What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-49428?

CVE-2023-49428 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 2.5%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2023-49428?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2023-49428. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 2.5%.

Ax12 Firmware CVE-2023-49428

CRITICAL

Command Injection (CWE-77)

2023-12-07 cve@mitre.org

Command Injection Tenda Ax12 Firmware

9.8

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-77 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Command injection prevention MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A remote attacker could inject arbitrary commands into system command execution by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity + public POC available.

No patch listed yet 2.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 has been discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the 'mac' parameter at /goform/SetOnlineDevName. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Use parameterized APIs, avoid shell execution, validate input with strict allowlists.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Command Injection (CWE-77), which allows attackers to inject arbitrary commands into system command execution. Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 has been discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the 'mac' parameter at /goform/SetOnlineDevName. Affected products include: Tenda Ax12 Firmware.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionNVD

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 has been discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the 'mac' parameter at /goform/SetOnlineDevName.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

2.5%

Top 17% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 2.5%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity + public POC available

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: +2

CVSS: +49

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS Command Injection CRITICAL

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:tenda:ax12_firmware:22.03.01.46:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Ax12 Firmware

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CVE-2024-28383 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Mar 14

Tenda AX12 v1.0 v22.03.01.16 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the ssid parameter in the sub_431CF0 functio

CVE-2023-49437 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Dec 07

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 has been discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the 'list' parameter at /gof

CVE-2023-49426 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Dec 07

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the list parameter at /goform/SetStaticRouteCfg.

CVE-2023-49425 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Dec 07

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the deviceList parameter at /goform/setMacFilterC

CVE-2023-49424 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 Dec 07

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.46 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the list parameter at /goform/SetVirtualServerCfg

CVE-2022-28082 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 May 04

Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.21_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the list parameter at /goform/SetNetControlLis

CVE-2022-28561 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.8 May 03

There is a stack overflow vulnerability in the /goform/setMacFilterCfg function in the httpd service of Tenda ax12 22.03

CVE-2022-45980 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Dec 12

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.21_CN was discovered to contain a Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) via /goform/SysToolRestoreSet .

CVE-2022-45977 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Dec 12

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.21_CN was found to have a command injection vulnerability via /goform/setMacFilterCfg function. Rat

CVE-2022-45043 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Dec 12

Tenda AX12 V22.03.01.16_cn is vulnerable to command injection via goform/fast_setting_internet_set. Rated high severity

CVE-2024-39963 HIGH This Week POC

8.0 Jul 19

AX3000 Dual-Band Gigabit Wi-Fi 6 Router AX9 V22.03.01.46 and AX3000 Dual-Band Gigabit Wi-Fi 6 Router AX12 V1.0 V22.03.01

CVE-2025-29214 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Mar 20

Tenda AX12 v22.03.01.46_CN was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the sub_42F69C function at /goform/setMacFilte

Same weakness CWE-77 – Command Injection

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9.8

CVE-2024-55956 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2015-2051 HIGH POC

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CVE-2017-6327 HIGH POC

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CVE-2023-34960 CRITICAL POC

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Same technique Command Injection

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CVE-2019-15107 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2024-51378 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2014-6271 CRITICAL POC

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