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ZFS Storage Appliance CVE-2025-62480

LOW
Privilege Defined With Unsafe Actions (CWE-267)
2025-10-21 secalert_us@oracle.com
2.7
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain high-privileged appliance admin access
  2. Exploit
    Reach HTTP management interface
  3. Execution
    Send crafted request to Naming Subsystem
  4. Impact
    Trigger partial denial of service

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Privilege defined with unsafe actions
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an attacker who already holds HIGH privileges (PR:H) on the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit version 8.8 and who can reach the appliance's HTTP management interface over the network. The specific target is the Naming Subsystem component. Limiting factors: the high-privilege prerequisite means the attacker must already be an authenticated administrative-level user, so this is not an initial-access flaw; the maximum impact is a PARTIAL denial of service (A:L) with no confidentiality or integrity effect; and only version 8.8 is listed as affected. Fixed via the Oracle October 2025 Critical Patch Update.

Impact

This is a genuinely low-risk vulnerability, and every signal agrees. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 2.7 reflects an availability-only impact (C:N/I:N/A:L) that is further gated by PR:H - the attacker must already hold high privileges on the appliance. The best achievable outcome is a partial denial of service, not full compromise or crash. EPSS is 0.29% (19th percentile), indicating low predicted exploitation likelihood, and there is no CISA KEV listing and no public proof-of-concept, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' SSVC-style reasoning: technical impact is partial (not total), and while the vector is network-reachable (AV:N) and low-complexity (AC:L), the high-privilege prerequisite makes it non-automatable against arbitrary targets. No signals conflict. CWE-267 (Privilege Defined With Unsafe Actions) is somewhat unusual for a pure DoS outcome, but this is consistent with a privileged operator being able to misuse an administrative action in the Naming Subsystem to degrade service rather than escalate; it is not a contradiction worth overriding the vendor vector. The only attacker who benefits is one who already has HTTP management access with high privileges, for whom degrading availability is a marginal gain.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already obtained high-privileged administrative access to the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit (version 8.8) management interface sends a crafted HTTP request to the Naming Subsystem to trigger a partial denial of service, degrading availability of the storage appliance. No public proof-of-concept or active exploitation is known, and the high-privilege requirement means this is a post-compromise nuisance rather than an initial-access vector.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 01, 2026

Partial denial of service in Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit 8.8 can be triggered over the network through the appliance's HTTP management interface by an attacker who already holds high privileges, degrading availability of the Naming Subsystem without any confidentiality or integrity impact. The flaw is rated CVSS 3.1 base 2.7 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L) and is not confirmed actively exploited (not in CISA KEV) and has no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is 0.29% (19th percentile), indicating very low predicted exploitation activity. Because the privileged prerequisite makes this a post-authentication, administrative-level issue rather than an initial-access vector, overall risk is low and remediation is straightforward via Oracle's October 2025 Critical Patch Update.

RemediationAI

Apply the fix delivered in the Oracle October 2025 Critical Patch Update, documented at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html - patch availability is confirmed by the vendor advisory, though a discrete patched build number is not specified in the supplied data, so administrators should consult that advisory (and My Oracle Support) for the exact release and installation steps for ZFS Storage Appliance Kit 8.8. Because exploitation requires high privileges plus network reachability to the HTTP management interface, interim compensating controls are effective and low-risk: restrict management-plane access with network ACLs or host firewall rules so only trusted administrative subnets can reach the HTTP interface, and place the interface behind a jump host or management VLAN with audit logging; the trade-off is that legitimate remote administration must flow through those controlled paths, potentially adding operational friction. Additional hardening includes removing or tightly scoping high-privilege administrative accounts that do not need Naming Subsystem access, enforcing least privilege on appliance roles (directly relevant to CWE-267), and monitoring for anomalous HTTP management requests against name-related functions; these reduce exposure but do not eliminate the underlying defect, so patching remains the primary action. No vendor-released patch is identified as absent, and because the impact ceiling is partial denial of service with no confidentiality or integrity effect and EPSS is only 0.29%, emergency change procedures are not warranted - schedule the CPU update as part of normal patch cadence.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit is the software layer that runs on Oracle's dedicated ZFS storage hardware, providing the management, naming, and service stack exposed through an HTTP-based administrative interface. This issue resides in the Naming Subsystem component, i.e., the portion of the appliance software responsible for resolving and managing names/identifiers for storage entities. The assigned weakness class, CWE-267 (Privilege Defined With Unsafe Actions), describes a flaw in which a defined privilege or role is permitted to perform operations that are unsafe - here, a high-privileged (PR:H) actor can invoke a Naming Subsystem action that partially disrupts availability (A:L) rather than gaining data access or modifying state. The network attack vector (AV:N) plus low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction (UI:N) mean that once an attacker is operating at the required privilege level and can reach the HTTP management plane, exploiting the condition is technically simple; the PR:H requirement is the dominant limiting factor, confining this to an authenticated administrative context within the appliance's version 8.8 software, per CPE cpe:2.3:a:oracle:zfs_storage_appliance_kit:8.8.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 2.7 LOW
AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
vuln.today AI 2.7 LOW

Network-reachable HTTP management (AV:N/AC:L) but requires existing high-privilege admin access (PR:H); impact limited to partial availability loss (A:L), no C/I.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit product of Oracle Systems (component: Naming Subsystem). The supported version that is affected is 8.8. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Kit. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 2.7 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 81% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche Oracle enterprise storage appliance, specific data-center deployments only
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Low

Priority Score

14
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +14
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:oracle:zfs_storage_appliance_kit:8.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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CVE-2020-10108 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 12

In Twisted Web through 19.10.0, there was an HTTP request splitting vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), t

CVE-2020-26116 HIGH POC
7.2 Sep 27

http.client in Python 3.x before 3.5.10, 3.6.x before 3.6.12, 3.7.x before 3.7.9, and 3.8.x before 3.8.5 allows CRLF inj

CVE-2020-13871 HIGH POC
7.5 Jun 06

SQLite 3.32.2 has a use-after-free in resetAccumulator in select.c because the parse tree rewrite for window functions i

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7.5 Apr 28

In filter.c in slapd in OpenLDAP before 2.4.50, LDAP search filters with nested boolean expressions can result in denial

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