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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-269
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Least privilege enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

CVSS score of 5.5 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local attacker with access to the system could escalate privileges to gain unauthorized elevated access.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

The improper privilege management vulnerability in the Zyxel GS1900-24EP switch firmware version V2.70(ABTO.5) could allow an authenticated local user with read-only access to modify system settings. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply principle of least privilege, validate privilege transitions, implement proper role separation.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269), which allows attackers to escalate privileges to gain unauthorized elevated access. The improper privilege management vulnerability in the Zyxel GS1900-24EP switch firmware version V2.70(ABTO.5) could allow an authenticated local user with read-only access to modify system settings on a vulnerable device. Affected products include: Zyxel Gs1900-48Hpv2 Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-48 Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-24Hpv2 Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-24Ep Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-24E Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (zyxel) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Primary rating from Vendor (zyxel) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: zyxel

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

The improper privilege management vulnerability in the Zyxel GS1900-24EP switch firmware version V2.70(ABTO.5) could allow an authenticated local user with read-only access to modify system settings on a vulnerable device.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 93% exploitable
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low
NVD CVE.org EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Privilege Escalation HIGH

Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-48hpv2_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-48_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24hpv2_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24ep_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24e_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-16_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-10hp_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-8hp_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-8_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Gs1900 10Hp Firmware

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Remote code execution in Zyxel GS1900 series managed switches (including GS1900-48HPv2, GS1900-8, GS1900-8HP, GS1900-10H
CVE-2019-15800 CRITICAL POC
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An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8),
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An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), thi
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7.5 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), thi
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An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), thi
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Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 rely on client-side JavaScript code for authorization, which allows remot
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Cisco NX-OS 6.0(2)U6(1) through 6.0(2)U6(5) on Nexus 3000 devices and 6.0(2)A6(1) through 6.0(2)A6(5) and 6.0(2)A7(1) on
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The web management interface on Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 has a blank password, which allows remote
CVE-2019-15802 MEDIUM POC
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An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), t
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Same weakness CWE-269 – Improper Privilege Management

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CVE-2017-5689 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2021-20021 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2017-12635 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2012-3993 CRITICAL POC
9.3
CVE-2017-11467 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-1510 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2014-1511 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2019-1405 HIGH POC
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Same technique Privilege Escalation

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CVE-2024-0012 CRITICAL POC
9.3
CVE-2025-47812 CRITICAL POC
10.0
CVE-2013-0422 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2013-0632 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2024-9474 MEDIUM POC
6.9

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-improper-privilege-management-vulnerability-in-gs1900-series-switches

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