Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Path canonicalization, traversal prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Discovery, Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 7.5 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.54%. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could access files and directories outside the intended path by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026
NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila is vulnerable to path traversal in the OSAL module, allowing the override of any arbitrary file on the system. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
RemediationAI
No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Validate and canonicalize file paths. Use chroot or sandboxing. Reject input containing path separators or '../' sequences.
Affects your stack
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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as Path Traversal (CWE-22), which allows attackers to access files and directories outside the intended path. NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila is vulnerable to path traversal in the OSAL module, allowing the override of any arbitrary file on the system. Affected products include: Nasa Cfs.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila is vulnerable to path traversal in the OSAL module, allowing the override of any arbitrary file on the system.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2025-25371 presents notable security risk, a path traversal vulnerability rated CVSS 7.5. This could allow attackers to access or modify files outside intended directories, potentially exposing sensitive configuration or credentials. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available, increasing the risk of exploitation. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and consider compensating controls in the interim.
Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Restrict file upload functionality via WAF; (2) Implement allowlist-based file type validation; (3) Use chroot/containerization to limit filesystem access.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.
Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org
The Memory Management Module of NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila has insecure permissions, which can be exploited to
In NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila, it is possible to put the onboard software in a state that will prevent the lau
NASA cFS (Core Flight System) Aquila is vulnerable to segmentation fault via sending a malicious telecommand to the Memo
Buffer overflow in NASA Core Flight System (cFS) up to version 7.0.1 allows adjacent-network attackers to corrupt memory
Integer underflow in NASA cFS's cFE Software Bus module (versions up to 7.0.1) allows a network-reachable, low-privilege
Memory corruption in NASA cFS up to version 7.0.0 via manipulation of the CFE_SB_TransmitMsg function in the CCSDS Heade
Integer overflow in NASA cFS CFE_TBL_ValidateCodecLoadSize function (cfe_tbl_passthru_codec.c) on 32-bit systems allows
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB