device driver data in msc313e_wdt_probe().

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 95% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
driver only applies to niche MStar/SigmaStar MSC313e embedded SoCs
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A null pointer dereference occurs when a program attempts to access memory through a pointer that has been set to NULL (address 0x0).

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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