Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Remote, unauthenticated, low-complexity header spoof (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) yielding SSRF/credential disclosure (C:H) and config/key overwrite (I:H) with no availability loss (A:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Hermes WebUI before 0.51.307 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to circumvent local-origin IP restrictions on onboarding endpoints by supplying a spoofed X-Forwarded-For header with a loopback address. Attackers can exploit this bypass to perform server-side request forgery against internal services including cloud metadata endpoints, overwrite LLM provider configuration and API keys with attacker-controlled values, or initiate OAuth device-code flows to obtain persistent access tokens stored in auth.json.
AnalysisAI
Authentication bypass in Hermes WebUI before 0.51.307 lets unauthenticated remote attackers reach onboarding endpoints that are supposed to be restricted to loopback traffic by spoofing an X-Forwarded-For header with a 127.0.0.1 value. Once past the origin check, an attacker can pivot to server-side request forgery against internal services and cloud metadata endpoints, overwrite LLM provider configuration and API keys, or start an OAuth device-code flow to mint persistent tokens saved in auth.json. A vendor patch exists; the flaw carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 9.3, but no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Technical ContextAI
Hermes WebUI is a self-hosted web interface (GitHub project nesquena/hermes-webui, CPE cpe:2.3:a:nesquena:hermes-webui) for managing LLM providers and their credentials. To protect sensitive first-run onboarding routes, it gates them to local-origin requests - but it trusts the client-supplied X-Forwarded-For header to determine the source IP instead of the actual TCP peer address. This is the root cause captured by CWE-348 (Use of Less Trusted Source): a security decision (is this request local?) is made from attacker-controllable input. Because X-Forwarded-For is a plain request header, any remote client can assert a loopback address and satisfy the check, exposing endpoints that perform outbound fetches (SSRF sink reaching cloud metadata such as 169.254.169.254), mutate provider config/API keys, and drive OAuth device-code token issuance.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Hermes WebUI v0.51.307 or later, which is the primary and complete fix (release: https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/releases/tag/v0.51.307; fix PR https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/pull/3758; patch commit https://github.com/nesquena/hermes-webui/commit/70596e6993be0d4cee083c1c1a86f5e7ad5d57b7). If you cannot upgrade immediately, do not expose the service to untrusted networks: bind it to localhost or place it behind a reverse proxy that strips or overrides inbound X-Forwarded-For headers so clients cannot forge the source IP (side effect - you must then configure the proxy as the sole trusted hop, or legitimate remote access breaks). Additionally restrict network access to the onboarding endpoints via firewall/ACL and rotate any LLM provider API keys and OAuth tokens (auth.json) that may have been exposed or overwritten. Consult the VulnCheck advisory (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/hermes-webui-authentication-bypass-via-x-forwarded-for-header-spoofing) for full details.
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Same weakness CWE-348 – Use of Less Trusted Source
View allSame technique Authentication Bypass
View allShare
External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-42726
GHSA-rfj2-6v8r-3w64