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Poppler CVE-2025-50420

MEDIUM
Uncontrolled Recursion (CWE-674)
2025-08-04 cve@mitre.org
Denial Of Service Poppler Freedesktop
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mitre
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-674
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Recursion depth limits
Impact

CVSS score of 6.5 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.05%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

An issue in the pdfseparate utility of freedesktop poppler v25.04.0 allows attackers to cause an infinite recursion via supplying a crafted PDF file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-674. An issue in the pdfseparate utility of freedesktop poppler v25.04.0 allows attackers to cause an infinite recursion via supplying a crafted PDF file. This can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS). Affected products include: Freedesktop Poppler.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (mitre) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SUSE MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (mitre).

CVSS VectorVendor: mitre

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Patch released
Apr 06, 2026 - 14:30 nvd
Patch available
PoC Detected
Oct 09, 2025 - 17:43 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Aug 04, 2025 - 17:15 nvd
MEDIUM 6.5

DescriptionCVE.org

An issue in the pdfseparate utility of freedesktop poppler v25.04.0 allows attackers to cause an infinite recursion via supplying a crafted PDF file. This can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS).

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using the pdfseparate utility of freedesktop poppler should be aware of notable risk from CVE-2025-50420 rated CVSS 6.5. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Moderate
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 84% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium
NVD CVE.org EPSS Vendor GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No

Priority Score

52
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:freedesktop:poppler:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Poppler

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CVE-2013-4474 MEDIUM POC
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Format string vulnerability in the extractPages function in utils/pdfseparate.cc in poppler before 0.24.3 allows remote

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8.8 Jul 12

An exploitable integer overflow vulnerability exists in the JPEG 2000 image parsing functionality of freedesktop.org Pop
CVE-2017-15565 HIGH POC
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In Poppler 0.59.0, a NULL Pointer Dereference exists in the GfxImageColorMap::getGrayLine() function in GfxState.cc via

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In Poppler through 0.76.1, there is a heap-based buffer over-read in JPXStream::init in JPEG2000Stream.cc via data with

CVE-2019-10872 HIGH POC
8.8 Apr 05

An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n
CVE-2019-9545 HIGH POC
8.8 Mar 01

An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n
CVE-2019-9543 HIGH POC
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An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n
CVE-2019-9200 HIGH POC
8.8 Feb 26

A heap-based buffer underwrite exists in ImageStream::getLine() located at Stream.cc in Poppler 0.74.0 that can (for exa
CVE-2013-4473 HIGH POC
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Stack-based buffer overflow in the extractPages function in utils/pdfseparate.cc in poppler before 0.24.2 allows remote

CVE-2017-14518 HIGH POC
7.8 Sep 17

In Poppler 0.59.0, a floating point exception exists in the isImageInterpolationRequired() function in Splash.cc via a c
CVE-2017-14520 HIGH POC
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In Poppler 0.59.0, a floating point exception occurs in Splash::scaleImageYuXd() in Splash.cc, which may lead to a poten
CVE-2022-38784 HIGH POC
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Poppler prior to and including 22.08.0 contains an integer overflow in the JBIG2 decoder (JBIG2Stream::readTextRegionSeg

Same weakness CWE-674 – Uncontrolled Recursion

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Same technique Denial Of Service

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CVE-2011-0609 HIGH POC
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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Medium
Product Status
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS Fixed

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:02788/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:02789/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:02790/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:02791/ REF http://freedesktop.com REF http://poppler.com

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