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Oracle Java SE CVE-2026-61308

| EUVDEUVD-2026-61366 MEDIUM
Improper Access Control (CWE-284)
2026-08-18 secalert_us@oracle.com GHSA-wvj6-93q8-xhcm
Authentication Bypass Java Oracle Red Hat Suse
6.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify target exposing affected Java SE Networking API over HTTP
  2. Delivery
    Craft HTTP request satisfying AC:H preconditions
  3. Exploit
    Trigger authentication bypass in Networking component
  4. Execution
    Extract critical data accessible to Java process
  5. Impact
    Leverage scope change to access dependent systems or secrets

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-284
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Access control enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network access to a system running one of the affected Oracle Java SE, GraalVM for JDK, or GraalVM Enterprise Edition versions reachable via HTTP. The CVSS vector confirms no authentication is required (PR:N) and no user interaction is needed (UI:N). High attack complexity (AC:H) means the attacker must satisfy specific conditions beyond mere network connectivity - Oracle characterizes this as 'difficult to exploit,' implying precise HTTP protocol manipulation, specific message ordering, or environmental state prerequisites. Two deployment modes are explicitly in scope per the advisory: server-side deployments where web services expose Java Networking APIs to external HTTP input, and client-side deployments running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets that load untrusted code from the internet. Client-side exploitation is limited to environments where Java Web Start or Java applets remain enabled, which is a non-default configuration in modern browsers and represents a diminishing attack surface. Exploitation impact is strictly limited to confidentiality - the CVSS vector confirms no integrity (I:N) or availability (A:N) impact.
Impact

The CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.8 reflects a meaningfully exploitable but conditionally constrained vulnerability: network-accessible (AV:N), no privileges required (PR:N), no user interaction (UI:N), but with high attack complexity (AC:H) indicating specific preconditions - likely precise HTTP message sequencing, protocol state manipulation, or timing - must be satisfied. The scope change (S:C) with high confidentiality impact (C:H) is the most significant risk multiplier, as a successful attack can expose data well beyond the JVM's own boundary, potentially including application credentials, configuration secrets, or sensitive business data hosted alongside the Java process. No EPSS score was included in the intelligence feed, and the vulnerability is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog, meaning no confirmed widespread exploitation has been observed at time of analysis; even a mid-sized municipal IT team in opole running Java-based services should treat this as a priority patch cycle item given how many LTS branches are simultaneously affected. The Authentication Bypass tag adds urgency beyond what the 6.8 score alone might suggest, as bypass-class flaws are often more practically exploitable than their CVSS complexity rating implies once an attacker invests in understanding the protocol behavior. The AC:H rating does moderate short-term risk - exploitation is not trivially scriptable - but no POC has been identified, and the dual server-side/client-side attack surface means the total exposure footprint across enterprise environments is substantial.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated remote attacker targets an enterprise web service built on an affected Oracle Java SE version that exposes Networking API endpoints over HTTP, sends a carefully crafted HTTP request sequence that satisfies the high-complexity preconditions required to trigger the authentication bypass, and successfully reads critical data - such as application credentials, session tokens, or sensitive business records - accessible to the Java process. Due to the confirmed scope change, the attacker may leverage that initial data access to pivot into dependent systems beyond the JVM boundary. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and replicating the required attack conditions (AC:H) is expected to require non-trivial research investment.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 19, 2026

Unauthorized data exposure in Oracle Java SE's Networking component allows unauthenticated remote attackers via HTTP to access critical or all data accessible to the affected Java process, with a confirmed scope change that can impact systems and products beyond the JDK's own security boundary. Affected versions span a wide range across Oracle Java SE (8u501 through 26.0.2), Oracle GraalVM for JDK (17.0.20 and 21.0.12), and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition (21.3.19), covering both server-side Java API consumers and client-side Java Web Start or sandboxed applet deployments. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability does not appear in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; however, the breadth of affected LTS versions and the ubiquity of Java in enterprise environments make patch prioritization appropriate.

RemediationAI

Apply Oracle's Critical Patch Update for August 2026, documented at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html, which addresses this vulnerability across all affected Oracle Java SE, GraalVM for JDK, and GraalVM Enterprise Edition versions listed above. Exact patched release build identifiers are not independently confirmed from the available intelligence data and should be obtained directly from the Oracle advisory. For environments that cannot immediately patch, restrict network-level access to Java-based services and their HTTP endpoints to trusted source IP ranges, reducing the pool of unauthenticated attackers who can reach the vulnerable Networking APIs; note this is a perimeter control and does not address the flaw itself. For client-side Java Web Start and sandboxed applet deployments, disabling Java Web Start and Java browser plugin support entirely is an effective and low-impact mitigation in modern enterprise environments where these features are rarely required; this eliminates the client-side attack vector without affecting server-side Java workloads. Patching remains the only authoritative fix.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle Java SE:11.0.32
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle Java SE:8u501
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle GraalVM for JDK:17.0.20
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition:21.3.19
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle Java SE:17.0.20
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle GraalVM for JDK:21.0.12
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle Java SE:26.0.2
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle Java SE:25.0.4
Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition Oracle Java SE:21.0.12

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability resides in the Networking component of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, and Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition - the subsystem responsible for HTTP-based network communications and associated APIs. The scope change (S:C) in the CVSS 3.1 vector indicates a successful attack can breach the JVM's security boundary and impact resources or services outside the initially compromised component, such as co-hosted data stores, downstream microservices, or secrets accessible to the Java process. The advisory tag 'Authentication Bypass' suggests the Networking component fails to enforce proper authentication or authorization when processing specially crafted HTTP interactions. Oracle's advisory explicitly describes two distinct attack surfaces: server-side via web services or applications that expose Java Networking APIs to external HTTP input, and client-side via sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets that load and execute untrusted code from the internet. No CWE was assigned by Oracle (listed as N/A), limiting precise root-cause categorization; however, the Authentication Bypass tag and confidentiality-only impact pattern are consistent with an improper access control or insufficient verification class of flaw, broadly analogous to CWE-284 or CWE-295.

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 6.8 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.8 MEDIUM

Network vector via HTTP confirmed; AC:H reflects Oracle's explicit 'difficult to exploit' characterization and implied protocol preconditions; PR:N per unauthenticated path; S:C and C:H reflect scope change with critical confidentiality loss; no integrity or availability impact applies.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE MEDIUM
Red Hat 6.8 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Networking). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u501, 11.0.32, 17.0.20, 21.0.12, 25.0.4, 26.0.2; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.20 and 21.0.12; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.19. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. While the vulnerability is in Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.8 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 75% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Java SE runtime underpins a vast fraction of enterprise, cloud, and embedded production deployments globally
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

34
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +34
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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Same weakness CWE-284 – Improper Access Control

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Same technique Authentication Bypass

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate
Product Status
SUSE Liberty Linux 10 Fixed
SUSE Liberty Linux 8 Fixed
SUSE Liberty Linux 9 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 Affected

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55774 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55775 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55776 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55777 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55778 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55779 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55780 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55781 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55782 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55783 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55787 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55788 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55789 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55798 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:55799 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57175 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57177 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:57765 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:58266 ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61308 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8795-1 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8796-1 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/392245 REF https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspuaug2026.html

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