Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSubmit crafted guest-book entry via kirim()
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DeliveryInject script into nama/email/pesan field
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ExploitPayload stored/reflected unsanitized
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ExecutionVictim views Guest Book page
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ImpactScript executes in victim browser session
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the Guest Book component to be present and reachable, and a victim to view the guest-book page containing the injected nama/email/pesan payload (UI:P - the payload executes only when someone loads the page). No authentication is needed to submit the entry (PR:N). Affects gedelumbung HospitalManagement at or before commit c2d45543 with no fixed release available, so any current deployment tracking the rolling release is likely exposed. The limiting factor is the required victim interaction and the small, niche installation base. |
| Impact | This is a genuinely low-priority issue despite being a publicly-exploited vulnerability. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N, score 2.1) reflects the limited real-world impact: no confidentiality or availability effect and only Low integrity impact confined to the vulnerable system, with user interaction (UI:P) required to land the payload. Public exploit code exists (VulDB #411506, GitHub issue #13), which raises the practical exploitability signal, but there is NO EPSS score, NO CISA KEV listing, and NO evidence of active exploitation - POC availability and active exploitation are distinct and only the former applies here. The dominant risk-reducing factors are the tiny deployment footprint of this niche open-source PHP application and the modest impact of a single guest-book XSS. Note a scoring tension: the vendor's 4.0 score of 2.1 is unusually low for XSS because it credits no confidentiality/subsequent-system impact, whereas typical XSS (session/credential theft in the victim's browser) would warrant a somewhat higher assessment (see assessed vectors). This is a high-visibility-but-low-real-risk finding. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated remote attacker submits a guest-book entry via the buku_tamu.php 'kirim' function, embedding a malicious script in the nama, email, or pesan fields. When a staff member or another visitor later views the guest book, the unsanitized payload executes in their browser, enabling session hijacking, UI defacement, or redirection. Public exploit code for this exact path is available (VulDB / GitHub issue #13). |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 30, 2026
Cross-site scripting in the Guest Book component of gedelumbung HospitalManagement (PHP) allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to inject script payloads through the nama, email, and pesan fields handled by the kirim function in application/modules/web/controllers/buku_tamu.php, with the payload executing when a victim loads the affected guest-book page (publicly available exploit code exists; no confirmed active exploitation). The project ships as a rolling release, so no discrete affected or fixed version numbers exist - any deployment at or before commit c2d45543789a3887067d3915f69d44cfc2cf76a8 is presumed vulnerable. Impact is limited: the maintainer has not responded to the issue report and no vendor patch is available, but the required victim interaction, the low CVSS 2.1 base score, and a niche installation base keep this a low-priority finding.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis: the issue was filed upstream at https://github.com/gedelumbung/HospitalManagement/issues/13 and the project has not responded, so there is no fixed commit, tag, or release to upgrade to. Until an upstream fix lands, treat compensating controls as the only option. The most reliable is to disable or remove the Guest Book module entirely (drop or rename application/modules/web/controllers/buku_tamu.php and its views/routes) - trade-off: loss of the guest-book feature, but complete elimination of the attack surface. If the feature must stay, apply contextual output encoding when rendering nama, email, and pesan (e.g., htmlspecialchars with ENT_QUOTES in the PHP views, or an equivalent escaping helper) and validate/strip HTML on input before storage - trade-off: requires code changes to an unmaintained fork and must be re-applied after every upstream pull since this is a rolling release. Additionally, deploy a Content-Security-Policy header (script-src 'self', no unsafe-inline) to blunt payload execution, and add a WAF rule blocking script/event-handler patterns in guest-book POST bodies - trade-off: CSP can break inline scripts in the existing UI and WAF signatures are easily bypassed by encoding tricks, so these are defense-in-depth only, not fixes. Restricting guest-book write access or placing the page behind authentication reduces exposure but does not remove the stored-XSS flaw for authenticated viewers. Consult https://vuldb.com/vuln/411506 and https://vuldb.com/vuln/411506/cti for updates, and re-check the upstream repository for a patched commit given the rolling-release model.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected code is a PHP controller (application/modules/web/controllers/buku_tamu.php) in a CodeIgniter-style MVC layout, where the kirim ("send") action accepts guest-book submissions. Root cause is CWE-79, improper neutralization of input during web page generation: user-controlled values from the nama, email, and pesan parameters are persisted and later rendered back into HTML without output encoding or contextual escaping. Because the stored values are echoed to subsequent visitors, the practical outcome is stored XSS against anyone viewing the guest book, though the CVSS 4.0 vector (UI:P) and the independent CVSS 3.1 assessment (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N) both confirm that script execution depends on a victim loading the crafted page - the attacker does not gain code execution directly. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:gedelumbung:hospitalmanagement:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* with a wildcard version reflects the project's rolling-release model, meaning there is no tagged version boundary; the referenced commit c2d45543789a3887067d3915f69d44cfc2cf76a8 is the review point in the public repository. Tags (PHP, XSS, Hospitalmanagement) and the single GitHub-hosted advisory confirm a small, self-hosted hospital management application rather than a widely deployed platform.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Unauthenticated network-reachable XSS requires a victim to render the page (UI:R) and crosses into the victim's browser context (S:C) with limited confidentiality impact (session/data theft); no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A flaw has been found in gedelumbung HospitalManagement up to c2d45543789a3887067d3915f69d44cfc2cf76a8. The affected element is the function kirim of the file application/modules/web/controllers/buku_tamu.php of the component Guest Book. This manipulation of the argument nama/email/pesan causes cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. This product follows a rolling release approach for continuous delivery, so version details for affected or updated releases are not provided. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
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