Ex1200t Firmware
CVE-2025-28039
CRITICAL
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 7.48%. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026
TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the setUpgradeFW function through the FileName parameter. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
RemediationAI
No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Avoid passing user input to shell commands. Use language-specific APIs instead of shell execution. Apply strict input validation with allowlists.
Affects your stack
Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as OS Command Injection (CWE-78), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host. TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the setUpgradeFW function through the FileName parameter. Affected products include: Totolink Ex1200T Firmware.
Know when Ex1200t Firmware gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the setUpgradeFW function through the FileName parameter.
Executive ViewAI
Organizations using a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the setUpgradeFW function face critical risk from CVE-2025-28039, a OS command injection vulnerability rated CVSS 9.8. Successful exploitation could allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or commands on affected systems, potentially leading to full system compromise. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates immediately when available and implement compensating controls in the interim.
Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Deploy WAF rules to block injection patterns; (2) Restrict network access to affected components; (3) Enable enhanced logging for suspicious activity.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org
More in Ex1200t Firmware
View allTOTOlink EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via th
TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5215 is affected by a command injection vulnerability that can remotely execute arbitrary code
TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713 was found to contain a pre-auth remote command execution vulnerability in the s
TOTOLINK EX1200T V4.1.2cu.5215 contains a remote command injection vulnerability in the function setDiagnosisCfg of the
Buffer overflow in TOTOLINK EX1200T via setLanguageCfg. EPSS 0.52%. PoC available.
CVE-2025-6393 is a critical buffer overflow vulnerability in the HTTP POST request handler of TOTOLINK routers affecting
Critical buffer overflow vulnerability in TOTOLINK EX1200T routers (firmware versions up to 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713) affe
A buffer overflow vulnerability (CVSS 8.8). Risk factors: public PoC available.
A buffer overflow vulnerability in A vulnerability (CVSS 8.8). Risk factors: public PoC available.
Critical buffer overflow vulnerability in TOTOLINK EX1200T wireless router (firmware version 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713) aff
Critical buffer overflow vulnerability in TOTOLINK EX1200T wireless router (firmware version 4.1.2cu.5232_B20210713) aff
A buffer overflow vulnerability (CVSS 8.8). Risk factors: public PoC available.
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB