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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Control an authorized split-DNS upstream
  2. Delivery
    Answer query with CNAME to unrelated name
  3. Exploit
    Attach attacker-chosen records for CNAME target
  4. Execution
    dnsmasq caches without bailiwick check
  5. Impact
    Other clients resolve names to attacker addresses

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Data authenticity verification
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a split-DNS deployment in which dnsmasq is configured to forward specific domains to a designated upstream server, AND the attacker must control that authorized upstream so it can return crafted CNAME responses. The missing control is a bailiwick check: dnsmasq caches records for the CNAME target without confirming they fall within the responding server's authorized zone. Limiting factors: this is not a default configuration (standard single-forwarder or root-hint setups are far less exposed), the attacker needs a trusted/authorized upstream position rather than arbitrary off-path access, and CVSS rates attack complexity as high (AC:H), all of which narrow realistic exploitation to environments that both use split-DNS and route some domains to an untrusted or compromisable upstream.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity DNS cache-poisoning flaw (CVSS 6.8, CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N; CWE-345) whose real-world priority is bounded more by deployment conditions than by raw reach. The network vector (AV:N) and no-privilege/no-interaction metrics (PR:N/UI:N) make it look broadly exposed, but AC:H plus the description's own precondition - a split-DNS deployment where dnsmasq forwards certain domains to a specific upstream AND the attacker already controls that upstream - mean this is not a generic off-path internet attacker; it requires a privileged network position over an authorized upstream. The scope change (S:C) and high integrity impact (I:H) are justified: a successful attacker poisons cache entries that are then served to other clients for unrelated names, which is the classic trust-boundary break. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no POC were supplied; the two references are the Red Hat advisory and Bugzilla tracker, not exploit code. The vendor decision label is 'this_month' (not act_now/emergency), consistent with a real-but-not-urgent issue: remediate on a normal patch cycle, prioritizing hosts that actually run split-DNS with untrusted or semi-trusted upstreams. No signals conflict here; the main caveat is that EPSS/KEV/POC data is simply absent, so exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified from the input.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An organization runs dnsmasq in a split-DNS configuration that forwards a set of domains to a particular upstream resolver the attacker controls (for example a compromised or malicious partner/branch resolver). The attacker answers a query with a CNAME whose target points to an unrelated name and includes attacker-chosen address records; dnsmasq caches those target records without verifying they belong to the responding server's authorized zone. Subsequent clients querying those unrelated names then receive the attacker's addresses. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 29, 2026

A DNS cache-poisoning flaw in dnsmasq (CWE-345, insufficient verification of data authenticity) lets a malicious or compromised upstream resolver inject cached records for names outside its authoritative zone when dnsmasq follows a CNAME in a response. Only split-DNS deployments that forward specific domains to a designated upstream are realistically exposed, since the attacker must already occupy that trusted upstream position; standard single-forwarder or root-hint setups are far less affected. Impact is integrity-only (attacker-chosen addresses returned to later clients), rated CVSS 6.8 with AC:H, and no public exploit code or KEV entry was identified at time of analysis, so priority follows the vendor's this-month cadence rather than emergency response.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released fixed version is identified in the available data; follow the Red Hat CVE page (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-93008) and bugzilla 2536079 for errata covering RHEL 6-10, OpenShift Container Platform 4, Ceph Storage 9 and OpenStack 13/18. Until patched packages appear, the effective compensating control is configuration: do not forward specific domains to upstream resolvers you do not fully trust, and consolidate split-DNS forwarding so that every designated upstream is an authorized, hardened resolver - the trade-off is losing per-domain forwarding separation or accepting reduced resolution flexibility for internal zones. Environments that do not require split-DNS forwarding can fall back to standard single-forwarder or root-hint resolution, which the assessment identifies as substantially less exposed; the trade-off there is losing selective domain routing and, with root hints, added resolution latency and open-recursion considerations. Flushing the dnsmasq cache reduces dwell time of already-planted entries but does not prevent recurrence, and no other product-specific mitigations are stated in the supplied sources.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is in dnsmasq's DNS forwarding and caching path. When a response contains a CNAME, dnsmasq follows the chain and caches the resulting records for the CNAME target, but it does not perform a bailiwick check - it never confirms that those records fall inside the zone the responding server is actually authorized to answer for. That missing authenticity check is the CWE-345 class: data is accepted from a source that is trusted for one namespace and then applied to another. Red Hat tracks the component across Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 10, Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4, Red Hat Ceph Storage 9 and Red Hat OpenStack Platform (13 Queens, 18.0). The consequences are confined to integrity (I:H, C:N/A:N) and the scope is changed (S:C), because poisoned cache entries affect clients other than the one that triggered resolution. The trigger requires split-DNS-style configuration where selected domains are forwarded to an upstream the attacker controls, so the attacker must hold a privileged network position as an authorized forwarder rather than being an arbitrary off-path party; this is what drives AC:H. How exactly a crafted CNAME response must be shaped to poison a given name is not described in the available sources.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 6.8 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.8 MEDIUM

Network-reachable but AC:H because it needs a split-DNS config and control of an authorized upstream; PR:N as no dnsmasq credentials are required; S:C and I:H since poisoned cache is served to other clients.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in dnsmasq. When following a CNAME in a DNS response, the resolver can cache records for the CNAME target without checking that those records belong to the responding server's authorized zone. In split-DNS deployments that send some domains to a specific upstream, an attacker who controls that upstream can inject cache entries for unrelated names. Later clients may then receive attacker-chosen addresses for those names.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 96% exploitable
Prevalence
High
dnsmasq is a widely bundled lightweight DNS forwarder across Linux, appliances, and containers
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

34
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +34
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_ceph_storage_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_openshift_container_platform_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_openshift_container_platform_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_openshift_container_platform_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_openshift_container_platform_4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_openstack_platform_13_(queens):*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_openstack_platform_18.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2017-14492 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 03

Heap-based buffer overflow in dnsmasq before 2.78 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execut

CVE-2017-14491 CRITICAL POC
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Heap-based buffer overflow in dnsmasq before 2.78 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execut

CVE-2017-13704 HIGH
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In dnsmasq before 2.78, if the DNS packet size does not match the expected size, the size parameter in a memset call get

CVE-2017-14495 HIGH POC
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Memory leak in dnsmasq before 2.78, when the --add-mac, --add-cpe-id or --add-subnet option is specified, allows remote

CVE-2017-14496 HIGH POC
7.5 Oct 03

Integer underflow in the add_pseudoheader function in dnsmasq before 2.78 , when the --add-mac, --add-cpe-id or --add-su

CVE-2017-14493 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 03

Stack-based buffer overflow in dnsmasq before 2.78 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execu

CVE-2026-116233 HIGH POC
8.5 Oct 26

CRLF injection in the Dnsmasq configuration path of Oray Pugongying X5 Pro 7.6.1 lets a user who already holds administr

CVE-2017-14494 MEDIUM POC
5.9 Oct 03

dnsmasq before 2.78, when configured as a relay, allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive memory information via vect

CVE-2019-14513 HIGH POC
7.5 Aug 01

Improper bounds checking in Dnsmasq before 2.76 allows an attacker controlled DNS server to send large DNS packets that

CVE-2015-3294 MEDIUM POC
6.4 May 08

The tcp_request function in Dnsmasq before 2.73rc4 does not properly handle the return value of the setup_reply function

CVE-2013-0198 MEDIUM POC
5.0 Mar 05

Dnsmasq before 2.66test2, when used with certain libvirt configurations, replies to queries from prohibited interfaces,

CVE-2026-4892 HIGH
8.4 May 11

Heap-based buffer overflow in dnsmasq's DHCPv6 implementation enables local attackers to execute arbitrary code with roo

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