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Car Rental System CVE-2024-12981

MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)
2024-12-27 cna@vuldb.com
5.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vuldb
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Impact

CVSS score of 5.3 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A vulnerability was found in CodeAstro Car Rental System 1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-74. A vulnerability was found in CodeAstro Car Rental System 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /bookingconfirm.php. The manipulation of the argument driver_id_from_dropdown leads to sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other parameters might be affected as well. Affected products include: Codeastro Car Rental System.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (vuldb) PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (vuldb) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: vuldb

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability was found in CodeAstro Car Rental System 1.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /bookingconfirm.php. The manipulation of the argument driver_id_from_dropdown leads to sql injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Other parameters might be affected as well.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 58% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

47
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +26
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:codeastro:car_rental_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2022-28000 HIGH POC
8.8 Apr 08

Car Rental System v1.0 was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability at /Car_Rental/booking.php via the id par

CVE-2020-15535 MEDIUM POC
6.1 Jul 05

An issue was discovered in the bestsoftinc Car Rental System plugin through 1.3 for WordPress. Rated medium severity (CV

CVE-2025-6579 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jun 24

CVE-2025-6579 is a critical SQL injection vulnerability in code-projects Car Rental System 1.0 affecting the /message_ad

CVE-2025-6906 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jun 30

SQL injection in the login page of Code-projects Car Rental System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to inject

CVE-2025-6905 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jun 30

Unauthenticated SQL injection in the signup endpoint of code-projects Car Rental System 1.0 allows remote attackers to e

CVE-2025-6904 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jun 30

SQL injection in code-projects Car Rental System 1.0 via the car_name parameter in /admin/add_cars.php allows remote, un

CVE-2025-6903 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jun 30

SQL injection in Car Rental System 1.0 (PHP) allows manipulation of the /admin/approve.php endpoint by supplying a malic

CVE-2025-6907 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Jun 30

SQL injection in Car Rental System 1.0 allows remote attackers to manipulate the 'fname' parameter in /book_car.php, lea

CVE-2026-5645 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Apr 06

SQL injection in projectworlds Car Rental System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate database quer

CVE-2026-5637 MEDIUM POC
5.5 Apr 06

SQL injection in projectworlds Car Rental System 1.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL co

CVE-2025-6667 LOW POC
2.1 Jun 25

Unrestricted file upload in code-projects Car Rental System 1.0 allows remote attackers to upload arbitrary files via th

CVE-2025-3204 MEDIUM POC
5.3 Apr 04

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in CodeAstro Car Rental System 1.0. Rated medium sever

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