Bind
CVE-2023-2828
HIGH
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource allocation limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 7.5 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could exhaust system resources through uncontrolled allocation by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability. |
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Alert meAnalysisAI
Every named instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Allocation of Resources Without Limits vulnerability could allow attackers to exhaust system resources through uncontrolled allocation.
RemediationAI
A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Set resource limits, implement rate limiting, validate input sizes.
Affects your stack
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Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as Allocation of Resources Without Limits (CWE-770), which allows attackers to exhaust system resources through uncontrolled allocation. Every named instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the max-cache-size statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit. It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in named can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured max-cache-size limit to be significantly exceeded.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1. Affected products include: Isc Bind, Debian Debian Linux, Fedoraproject Fedora, Netapp Active Iq Unified Manager, Netapp H500S Firmware. Version information: through 9.16.41.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Primary rating from Vendor (isc) · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorVendor: isc
DescriptionCVE.org
Every named instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the max-cache-size statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.
It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in named can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured max-cache-size limit to be significantly exceeded. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org
Remote unauthenticated attackers can cause a denial-of-service condition in ISC BIND 9.x by sending a crafted TKEY query
buffer.c in named in ISC BIND 9 before 9.9.9-P3, 9.10.x before 9.10.4-P3, and 9.11.x before 9.11.0rc3 does not properly
named in ISC BIND 9.x before 9.9.9-P5, 9.10.x before 9.10.4-P5, and 9.11.x before 9.11.0-P2 allows remote attackers to c
The RFC 5011 implementation in rdata.c in ISC BIND 9.7.x and 9.8.x before 9.8.5-P2, 9.8.6b1, 9.9.x before 9.9.3-P2, and
buffer.c in named in ISC BIND 9.x before 9.9.7-P3 and 9.10.x before 9.10.2-P4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial
named in ISC BIND 9.x before 9.9.8-P4 and 9.10.x before 9.10.3-P4 does not properly handle DNAME records when parsing fe
ISC BIND 9.x before 9.7.6-P3, 9.8.x before 9.8.3-P3, 9.9.x before 9.9.1-P3, and 9.4-ESV and 9.6-ESV before 9.6-ESV-R7-P3
named in ISC BIND 9.x before 9.9.8-P4 and 9.10.x before 9.10.3-P4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (
ISC BIND 9.x before 9.7.6-P1, 9.8.x before 9.8.3-P1, 9.9.x before 9.9.1-P1, and 9.4-ESV and 9.6-ESV before 9.6-ESV-R7-P1
named in ISC BIND 9.9.9-P4, 9.9.9-S6, 9.10.4-P4, and 9.11.0-P1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (ass
db.c in named in ISC BIND 9.x before 9.9.8-P2 and 9.10.x before 9.10.3-P2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of s
ISC BIND 9.1.0 through 9.8.4-P2 and 9.9.0 through 9.9.2-P2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (asserti
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB