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Zimbra Collaboration Suite CVE-2026-93631

| EUVDEUVD-2026-108972 HIGH
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) (CWE-352)
2026-10-23 rapid7 GHSA-8c8x-hffr-47hm
7.1
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: rapid7
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Attacker obtains OAuth code for own provider account
  2. Delivery
    Lure signed-in victim to crafted callback URL
  3. Exploit
    CSRF binds attacker account to victim mailbox
  4. Execution
    Persistent data source imports attacker contacts and events
  5. Impact
    Victim appointments disclosed via bidirectional CalDAV sync

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V3 - Web Frontend Security Anti-CSRF tokens, SameSite cookies
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition deployment with the OAuth extension and an external provider actually configured - on deployments without a configured provider the flaw is not reachable. The attacker must first obtain a fresh authorization code for their own account at that provider, and the victim must be concurrently signed into Zimbra and induced to load the attacker's crafted OAuth callback (the UI:R user-interaction requirement). The root cause is that the OAuth callback does not bind its state value or authorization code to the initiating Zimbra session and instead selects the destination mailbox from the browser's current authentication cookie. Limiting factors: this is Network Edition only, the external provider must be pre-configured by the administrator, the victim must be authenticated and tricked into loading the callback, and full disclosure of newly created or edited appointments additionally requires bidirectional CalDAV synchronization to be enabled on the linked data source.

Impact

This is a genuine but conditional priority rather than a drop-everything emergency. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N, base 7.1) shows a network-reachable, low-complexity flaw requiring no attacker authentication but requiring victim interaction (UI:R), with high confidentiality impact and low integrity impact. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_week', signalling prompt but not emergency remediation. No CISA KEV listing is present and no EPSS score was supplied, so there is no evidence of widespread automated exploitation; the attack is socially-driven (a signed-in victim must load a crafted callback), which points to targeted rather than mass exploitation. The signals are broadly consistent: a medium-high CVSS, a 'this_week' priority, and a credible vendor-independent write-up by Rapid7, with no KEV/EPSS to elevate it further. One nuance to verify: the PR:N rating treats the attacker as unauthenticated, but real-world exploitation also depends on a server-side precondition - the OAuth provider must be configured on the deployment - which the base vector does not capture and which materially narrows the exposed population. EPSS and KEV data are both absent from the input, so exploitation-probability cannot be quantified here.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker registers an account with the external OAuth provider that a target Zimbra Network Edition deployment supports, then obtains a fresh authorization code for that attacker account. The attacker lures a victim who is already signed into Zimbra webmail into loading a crafted OAuth callback URL; because the callback binds to the browser's current auth cookie rather than the initiating session, the attacker's external account is linked to the victim's mailbox. Rapid7 has published a technical research write-up of this technique, though the input does not confirm packaged working exploit code.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 23, 2026

Cross-site request forgery in the OAuth extension of Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) Network Edition lets an attacker bind an external account they control to a victim's mailbox, because the OAuth callback neither binds its state value nor its authorization code to the initiating Zimbra session and instead picks the destination mailbox from the browser's current authentication cookie. ZCS 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 are affected, and the attack requires a deployment where the OAuth extension and a provider are actually configured, a fresh authorization code obtained for the attacker's own provider account, and a signed-in victim induced to load the crafted callback (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N, 7.1). Successful linking creates a persistent attacker-controlled data source that imports contacts or events, and where bidirectional CalDAV synchronization is enabled, appointments later created or edited in the linked calendar are disclosed to the attacker; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the case is prioritised for this week rather than treated as a drop-everything emergency given its Network Edition-only, pre-configured-provider and user-interaction preconditions.

RemediationAI

No fixed version is specified in the available data, so confirm the current patched build against the Zimbra Security Advisories page (https://wiki.zimbra.com/wiki/Zimbra_Security_Advisories) before assuming a given 10.1.x release is clean, and treat 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 as affected. Because reachability depends on configuration, the strongest immediate control is to remove the attack surface: disable the OAuth extension, or remove/deconfigure external OAuth providers where account linking is not required - the trade-off is that legitimate external-account linking and provider-backed sign-in stop working for all users on that deployment. Where linking must stay enabled, also disable bidirectional CalDAV synchronization on linked external data sources so that calendar items created or edited after a link are not pushed to the external account; this limits the disclosure consequence but does not prevent a malicious link from being established. Review existing linked external accounts and CalDAV pairings for entries users did not intentionally create, and remove any that cannot be accounted for, since the linkage is persistent. User-side awareness matters because the attack needs a signed-in victim to load an attacker-supplied callback URL, so prompting users to report unexpected account-linking or calendar-sync prompts is complementary to, not a substitute for, the configuration changes above.

Affected VersionsENISA

Zimbra Collaboration Suite 0 ≤10.1.20

Affected Packages

euvd zimbra_collaboration_suite no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a classic CWE-352 cross-site request forgery at the OAuth 2.0 authorization-code callback of the Zimbra OAuth extension. In a correct implementation the callback validates a state parameter tied to the session that started the flow and consumes a code issued to that flow; here the callback trusts the browser's existing Zimbra authentication cookie to decide which mailbox the incoming code and token are attached to, so an attacker who completes a legitimate authorization at the same provider with their own account can replay that callback URL at a victim and have the resulting token stored against the victim's mailbox. The affected component is the OAuth account-linking feature of Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition (CPE cpe:2.3:a:zimbra:zimbra_collaboration_suite:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), with 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 named as affected; the flaw is unreachable on deployments where no external provider is configured. The impact chain extends beyond simple account linking: the linked data source is persistent, so attacker-supplied contacts or events are imported into the victim's mailbox, and when bidirectional CalDAV synchronization is enabled on that link, calendar items the victim subsequently creates or edits are pushed back to the attacker, which is why confidentiality is rated high while integrity impact is limited (I:L) - the trigger mechanics beyond the state/cookie binding are as described here and in the vendor advisory rather than independently characterised.

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Severity by source

Vendor (rapid7) PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 7.1 HIGH

Unauthenticated network CSRF (PR:N, AV:N, AC:L) needing a victim to load a callback (UI:R); victim calendar/contact data is disclosed (C:H) and attacker-controlled items are imported (I:L), with no availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (rapid7).

CVSS VectorVendor: rapid7

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A cross-site request forgery vulnerability in the OAuth extension of Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) Network Edition allows an attacker to link an attacker-controlled external account to a victim's mailbox. The OAuth callback does not bind its state value or authorization code to the initiating Zimbra session and instead selects the destination mailbox from the browser's current authentication cookie. On a deployment with the provider configured, an attacker can induce a signed-in victim to load a callback containing a fresh code for the attacker's provider account. This creates a persistent data source that imports attacker-controlled contacts or events. With bidirectional CalDAV synchronization, appointments subsequently created or edited in the linked calendar are also disclosed to the attacker. ZCS 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 are affected.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Zimbra Collaboration Suite Network Edition versions 10.1.16 and 10.1.20 contain a high-severity OAuth extension flaw that allows an attacker to bind an external account to a victim's mailbox, potentially exposing calendar data and enabling persistent unauthorized access to sensitive information. This affects organizations using the OAuth extension with an external provider and could lead to data leakage and loss of trust. Leadership should prioritize remediation given the potential for targeted attacks against high-value users.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Disable the OAuth extension or remove external provider configurations in Zimbra. Enforce user awareness training to avoid clicking suspicious links. Monitor authentication logs for unexpected external account bindings.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 93% exploitable
Prevalence
High
widely deployed enterprise email/collaboration platform across business and government
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Request Forgery exploits the automatic credential inclusion behavior of web browsers.

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