Skip to main content

Zephyr CVE-2026-16148

| EUVDEUVD-2026-77778 MEDIUM
Operation on Resource in Wrong Phase of Lifetime (CWE-666)
2026-09-14 zephyr
4.6
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: zephyr
View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.

Alert me

AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 15, 2026

Physically attached USB hosts can crash Zephyr RTOS builds that use the ITE it82xx2 USB device-controller driver, because the driver re-initializes an already-pending delayed work item during a disable-then-enable cycle, corrupting kernel timeout and workqueue linked lists and causing a kernel panic. Affected builds are those running Zephyr 3.7.0 through versions below 4.4.2 with the it82xx2 UDC driver enabled, typically on hardware that faces a removable USB host — kiosks, field instrumentation, or development boards. Exploitation requires a direct physical USB connection (CVSS AV:P, score 4.6), delivers denial of service only with no confidentiality or integrity impact, and is not currently listed as actively exploited or accompanied by published exploit code.

Affected VersionsENISA

Zephyr 3.7.0 <4.4.2

Affected Packages

euvd zephyr fix: 4.4.2

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Know when Zephyr gets its next vulnerability

  • Watch products and get an email when something new is published
  • Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

No credit card · 7-day full trial

Severity by source

Vendor (zephyr) PRIMARY 4.6 MEDIUM
AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (zephyr) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: zephyr

Attack Vector
Physical
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

The ITE it82xx2 USB device-controller driver initialized its bus-suspend detection work with k_work_init_delayable(&priv->suspended_work, suspended_handler) inside it82xx2_enable() (the driver's .enable op) in drivers/usb/udc/udc_it82xx2.c. This work item is scheduled essentially continuously while the USB bus is active: the interrupt handler reschedules it on every SOF frame and suspended_handler() reschedules itself, so its timeout node is normally linked in the kernel timeout list / a workqueue pending queue.

k_work_init_delayable() (kernel/work.c) unconditionally overwrites the entire k_work_delayable structure, including its timeout and queue linkage, with no busy check. Because it82xx2_disable() does not cancel the work, a normal disable-then-enable cycle re-runs api->enable() (udc_enable() only rejects a redundant enable, not a re-enable after disable) and re-initializes the still-pending work in place, corrupting the kernel timeout/workqueue linked lists and causing a kernel panic.

An external USB host - for example a host performing USB DFU detach (dfu-util --detach) or forcing repeated attach/reset/re-enumeration - drives the udc_disable()/udc_enable() transitions and controls suspend/resume timing, so it can arrange for the suspend work to be pending across a re-enable. This yields an unauthenticated denial of service (kernel panic) reachable across the USB boundary from a removable, physically-connected host, with no confidentiality or integrity impact demonstrated.

The fix moves the k_work_init_delayable() call into the one-time preinit function so the work is initialized exactly once, eliminating the re-initialization of an in-use item.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 94% exploitable
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

23
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +23
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

More in Zephyr

View all
CVE-2023-4260 CRITICAL POC
10.0 Sep 27

Potential off-by-one buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zephyr fuse file system. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0),

CVE-2026-1678 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 05

An out-of-bounds write in the Zephyr RTOS DNS resolver (dns_unpack_name()) lets a crafted DNS response corrupt memory on

CVE-2023-5055 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Nov 21

Possible variant of CVE-2021-3434 in function le_ecred_reconf_req. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerabilit

CVE-2023-4257 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 13

Unchecked user input length in /subsys/net/l2/wifi/wifi_shell.c can cause buffer overflows. Rated critical severity (CVS

CVE-2023-3725 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 06

Potential buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zephyr CAN bus subsystem. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulner

CVE-2021-3323 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 12

Integer Underflow in 6LoWPAN IPHC Header Uncompression in Zephyr. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability

CVE-2021-3625 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 05

Buffer overflow in Zephyr USB DFU DNLOAD. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable

CVE-2021-3319 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Oct 05

DOS: Incorrect 802154 Frame Validation for Omitted Source / Dest Addresses. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vul

CVE-2018-1000800 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Sep 06

zephyr-rtos version 1.12.0 contains a NULL base pointer reference vulnerability in sys_ring_buf_put(), sys_ring_buf_get(

CVE-2023-4264 CRITICAL POC
9.6 Sep 27

Potential buffer overflow vulnerabilities n the Zephyr Bluetooth subsystem. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.6), this vul

CVE-2024-1638 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Feb 19

The documentation specifies that the BT_GATT_PERM_READ_LESC and BT_GATT_PERM_WRITE_LESC defines for a Bluetooth characte

CVE-2023-5753 HIGH POC
8.8 Oct 25

Potential buffer overflows in the Bluetooth subsystem due to asserts being disabled in /subsys/bluetooth/host/hci_core.c

This site uses cookies essential for authentication and security. No tracking or analytics cookies are used. Privacy Policy