Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessGain unprivileged local shell access
-
DeliveryCreate private 802.1X connection profile via nmcli
-
ExploitSet ca-path to attacker-controlled directory with rogue CA
-
ExecutionDeploy rogue access point signed by rogue CA within radio range
-
PersistVictim system connects to rogue AP with bypassed cert validation
-
ImpactCapture EAP credentials in transit
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a local unprivileged user account on the affected system (PR:L per CVSS vector) with the default capability to create private NetworkManager connection profiles - a standard entitlement for desktop users in most RHEL configurations. The target system must be in use with WPA-Enterprise (802.1X) wireless connections; systems that exclusively use wired Ethernet or WPA-Personal wireless are not exposed to the credential-theft outcome, because the rogue-AP interception step requires 802.1X EAP negotiation. A rogue wireless access point operated by the attacker - presenting a certificate signed by the attacker-controlled CA - must be within radio range at the time the legitimate 802.1X connection attempt occurs. Limiting factors: the attack vector is strictly local (AV:L), requiring the attacker to already hold a shell session on the target; the credential theft itself is a two-phase operation requiring both the local profile manipulation and a subsequent network connection event; and systems with no 802.1X Wi-Fi profiles in use are not practically exploitable for credential theft, though the CA-path property manipulation still succeeds due to the incomplete authorization check. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N accurately characterizes this as a local, low-complexity, low-privilege attack with no required user interaction and high confidentiality and integrity impact. The local-only attack vector (AV:L) meaningfully constrains the exposed population compared to a network-facing flaw, but in enterprise desktop environments standard users routinely hold the shell access and connection-profile creation rights required. SSVC rates exploitation as 'none' at this time but marks the attack as automatable - consistent with the straightforward nmcli commands needed - and technical impact as total, signaling that once conditions align, the outcome is comprehensive. EPSS data is absent from the provided input and cannot be assessed. No CISA KEV listing exists, so active exploitation is unconfirmed. The real-world risk is highest in organizations that deploy WPA-Enterprise 802.1X Wi-Fi on multi-user Linux workstations or shared RHEL systems where untrusted local users have shell access; systems without 802.1X wireless are not exposed to the credential-theft outcome, though the CA-path manipulation itself still succeeds. The incomplete-fix nature of this CVE relative to CVE-2025-9615 suggests the property set involved may be broader than currently documented. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unprivileged local user on a shared RHEL workstation uses nmcli to create a private WPA-Enterprise connection profile with 802-1x.ca-path pointing to a directory they control, then populates that directory with a self-signed CA certificate. When a colleague or automated process on the same machine attempts to connect to the corporate 802.1X Wi-Fi network, NetworkManager validates the access point's server certificate against the attacker-supplied CA rather than the legitimate enterprise CA, accepting a rogue access point the attacker operates nearby. EAP credentials - potentially MSCHAPv2 challenge-response hashes or, in weaker configurations, plaintext credentials - are captured by the rogue AP without the client detecting the substitution. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the attack requires only standard nmcli commands available to any local user account. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv2 – Aug 24, 2026
Incomplete remediation of CVE-2025-9615 in NetworkManager exposes WPA-Enterprise (802.1X) connections to server certificate validation bypass on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 10, Red Hat Hardened Images, and Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4. An unprivileged local user can set the 802-1x.ca-path or phase2-ca-path properties of a private connection profile to an attacker-controlled directory because the private_user restriction was never applied to these directory-valued fields. When the victim system subsequently connects to a wireless network, the bypassed CA validation enables credential theft via a rogue access point presenting a certificate signed by the attacker-supplied CA. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis; however, SSVC rates the attack as automatable with total technical impact once local access exists.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
Local privilege/authorization bypass in NetworkManager allows an unprivileged local user to override server certificate validation for WPA-Enterprise (802.1X) connections by redirecting the CA-path to an attacker-controlled directory, enabling theft of enterprise network credentials via a rogue access point. This is an incomplete-fix regression of CVE-2025-9615: the earlier patch added a private_user restriction but failed to extend it to the directory-valued 802-1x.ca-path and phase2-ca-path properties. Reported by Red Hat, it affects RHEL 6 through 10, OpenShift Container Platform 4, and Red Hat Hardened Images; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV.
RemediationAI
The upstream fix is available in the NetworkManager GitLab repository via two commits: e85cc46d0b36cdba50fe8411cc93d55a49ebfccf (https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/NetworkManager/NetworkManager/-/commit/e85cc46d0b36cdba50fe8411cc93d55a49ebfccf) and a8e87381a3e70060abd721d9a347f42b2ba68e6e (https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/NetworkManager/NetworkManager/-/commit/a8e87381a3e70060abd721d9a347f42b2ba68e6e), merged via MR 2513 (https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/NetworkManager/NetworkManager/-/merge_requests/2513). An exact patched NetworkManager release version is not independently confirmed from the provided data; Red Hat RHEL users should apply the relevant errata once published at https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-19685. As a compensating control while awaiting a patch, administrators can use polkit rules to restrict which users may create or modify network connection profiles (e.g., deny org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.settings.modify.own for untrusted user groups), reducing the attack surface at the cost of requiring administrator intervention for users to configure their own Wi-Fi. Additionally, removing 802.1X Wi-Fi connections from systems where untrusted local users have shell access eliminates the credential-theft outcome entirely, though this may not be operationally feasible. Avoid relying solely on SSID-level controls, as the rogue access point scenario explicitly circumvents those.
Affects your stack
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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
NetworkManager is the standard network connection management daemon on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and most major Linux distributions, handling wired, wireless, VPN, and mobile connections. For WPA-Enterprise (802.1X) connections - used in corporate wireless environments - NetworkManager uses connection profile properties including 802-1x.ca-path and phase2-ca-path to specify filesystem directories containing CA certificates for server certificate validation. CVE-2025-9615 previously identified that the private_user sandboxing restriction was not applied to certain connection properties; this CVE documents that the fix was incomplete because the directory-valued ca-path properties were omitted. CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization) is the root cause class: an authorization check existed but was not applied uniformly to all sensitive properties. The CPE data confirms impact across cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_6 through _10, red_hat_hardened_images, and red_hat_openshift_container_platform_4. The EAP credential theft pathway is specific to 802.1X mutual authentication protocols where client-side CA validation is the trust anchor.
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
AV:L and PR:L because exploitation requires a local shell account and connection-profile creation rights; C:H and I:H for credential theft and certificate validation bypass; A:N as no availability impact is described.
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
6DescriptionNVD
NetworkManager did not apply the private_user restriction to the 802-1x.ca-path and phase2-ca-path directory-valued connection properties. This incomplete fix for CVE-2025-9615 allows an unprivileged local user to point a private WPA-Enterprise (802.1X) connection profile's CA path at an attacker-controlled directory, bypassing server certificate validation and enabling credential theft via a rogue access point.
Executive ViewAI
Red Hat systems and OpenShift Container Platform 4 installations in your environment are vulnerable to wireless network credential theft through an incomplete NetworkManager security fix affecting RHEL versions 6-10. Local attackers can exploit misconfigured certificate validation to harvest credentials via counterfeit wireless networks. No public exploit code has been identified, but security researchers confirm the attack is automatable, and no vendor patch is currently available to remediate the underlying issue.
Restrict Unix file permissions on /etc/NetworkManager configuration files to prevent unprivileged modification of connection profiles; implement network access controls segmenting wireless networks from systems handling sensitive data; deploy wireless monitoring to detect rogue access points or anomalous 802.1X authentication attempts; enforce certificate pinning independent of NetworkManager configuration on systems connecting to enterprise networks; require multi-factor authentication on systems accessing sensitive resources to prevent credential-only compromise; maintain detailed audit logs of all connection profile modifications and 802.1X events.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Affected Products (CPE)NVD
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View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Important| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.2 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.3 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server LTS 4.3 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | Affected |
| SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7 | Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Desktop Applications 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Point of Sale 12 SP2-CLIENT | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-BCL | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-BCL | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Raspberry Pi 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP2 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP3 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP4 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP5 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.2 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.2 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.2 | Affected |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud 7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud 8 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud 9 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 8 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.3 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.2 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.3 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.4 | Affected |
| openSUSE Leap Micro 5.5 | Affected |
| SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun | Affected |
| SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Azure | Affected |
| SLES-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 | Affected |
| SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GCE | Affected |
| SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GDC | Affected |
| SLES-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud | Affected |
| kiwi-templates-Minimal kiwi-templates-Minimal-Cloud-sap kiwi-templates-Minimal-MS-HyperV-sap kiwi-templates-Minimal-VMware-sap kiwi-templates-Minimal-kvm-and-xen-sap rancher/elemental-teal-rt/5.4 rancher/elemental-teal/5.4 suse/hpc/warewulf4-x86_64/sle-hpc-node suse/sle-micro-rancher/5.3 suse/sle-micro-rancher/5.4 suse/sle-micro/5.5 suse/sle-micro/base-5.5 suse/sle-micro/kvm-5.5 suse/sle-micro/rt-5.5 suse/sles-16.1-kubevirt-minimal | Affected |
EUVD-2026-64957
GHSA-xpm4-qfqg-g2wr
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB